- Interpretation of PD-L1 expression in gastric cancer: summary of a consensus meeting of Korean gastrointestinal pathologists
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Soomin Ahn, Yoonjin Kwak, Gui Young Kwon, Kyoung-Mee Kim, Moonsik Kim, Hyunki Kim, Young Soo Park, Hyeon Jeong Oh, Kyoungyul Lee, Sung Hak Lee, Hye Seung Lee
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J Pathol Transl Med. 2024;58(3):103-116. Published online April 25, 2024
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.4132/jptm.2024.03.15
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- Nivolumab plus chemotherapy in the first-line setting has demonstrated clinical efficacy in patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2–negative advanced or metastatic gastric cancer, and is currently indicated as a standard treatment. Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression is an important biomarker for predicting response to anti–programmed death 1/PD-L1 agents in several solid tumors, including gastric cancer. In the CheckMate-649 trial, significant clinical improvements were observed in patients with PD-L1 combined positive score (CPS) ≥ 5, determined using the 28-8 pharmDx assay. Accordingly, an accurate interpretation of PD-L1 CPS, especially at a cutoff of 5, is important. The CPS method evaluates both immune and tumor cells and provides a comprehensive assessment of PD-L1 expression in the tumor microenvironment of gastric cancer. However, CPS evaluation has several limitations, one of which is poor interobserver concordance among pathologists. Despite these limitations, clinical indications relying on PD-L1 CPS are increasing. In response, Korean gastrointestinal pathologists held a consensus meeting for the interpretation of PD-L1 CPS in gastric cancer. Eleven pathologists reviewed 20 PD-L1 slides with a CPS cutoff close to 5, stained with the 28-8 pharmDx assay, and determined the consensus scores. The issues observed in discrepant cases were discussed. In this review, we present cases of gastric cancer with consensus PD-L1 CPS. In addition, we briefly touch upon current practices and clinical issues associated with assays used for the assessment of PD-L1 expression in gastric cancer.
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- Adjuvant immunotherapy in patients with resected gastric and oesophagogastric junction cancer following preoperative chemotherapy with high risk for recurrence (ypN+ and/or R1): European Organisation of Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) 1707 VESTIG
F. Lordick, M.E. Mauer, G. Stocker, C.A. Cella, I. Ben-Aharon, G. Piessen, L. Wyrwicz, G. Al-Haidari, T. Fleitas-Kanonnikoff, V. Boige, R. Lordick Obermannová, U.M. Martens, C. Gomez-Martin, P. Thuss-Patience, V. Arrazubi, A. Avallone, K.K. Shiu, P. Artru Annals of Oncology.2025; 36(2): 197. CrossRef - PD-L1 as a Biomarker in Gastric Cancer Immunotherapy
Yunjoo Cho, Soomin Ahn, Kyoung-Mee Kim Journal of Gastric Cancer.2025; 25(1): 177. CrossRef - PD-L1 importance in malignancies comprehensive insights into the role of PD-L1 in malignancies: from molecular mechanisms to therapeutic opportunities
Mojdeh Soltani, Mohammad Abbaszadeh, Hamed Fouladseresht, Mark J. M. Sullman, Nahid Eskandari Clinical and Experimental Medicine.2025;[Epub] CrossRef - PD-L1 thresholds predict efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibition in first-line treatment of advanced gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma. A systematic review and meta-analysis of seven phase III randomized trials
V. Formica, C. Morelli, L. Fornaro, S. Riondino, M. Rofei, E. Fontana, E.C. Smyth, M. Roselli, H.-T. Arkenau ESMO Open.2024; 9(11): 103967. CrossRef
- A standardized pathology report for gastric cancer: 2nd edition
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Young Soo Park, Myeong-Cherl Kook, Baek-hui Kim, Hye Seung Lee, Dong-Wook Kang, Mi-Jin Gu, Ok Ran Shin, Younghee Choi, Wonae Lee, Hyunki Kim, In Hye Song, Kyoung-Mee Kim, Hee Sung Kim, Guhyun Kang, Do Youn Park, So-Young Jin, Joon Mee Kim, Yoon Jung Choi, Hee Kyung Chang, Soomin Ahn, Mee Soo Chang, Song-Hee Han, Yoonjin Kwak, An Na Seo, Sung Hak Lee, Mee-Yon Cho
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J Pathol Transl Med. 2023;57(1):1-27. Published online January 15, 2023
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.4132/jptm.2022.12.23
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- The first edition of ‘A Standardized Pathology Report for Gastric Cancer’ was initiated by the Gastrointestinal Pathology Study Group of the Korean Society of Pathologists and published 17 years ago. Since then, significant advances have been made in the pathologic diagnosis, molecular genetics, and management of gastric cancer (GC). To reflect those changes, a committee for publishing a second edition of the report was formed within the Gastrointestinal Pathology Study Group of the Korean Society of Pathologists. This second edition consists of two parts: standard data elements and conditional data elements. The standard data elements contain the basic pathologic findings and items necessary to predict the prognosis of GC patients, and they are adequate for routine surgical pathology service. Other diagnostic and prognostic factors relevant to adjuvant therapy, including molecular biomarkers, are classified as conditional data elements to allow each pathologist to selectively choose items appropriate to the environment in their institution. We trust that the standardized pathology report will be helpful for GC diagnosis and facilitate large-scale multidisciplinary collaborative studies.
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- Spatial and Temporal Tumor Heterogeneity in Gastric Cancer: Discordance of Predictive Biomarkers
Hye Seung Lee Journal of Gastric Cancer.2025; 25(1): 192. CrossRef - PD-L1 as a Biomarker in Gastric Cancer Immunotherapy
Yunjoo Cho, Soomin Ahn, Kyoung-Mee Kim Journal of Gastric Cancer.2025; 25(1): 177. CrossRef - Korean Gastric Cancer Association-Led Nationwide Survey on Surgically Treated Gastric Cancers in 2023
Dong Jin Kim, Jeong Ho Song, Ji-Hyeon Park, Sojung Kim, Sin Hye Park, Cheol Min Shin, Yoonjin Kwak, Kyunghye Bang, Chung-sik Gong, Sung Eun Oh, Yoo Min Kim, Young Suk Park, Jeesun Kim, Ji Eun Jung, Mi Ran Jung, Bang Wool Eom, Ki Bum Park, Jae Hun Chung, S Journal of Gastric Cancer.2025; 25(1): 115. CrossRef - A Comprehensive and Comparative Review of Global Gastric Cancer Treatment Guidelines: 2024 Update
Sang Soo Eom, Keun Won Ryu, Hye Sook Han, Seong-Ho Kong Journal of Gastric Cancer.2025; 25(1): 153. CrossRef - Korea, Japan, Europe, and the United States: Why are guidelines for gastric cancer different?
Emily E. Stroobant, Seong-Ho Kong, Maria Bencivenga, Takahiro Kinoshita, Tae-Han Kim, Takeshi Sano, Giovanni de Manzoni, Han-Kwang Yang, Yuko Kitagawa, Vivian E. Strong Gastric Cancer.2025;[Epub] CrossRef - Genomic and Transcriptomic Characterization of Gastric Cancer with Bone Metastasis
Sujin Oh, Soo Kyung Nam, Keun-Wook Lee, Hye Seung Lee, Yujun Park, Yoonjin Kwak, Kyu Sang Lee, Ji-Won Kim, Jin Won Kim, Minsu Kang, Young Suk Park, Sang-Hoon Ahn, Yun-Suhk Suh, Do Joong Park, Hyung Ho Kim Cancer Research and Treatment.2024; 56(1): 219. CrossRef - Microscopic tumor mapping of post-neoadjuvant therapy pancreatic cancer specimens to predict post-surgical recurrence: A prospective cohort study
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Elliott J. Yee, Danielle Gilbert, Jeffrey Kaplan, Sachin Wani, Sunnie S. Kim, Martin D. McCarter, Camille L. Stewart Cancers.2024; 16(7): 1428. CrossRef - Interpretation of PD-L1 expression in gastric cancer: summary of a consensus meeting of Korean gastrointestinal pathologists
Soomin Ahn, Yoonjin Kwak, Gui Young Kwon, Kyoung-Mee Kim, Moonsik Kim, Hyunki Kim, Young Soo Park, Hyeon Jeong Oh, Kyoungyul Lee, Sung Hak Lee, Hye Seung Lee Journal of Pathology and Translational Medicine.2024; 58(3): 103. CrossRef - Expression of claudin 18.2 in poorly cohesive carcinoma and its association with clinicopathologic parameters in East Asian patients
Moonsik Kim, Byung Woog Kang, Jihyun Park, Jin Ho Baek, Jong Gwang Kim Pathology - Research and Practice.2024; 263: 155628. CrossRef - Clinicopathological analysis of claudin 18.2 focusing on intratumoral heterogeneity and survival in patients with metastatic or unresectable gastric cancer
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- HER2 status in breast cancer: changes in guidelines and complicating factors for interpretation
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Soomin Ahn, Ji Won Woo, Kyoungyul Lee, So Yeon Park
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J Pathol Transl Med. 2020;54(1):34-44. Published online November 6, 2019
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.4132/jptm.2019.11.03
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- Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) protein overexpression and/or HER2 gene amplification is found in about 20% of invasive breast cancers. It is a sole predictive marker for treatment benefits from HER2 targeted therapy and thus, HER2 testing is a routine practice for newly diagnosed breast cancer in pathology. Currently, HER2 immunohistochemistry (IHC) is used for a screening test, and in situ hybridization is used as a confirmation test for HER2 IHC equivocal cases. Since the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)/College of American Pathologists (CAP) guidelines on HER2 testing was first released in 2007, it has been updated to provide clear instructions for HER2 testing and accurate determination of HER2 status in breast cancer. During HER2 interpretation, some pitfalls such as intratumoral HER2 heterogeneity and increase in chromosome enumeration probe 17 signals may lead to inaccurate assessment of HER2 status. Moreover, HER2 status can be altered after neoadjuvant chemotherapy or during metastatic progression, due to biologic or methodologic issues. This review addresses recent updates of ASCO/CAP guidelines and factors complicating in the interpretation of HER2 status in breast cancers.
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Mengxue Zhang Highlights in Science, Engineering and Technology.2022; 14: 44. CrossRef - An Overview of Clinical Development of Agents for Metastatic or Advanced Breast Cancer Without ERBB2 Amplification (HER2-Low)
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Yu-Xin Wang, Feng-Lian Li, Li-Xin Du, Jun-Fang Liu, Li-Gang Huo, Shu-Qing Li, Bin Tian Cancer Management and Research.2021; Volume 13: 6123. CrossRef - Targeting HER2 protein in individual cells using ICP-MS detection and its potential as prognostic and predictive breast cancer biomarker
A. Fernández Asensio, M. Corte-Rodríguez, J. Bettmer, L.M. Sierra, M. Montes-Bayón, E. Blanco- González Talanta.2021; 235: 122773. CrossRef - Development of a 99mTc-Labeled Single-Domain Antibody for SPECT/CT Assessment of HER2 Expression in Breast Cancer
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Emad A. Rakha, Islam M. Miligy, Cecily M. Quinn, Elena Provenzano, Abeer M. Shaaban, Caterina Marchiò, Michael S. Toss, Grace Gallagy, Ciara Murray, Janice Walshe, Ayaka Katayama, Karim Eldib, Nahla Badr, Bruce Tanchel, Rebecca Millican-Slater, Colin Purd British Journal of Cancer.2021; 124(11): 1836. CrossRef - Loss of HER2‐positivity following neoadjuvant targeted therapy for breast cancer is not associated with inferior oncologic outcomes
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L. De Cock, J. Heylen, A. Wildiers, K. Punie, A. Smeets, C. Weltens, P. Neven, J. Billen, A. Laenen, H. Wildiers ESMO Open.2021; 6(4): 100203. CrossRef - Standardized Pathology Report for Breast Cancer
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Suresh Kumar Bondili, Ravindra Nandhana, Vanita Noronha, Swayamprabha Pawar, Nandini Menon, Omshree Shetty, Anuradha Chougule, Abhishek Mahajan, Rajiv Kumar, Vijay M. Patil, Amit Joshi, Kumar Prabhash Cancer Research, Statistics, and Treatment.2021; 4(2): 374. CrossRef - UCNP-based Photoluminescent Nanomedicines for Targeted Imaging and Theranostics of Cancer
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- Combined Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Neuroendocrine Carcinoma with Ectopic Secretion of Parathyroid Hormone: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
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Hyun Jung Kwon, Ji-Won Kim, Haeryoung Kim, YoungRok Choi, Soomin Ahn
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J Pathol Transl Med. 2018;52(4):232-237. Published online May 25, 2018
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.4132/jptm.2018.05.17
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Abstract
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- Primary combined hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and neuroendocrine carcinoma is a rare entity, and so is hypercalcemia due to ectopic parathyroid hormone (PTH) secretion by tumor. A 44-year old man with hepatitis B virus associated chronic liver disease presented with a hepatic mass. Hemihepatectomy discovered the mass as combined HCC and poorly differentiated cholangiocarcinoma. During adjuvant chemoradiation therapy, he presented with nausea, and multiple systemic metastases were found. Laboratory tests revealed hypercalcemia with markedly elevated PTH and neuron specific enolase. Parathyroid scan showed normal uptake in parathyroid glands, suggestive of ectopic PTH secretion. Subsequently, immunohistochemistry of neuroendocrine marker was performed on the primary lesion, and confirmed the neuroendocrine differentiation in non-HCC component. The patient died 71 days after surgery. This report may suggest the possibility of ectopic PTH secretion by neuroendocrine carcinoma of hepatic origin causing hypercalcemia. Caution for neuroendocrine differentiation should be exercised when diagnosing poorly differentiated HCC.
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- Mixed glandular neuroendocrine carcinoma of the endometrium with hypercalcemic crisis
Mei Luo, Xiaoxia Yu, Zhongpei Chen, Zhenhan Li The American Journal of the Medical Sciences.2025; 369(2): 281. CrossRef - Combined Neuroendocrine Carcinoma and Hepatocellular Carcinoma of the Liver: Systematic Literature Review Suggests Implementing Biological Characterization to Optimize Therapeutic Strategy
Daniela Sambataro, Sandro Bellavia, Paolo Di Mattia, Danilo Centonze, Carmela Emmanuele, Annalisa Bonasera, Giuseppe Caputo, Andrea Maria Onofrio Quattrocchi, Ernesto Vinci, Vittorio Gebbia, Maria Rosaria Valerio Cancers.2025; 17(7): 1074. CrossRef - Case report: mixed large-cell neuroendocrine and hepatocellular carcinoma of the liver
Xin Gao, Heng Wang, Zheyu Niu, Meng Liu, Xiaohan Kong, Hongrui Sun, Chaoqun Ma, Huaqiang Zhu, Jun Lu, Xu Zhou Frontiers in Oncology.2024;[Epub] CrossRef - Mixed Primary Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Hepatic Neuroendocrine Carcinoma: Case Report and Literature Review
Woo Young Shin, Keon Young Lee, Kyeong Deok Kim Medicina.2023; 59(2): 418. CrossRef - Comparison of Metastatic Patterns Among Neuroendocrine Tumors, Neuroendocrine Carcinomas, and Nonneuroendocrine Carcinomas of Various Primary Organs
Hyung Kyu Park, Ghee Young Kwon Journal of Korean Medical Science.2023;[Epub] CrossRef - Immunohistochemical characterization of a steroid-secreting oncocytic adrenal carcinoma responsible for paraneoplastic hyperparathyroidism
Magalie Haissaguerre, Estelle Louiset, Christofer C Juhlin, Adam Stenman, Christophe Laurent, Hélène Trouette, Hervé Lefebvre, Antoine Tabarin European Journal of Endocrinology.2023; 188(4): K11. CrossRef - Neuroendocrine neoplasms of the biliary tree, liver and pancreas: a pathological approach
Claudio Luchini, Giuseppe Pelosi, Aldo Scarpa, Paola Mattiolo, Deborah Marchiori, Roberta Maragliano, Fausto Sessa, Silvia Uccella Pathologica.2021; 113(1): 28. CrossRef - Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound Findings of Hepatocellular Carcinoma With Neuroendocrine Carcinoma: A Case Report
Hong Wang, Dan Yang, Zhenru Wu, Yan Luo, Wenwu Ling Frontiers in Medicine.2021;[Epub] CrossRef - Combined primary hepatic neuroendocrine carcinoma and hepatocellular carcinoma: case report and literature review
Akira Nakano, Kenichi Hirabayashi, Hiroshi Yamamuro, Taro Mashiko, Yoshihito Masuoka, Seiichiro Yamamoto, Soji Ozawa, Toshio Nakagohri World Journal of Surgical Oncology.2021;[Epub] CrossRef - Hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with renal dysfunction: Pathophysiology, prognosis, and treatment challenges
Hsuan Yeh, Chung-Cheng Chiang, Tzung-Hai Yen World Journal of Gastroenterology.2021; 27(26): 4104. CrossRef - Severe hypercalcaemia from ectopic intact parathyroid hormone secretion treated with continuous renal replacement therapy in a patient with two malignancies
Nathaniel Hocker, Maria Story, Alysa Lerud, Sarat Kuppachi BMJ Case Reports.2021; 14(6): e242172. CrossRef - Parathyroid Carcinoma and Ectopic Secretion of Parathyroid hormone
Filomena Cetani, Elena Pardi, Claudio Marcocci Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America.2021; 50(4): 683. CrossRef - Primary hepatic neuroendocrine cancer coexisted with hepatocellular carcinoma: a case report
Chikara Ebisutani, Seitetsu Yoon, Toshiki Hyodo, Takafumi Watanabe, Hirofumi Okada, Yutaka Shirakawa, Yoshio Sakamoto, Shigeya Hirohata Kanzo.2020; 61(3): 122. CrossRef - Two-in-one: A pooled analysis of primary hepatic neuroendocrine carcinoma combined/collided with hepatocellular carcinoma
Jia-Xi Mao, Fei Teng, Ke-Yan Sun, Cong Liu, Guo-Shan Ding, Wen-Yuan Guo Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International.2020; 19(4): 399. CrossRef - Primary hepatic neuroendocrine carcinoma coexisting with distal cholangiocarcinoma
Qi Xin, Rong Lv, Cheng Lou, Zhe Ma, Gui-Qiu Liu, Qin Zhang, Hai-Bo Yu, Chuan-Shan Zhang Medicine.2020; 99(26): e20854. CrossRef - Mixed hepatocellular carcinoma-neuroendocrine carcinoma—A diagnostic and therapeutic challenge
Nusrat Jahan, Irfan Warraich, Edwin Onkendi, Sanjay Awasthi Current Problems in Cancer: Case Reports.2020; 1: 100020. CrossRef
- The Clinicopathological and Prognostic Significance of the Gross Classification of Hepatocellular Carcinoma
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Yangkyu Lee, Hyunjin Park, Hyejung Lee, Jai Young Cho, Yoo-Seok Yoon, Young-Rok Choi, Ho-Seong Han, Eun Sun Jang, Jin-Wook Kim, Sook-Hyang Jeong, Soomin Ahn, Haeryoung Kim
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J Pathol Transl Med. 2018;52(2):85-92. Published online November 24, 2017
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.4132/jptm.2017.11.13
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- Background
We aimed to determine the clinicopathological significance of the gross classification of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) according to the Korean Liver Cancer Association (KLCA) guidelines.
Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on 242 cases of consecutively resected solitary primary HCC between 2003 and 2012 at Seoul National University Bundang Hospital. The gross classification (vaguely nodular [VN], expanding nodular [EN], multinodular confluent [MC], nodular with perinodular extension [NP], and infiltrative [INF]) was reviewed for all cases, and were correlated with various clinicopathological features and the expression status of “stemness”-related (cytokeratin 19 [CK19], epithelial cell adhesion molecule [EpCAM]), and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)–related (urokinase plasminogen activator receptor [uPAR] and Ezrin) markers.
Results Significant differences were seen in overall survival (p=.015) and disease-free survival (p = .034) according to the gross classification; INF type showed the worst prognosis while VN and EN types were more favorable. When the gross types were simplified into two groups, type 2 HCCs (MC/NP/INF) were more frequently larger and poorly differentiated, and showed more frequent microvascular and portal venous invasion, intratumoral fibrous stroma and higher pT stages compared to type 1 HCCs (EN/VN) (p<.05, all). CK19, EpCAM, uPAR, and ezrin expression was more frequently seen in type 2 HCCs (p<.05, all). Gross classification was an independent predictor of both overall and disease-free survival by multivariate analysis (overall survival: p=.030; hazard ratio, 4.118; 95% confidence interval, 1.142 to 14.844; disease-free survival: p=.016; hazard ratio, 1.617; 95% confidence interval, 1.092 to 2.394).
Conclusions The gross classification of HCC had significant prognostic value and type 2 HCCs were associated with clinicopathological features of aggressive behavior, increased expression of “stemness”- and EMT-related markers, and decreased survival.
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- Pulmonary Arteriovenous Fistula: Clinical and Histologic Spectrum of Four Cases
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Soomin Ahn, Joungho Han, Hong Kwan Kim, Tae Sung Kim
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J Pathol Transl Med. 2016;50(5):390-393. Published online May 9, 2016
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.4132/jptm.2016.04.18
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9,861
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- Pulmonary arteriovenous fistula (PAVF) is abnormally dilated vessels that provide a right-to-left shunt between pulmonary artery and pulmonary vein and is clinically divided into simple and complex type. Here, we report four cases of surgically resected sporadic PAVFs presenting various clinical and histologic spectrums. Cases 1 (a 57-old-female) and 2 (a 54-old-female) presented as incidentally identified single aneurysmal fistulas and the lesions were surgically removed without complication. On the other hand, case 3 (an 11-old-male) showed diffuse dilated vascular sacs involving both lungs and caused severe hemodynamic and pulmonary dysfunction. Embolization and surgical resection of the main lesion failed to relieve the symptoms. Case 4 (a 36-old-male) had a localized multiloculated cyst clinically mimicking congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation. Microscopically, the lesion consisted of dilated thick vessels, consistent with the diagnosis of fistulous arteriovenous malformation/hemangioma.
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Brittany M. Scarpato, Jamie McDonald, Pinar Bayrak-Toydemir, C. Gregory Elliott, Barbara C. Cahill, Lyska L. Emerson, Lynn M. Keenan Chest.2023; 163(5): e201. CrossRef - Malformations artérioveineuses pulmonaires : diagnostic et étiologies
M.-F. Carette, R. Epaud, M. Nouri Neuville, M. Barral, A. Parrot, A. Khalil EMC - Radiologie et imagerie médicale - Cardiovasculaire - Thoracique - Cervicale.2021; 39(1): 1. CrossRef - Pyogenic Brain Abscesses in a Patient With Digital Clubbing
Vimal Kumar Paliwal, Sucharita Anand, Vivek Singh JAMA Neurology.2020; 77(1): 129. CrossRef - Recurrent hemoptysis caused by arteriovenous malformation
Ivana Meta-Jevtović, Romana Suša, Bojan Đokić Medicinski casopis.2020; 54(3): 120. CrossRef - A 10-year-old boy with dyspnea and hypoxia: abernathy malformation masquerading as pulmonary arteriovenous fistula
Lijian Xie, Yun Li, Xunwei Jiang, Jian Zhao, Tingting Xiao BMC Pediatrics.2019;[Epub] CrossRef - Characteristics and analysis of right-to-left shunt-related dizziness in patients without hypoxemia
Liming Cao Journal of International Medical Research.2019; 47(7): 2921. CrossRef - A ruptured pulmonary arteriovenous fistula after laparoscopic operation
Hong-Wei Shang, Sheng-Bin Sun, Guang-Yao Ma, Xing-Ming Mei, Chao Li, Kang Yang Chinese Journal of Traumatology.2017; 20(6): 359. CrossRef
- Transformation to Small Cell Lung Cancer of Pulmonary Adenocarcinoma: Clinicopathologic Analysis of Six Cases
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Soomin Ahn, Soo Hyun Hwang, Joungho Han, Yoon-La Choi, Se-Hoon Lee, Jin Seok Ahn, Keunchil Park, Myung-Ju Ahn, Woong-Yang Park
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J Pathol Transl Med. 2016;50(4):258-263. Published online May 10, 2016
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.4132/jptm.2016.04.19
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Abstract
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- Background
Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) are considered the first line treatment for a subset of EGFR-mutated non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. Although transformation to small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is one of the known mechanisms of resistance to EGFR TKIs, it is not certain whether transformation to SCLC is exclusively found as a mechanism of TKI resistance in EGFR-mutant tumors.
Methods We identified six patients with primary lung adenocarcinoma that showed transformation to SCLC on second biopsy (n = 401) during a 6-year period. Clinicopathologic information was analyzed and EGFR mutation results were compared between initial and second biopsy samples.
Results Six patients showed transformation from adenocarcinoma to SCLC, of which four were pure SCLCs and two were combined adenocarcinoma and SCLCs. Clinically, four cases were EGFR-mutant tumors from non-smoking females who underwent TKI treatment, and the EGFR mutation was retained in the transformed SCLC tumors. The remaining two adenocarcinomas were EGFR wild-type, and one of these patients received EGFR TKI treatment.
Conclusions NSCLC can acquire a neuroendocrine phenotype with or without EGFR TKI treatment.
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- A Rare Case of Pulmonary Arteriovenous Hemangioma Presenting as a Peribronchial Mass
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Soomin Ahn, Sejin Jung, Jong Ho Cho, Tae Sung Kim, Joungho Han
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J Pathol Transl Med. 2016;50(3):243-245. Published online November 17, 2015
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.4132/jptm.2015.10.15
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- Incidental discovery of a large complicated arteriovenous haemangioma
Alberto Anthony Goizueta, Peter Libbey, Anthony Moulton, Rabih El-Bizri BMJ Case Reports.2017; : bcr-2016-218759. CrossRef - Pulmonary Arteriovenous Fistula: Clinical and Histologic Spectrum of Four Cases
Soomin Ahn, Joungho Han, Hong Kwan Kim, Tae Sung Kim Journal of Pathology and Translational Medicine.2016; 50(5): 390. CrossRef
- Pleural Mesothelioma: An Institutional Experience of 66 Cases
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Soomin Ahn, In Ho Choi, Joungho Han, Jhingook Kim, Myung-Ju Ahn
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Korean J Pathol. 2014;48(2):91-99. Published online April 28, 2014
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.4132/KoreanJPathol.2014.48.2.91
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Abstract
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- Background
Malignant mesothelioma of the pleura is an aggressive tumor known to be associated with asbestos. Histological diagnosis of mesothelioma is challenging and is usually aided by immunohistochemical markers. MethodsDuring an 18-year period (1995-2012), 66 patients with pleural mesothelioma were diagnosed at the Samsung Medical Center in Seoul. We reviewed hematoxylin and eosin and immunohistochemical slides of pleural mesothelioma and evaluated their pathological and clinical features. ResultsThe male-to-female ratio was 1.75:1, and age of patients ranged from 28 to 80 years with an average age of 56.84 years. Twenty-two out of 66 patients underwent curative pneumonectomy. Follow-up data was available in 60 patients (90.9%), and 50 of them (83.3%) died from the disease. The average overall survival was 15.39 months. Histologically, the epithelioid type was the most common, followed by the sarcomatoid and the biphasic types. Epidemiologic information was not available in most cases, and only one patient was confirmed to have a history of asbestos exposure. ConclusionsMalignant mesothelioma of the pleura is a fatal tumor, and the therapeutic benefit of pneumonectomy remains unproven. The combination of calretinin, Wilms tumor 1, HMBE-1, and thyroid transcription factor-1 may provide high diagnostic accuracy in diagnosing mesothelioma.
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- Expression of V-set immunoregulatory receptor in malignant mesothelioma
Yeon Seung Chung, Moonsik Kim, Yoon Jin Cha, Kyung A Kim, Hyo Sup Shim Modern Pathology.2020; 33(2): 263. CrossRef - Is the pathology related to the amount of pleural thickening measured by thorax CT?
özgür katrancıoğlu, Tuba Sahinoglu, Kayhan Karakus, Ozan Kandemir, Semiha Urvay, Esra Aydın Karakaya, Nurkay Katrancioglu Cumhuriyet Medical Journal.2018; 40(2): 157. CrossRef
- Comparison of Three BRAF Mutation Tests in Formalin-Fixed Paraffin Embedded Clinical Samples
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Soomin Ahn, Jeeyun Lee, Ji-Youn Sung, So Young Kang, Sang Yun Ha, Kee-Taek Jang, Yoon-La Choi, Jung-Sun Kim, Young Lyun Oh, Kyoung-Mee Kim
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Korean J Pathol. 2013;47(4):348-354. Published online August 26, 2013
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.4132/KoreanJPathol.2013.47.4.348
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8,509
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- Background
Recently, BRAF inhibitors showed dramatic treatment outcomes in BRAF V600 mutant melanoma. Therefore, the accuracy of BRAF mutation test is critical. MethodsBRAF mutations were tested by dual-priming oligonucleotide-polymerase chain reaction (DPO-PCR), direct sequencing and subsequently retested with a real-time PCR assay, cobas 4800 V600 mutation test. In total, 64 tumors including 34 malignant melanomas and 16 papillary thyroid carcinomas were analyzed. DNA was extracted from formalin-fixed paraffin embedded tissue samples and the results of cobas test were directly compared with those of DPO-PCR and direct sequencing. ResultsBRAF mutations were found in 23 of 64 (35.9%) tumors. There was 9.4% discordance among 3 methods. Out of 6 discordant cases, 4 cases were melanomas; 3 cases were BRAF V600E detected only by cobas test, but were not detected by DPO-PCR and direct sequencing. One melanoma patient with BRAF mutation detected only by cobas test has been on vemurafenib treatment for 6 months and showed a dramatic response to vemurafenib. DPO-PCR failed to detect V600K mutation in one case identified by both direct sequencing and cobas test. ConclusionsIn direct comparison of the currently available DPO-PCR, direct sequencing and real-time cobas test for BRAF mutation, real-time PCR assay is the most sensitive method.
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- Preoperative BRAFV600E mutation detection in thyroid carcinoma by immunocytochemistry
Kristine Zøylner Swan, Stine Horskær Madsen, Steen Joop Bonnema, Viveque Egsgaard Nielsen, Marie Louise Jespersen APMIS.2022; 130(11): 627. CrossRef - Strategy to reduce unnecessary surgeries in thyroid nodules with cytology of Bethesda category III (AUS/FLUS): a retrospective analysis of 667 patients diagnosed by surgery
Yong Joon Suh, Yeon Ju Choi Endocrine.2020; 69(3): 578. CrossRef - A new primer construction technique that effectively increases amplification of rare mutant templates in samples
Jr-Kai Huang, Ling Fan, Tao-Yeuan Wang, Pao-Shu Wu BMC Biotechnology.2019;[Epub] CrossRef - BRAF and NRAS mutations and antitumor immunity in Korean malignant melanomas and their prognostic relevance: Gene set enrichment analysis and CIBERSORT analysis
Kyueng-Whan Min, Ji-Young Choe, Mi Jung Kwon, Hye Kyung Lee, Ho Suk Kang, Eun Sook Nam, Seong Jin Cho, Hye-Rim Park, Soo Kee Min, Jinwon Seo, Yun Joong Kim, Nan Young Kim, Ho Young Kim Pathology - Research and Practice.2019; 215(12): 152671. CrossRef - The association between dermoscopic features and BRAF mutational status in cutaneous melanoma: Significance of the blue-white veil
Miquel Armengot-Carbó, Eduardo Nagore, Zaida García-Casado, Rafael Botella-Estrada Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology.2018; 78(5): 920. CrossRef - Comparison of Five Different Assays for the Detection of BRAF Mutations in Formalin-Fixed Paraffin Embedded Tissues of Patients with Metastatic Melanoma
Claire Franczak, Julia Salleron, Cindy Dubois, Pierre Filhine-Trésarrieu, Agnès Leroux, Jean-Louis Merlin, Alexandre Harlé Molecular Diagnosis & Therapy.2017; 21(2): 209. CrossRef - Validation of an NGS mutation detection panel for melanoma
Anne Reiman, Hugh Kikuchi, Daniela Scocchia, Peter Smith, Yee Wah Tsang, David Snead, Ian A Cree BMC Cancer.2017;[Epub] CrossRef - Transformation to Small Cell Lung Cancer of Pulmonary Adenocarcinoma: Clinicopathologic Analysis of Six Cases
Soomin Ahn, Soo Hyun Hwang, Joungho Han, Yoon-La Choi, Se-Hoon Lee, Jin Seok Ahn, Keunchil Park, Myung-Ju Ahn, Woong-Yang Park Journal of Pathology and Translational Medicine.2016; 50(4): 258. CrossRef - Immunohistochemistry with the anti-BRAF V600E (VE1) antibody: impact of pre-analytical conditions and concordance with DNA sequencing in colorectal and papillary thyroid carcinoma
Katerina Dvorak, Birte Aggeler, John Palting, Penny McKelvie, Andrew Ruszkiewicz, Paul Waring Pathology.2014; 46(6): 509. CrossRef
- Prognostic Significance of BCL9 Expression in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
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Jiyeon Hyeon, Soomin Ahn, Jae Jun Lee, Dae Hyun Song, Cheol-Keun Park
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Korean J Pathol. 2013;47(2):130-136. Published online April 24, 2013
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.4132/KoreanJPathol.2013.47.2.130
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Abstract
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- Background
BCL9 enhances β-catenin-mediated transcriptional activity regardless of the mutational status of the Wnt signaling components and increases the cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and metastatic potential of tumor cells. The goal of this study was to elucidate the prognostic significance of BCL9 protein expression in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients. MethodsWe evaluated BCL9 protein expression by immunohistochemistry in tumor tissue from 288 primary HCC patients who underwent curative hepatectomy. The impact of BCL9 expression on the survival of the patients was analyzed. The median follow-up period was 97.1 months. ResultsNuclear BCL9 protein expression was observed in 74 (25.7%) of the 288 HCCs. BCL9 expression was significantly associated with younger age (p=0.038), higher Edmondson grade (p=0.001), microvascular invasion (p=0.013), and intrahepatic metastasis (p=0.017). Based on univariate analyses, BCL9 expression showed an unfavorable influence on both disease-free survival (DFS, p=0.012) and disease-specific survival (DSS, p=0.032). Multivariate analyses revealed that higher Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer stage was an independent predictor of both shorter DFS (p<0.001) and shorter DSS (p<0.001). BCL9 expression tended to be an independent predictor of shorter DFS (p=0.078). ConclusionsBCL9 protein expression might be a marker of shorter DFS in HCC patients after curative hepatectomy.
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Citations
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- The Wnt-dependent and Wnt-independent functions of BCL9 in development, tumorigenesis, and immunity: Implications in therapeutic opportunities
Minjie Wu, Heng Dong, Chao Xu, Mengqing Sun, Haojin Gao, Fangtian Bu, Jianxiang Chen Genes & Diseases.2024; 11(2): 701. CrossRef - The role of BCL9 genetic variation as a biomarker for hepatitis C-related hepatocellular carcinoma in Egyptian patients
Eman Abd El Razek Abbas, Ahmed Barakat Barakat, Mohamed Hassany, Samar Samir Youssef Journal of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology.2022; 20(1): 4. CrossRef - Molecular Targets and Signaling Pathways of microRNA-122 in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Kwang-Hoon Chun Pharmaceutics.2022; 14(7): 1380. CrossRef - Wnt/β-Catenin Signalling and Its Cofactor BCL9L Have an Oncogenic Effect in Bladder Cancer Cells
Roland Kotolloshi, Mieczyslaw Gajda, Marc-Oliver Grimm, Daniel Steinbach International Journal of Molecular Sciences.2022; 23(10): 5319. CrossRef - Bcl9 Depletion Modulates Endothelial Cell in Tumor Immune Microenvironment in Colorectal Cancer Tumor
Zhuang Wei, Mei Feng, Zhongen Wu, Shuru Shen, Di Zhu Frontiers in Oncology.2021;[Epub] CrossRef - Wnt Signaling Pathway Is among the Drivers of Liver Metastasis
Ivana Samaržija Livers.2021; 1(4): 180. CrossRef - Nuclear Expression of Pygo2 Correlates with Poorly Differentiated State Involving c-Myc, PCNA and Bcl9 in Myanmar Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Myo Win Htun, Yasuaki Shibata, Kyaw Soe, Takehiko Koji ACTA HISTOCHEMICA ET CYTOCHEMICA.2021; 54(6): 195. CrossRef - Wnt status-dependent oncogenic role of BCL9 and BCL9L in hepatocellular carcinoma
Nicole Huge, Maria Sandbothe, Anna K. Schröder, Amelie Stalke, Marlies Eilers, Vera Schäffer, Brigitte Schlegelberger, Thomas Illig, Beate Vajen, Britta Skawran Hepatology International.2020; 14(3): 373. CrossRef - Structure and function of Pygo in organ development dependent and independent Wnt signalling
Yan Shi, Xiushan Wu, Shuoji Zhu, Huanlei Huang, Jian Zhuang, Haiyun Yuan, Wuzhou Yuan, Ping Zhu Biochemical Society Transactions.2020; 48(4): 1781. CrossRef - BCL9/BCL9L in hepatocellular carcinoma: will it or Wnt it be the next therapeutic target?
Akshata Moghe, Satdarshan P. Monga Hepatology International.2020; 14(4): 460. CrossRef - Loss of BCL9/9l suppresses Wnt driven tumourigenesis in models that recapitulate human cancer
David M. Gay, Rachel A. Ridgway, Miryam Müller, Michael C. Hodder, Ann Hedley, William Clark, Joshua D. Leach, Rene Jackstadt, Colin Nixon, David J. Huels, Andrew D. Campbell, Thomas G. Bird, Owen J. Sansom Nature Communications.2019;[Epub] CrossRef - Immunohistochemical Mapping of Bcl9 Using Two Antibodies that Recognize Different Epitopes Is Useful to Characterize Juvenile Development of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Myanmar
Myat Thu Soe, Yasuaki Shibata, Myo Win Htun, Kuniko Abe, Kyaw Soe, Nay Win Than, Thann Lwin, Myat Phone Kyaw, Takehiko Koji ACTA HISTOCHEMICA ET CYTOCHEMICA.2019; 52(1): 9. CrossRef - Low BCL9 expression inhibited ovarian epithelial malignant tumor progression by decreasing proliferation, migration, and increasing apoptosis to cancer cells
Jing Wang, Mingjun Zheng, Liancheng Zhu, Lu Deng, Xiao Li, Linging Gao, Caixia Wang, Huimin Wang, Juanjuan Liu, Bei Lin Cancer Cell International.2019;[Epub] CrossRef - SOX7 Suppresses Wnt Signaling by Disrupting β-Catenin/BCL9 Interaction
Rong Fan, HaiYan He, Wang Yao, YanFeng Zhu, XunJie Zhou, MingTai Gui, Jing Lu, Hao Xi, ZhongLong Deng, Min Fan DNA and Cell Biology.2018; 37(2): 126. CrossRef - Hypoxia activates Wnt/β-catenin signaling by regulating the expression of BCL9 in human hepatocellular carcinoma
Wei Xu, Wang Zhou, Mo Cheng, Jing Wang, Zhian Liu, Shaohui He, Xiangji Luo, Wending Huang, Tianrui Chen, Wangjun Yan, Jianru Xiao Scientific Reports.2017;[Epub] CrossRef - Hepatocellular carcinoma biology predicts survival outcome after liver transplantation in the USA
Mohamed Abd El-Fattah Indian Journal of Gastroenterology.2017; 36(2): 117. CrossRef - miR-30a acts as a tumor suppressor by double-targeting COX-2 and BCL9 in H. pylori gastric cancer models
Xuan Liu, Qing Ji, Chengcheng Zhang, Xiaowei Liu, Yanna Liu, Ningning Liu, Hua Sui, Lihong Zhou, Songpo Wang, Qi Li Scientific Reports.2017;[Epub] CrossRef - BCL9, a coactivator for Wnt/β-catenin transcription, is targeted by miR-30c and is associated with prostate cancer progression
XIAO-HUI LING, ZHI-YUN CHEN, HONG-WEI LUO, ZE-ZHEN LIU, YING-KE LIANG, GUAN-XING CHEN, FU-NENG JIANG, WEI-DE ZHONG Oncology Letters.2016; 11(3): 2001. CrossRef
- CHD1L Is a Marker for Poor Prognosis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma after Surgical Resection
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Jiyeon Hyeon, Soomin Ahn, Cheol-Keun Park
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Korean J Pathol. 2013;47(1):9-15. Published online February 25, 2013
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.4132/KoreanJPathol.2013.47.1.9
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8,165
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Abstract
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- Background
The gene for chromodomain helicase/ATPase DNA binding protein 1-like (CHD1L) was recently identified as a target oncogene within the 1q21 amplicon, which occurs in 46% to 86% of primary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cases. However, the prognostic significance of CHD1L in HCC remains uncertain. In this study, we investigated the roles of CHD1L in the prognosis of HCC. MethodsWe investigated the expressions of CHD1L in tumor tissue microarrays of 281 primary HCC patients who underwent surgical resection using immunohistochemistry. Prognostic factors of HCC were examined by univariate and multivariate analyses. The median follow-up period was 75.6 months. ResultsCHD1L expression was observed in 48 of the 281 HCCs (17.1%). CHD1L expression was associated with a younger age (p=0.033), higher Edmondson grade (p=0.019), microvascular invasion (p<0.001), major portal vein invasion (p=0.037), higher American Joint Committee on Cancer T stage (p=0.001), lower albumin level (p=0.047), and higher α-fetoprotein level (p=0.002). Multivariate analyses revealed that CHD1L expression (p=0.027), Edmondson grade III (p=0.034), and higher Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer stage (p<0.001) were independent predictors of shorter disease-free survival. ConclusionsCHD1L expression might be a prognostic marker of shorter disease-free survival in HCC patients after surgical resection.
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Hector Esquer, Qiong Zhou, Daniel V. LaBarbera Cells.2025; 14(5): 318. CrossRef - The validation of new CHD1L inhibitors as a therapeutic strategy for cancer
Sophia Clune, Paul Awolade, Qiong Zhou, Hector Esquer, Brock Matter, Jeffrey T. Kearns, Timothy Kellett, Damilola Caleb Akintayo, Uday B. Kompella, Daniel V. LaBarbera Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy.2024; 170: 116037. CrossRef - Role of pelitinib in the regulation of migration and invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma cells via inhibition of Twist1
Sewoong Lee, Eunjeong Kang, Unju Lee, Sayeon Cho BMC Cancer.2023;[Epub] CrossRef - Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of the First Inhibitors of Oncogenic CHD1L
Brett J. Prigaro, Hector Esquer, Qiong Zhou, Laura A. Pike, Paul Awolade, Xin-He Lai, Adedoyin D. Abraham, Joshua M. Abbott, Brock Matter, Uday B. Kompella, Wells A. Messersmith, Daniel L. Gustafson, Daniel V. LaBarbera Journal of Medicinal Chemistry.2022; 65(5): 3943. CrossRef - Diversity roles of CHD1L in normal cell function and tumorigenesis
Xifeng Xiong, Xudong Lai, Aiguo Li, Zhihe Liu, Ningfang Ma Biomarker Research.2021;[Epub] CrossRef - Elevated serum alpha-fetoprotein levels are associated with poor prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma after surgical resection: A systematic review and meta-analysis
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- Clinicopathological Analysis of 21 Thymic Neuroendocrine Tumors
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Soomin Ahn, Jae Jun Lee, Sang Yun Ha, Chang Ohk Sung, Jhingook Kim, Joungho Han
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Korean J Pathol. 2012;46(3):221-225. Published online June 22, 2012
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.4132/KoreanJPathol.2012.46.3.221
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- Background
Thymic neuroendocrine carcinomas (NECs) are uncommon, for which there is no established information available because of a limited number of epidemiological study in Asia. MethodsWe reviewed 21 cases of surgically resected thymic NECs, and evaluated their pathological and clinical features. ResultsIt showed male predominance (male/female ratio, 15/6) with wide age range from 20 to 72 years (mean age, 49 years). All 21 cases were divided into two types according to the World Health Organization criteria: atypical carcinoid (n=18) and large cell NEC (n=3). Three cases of atypical carcinoid (AC) were associated with ectopic Cushing's syndrome. All the patients (3/3) with large cell NEC (3/3) and 16.7% (3/18) of those with AC died of tumor progression. Common sites of metastasis included lung, lymph node, brain, lumbar spine, mediastinum, bone, and liver. ConclusionsIn conclusion, thymic neuroendocrine tumors carry a poor prognosis. Regarding the tumor classification, our results showed that a vast majority of carcinoids in the thymus correspond to ACs. In addition, our results also indicate that typical carcinoid is a very rare entity. Some cases of AC exhibited a large size, solid pattern and they showed aggressive clinical behavior, which highlights the spectrum of histologic appearances of thymic NECs.
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Naoko Ose, Hajime Maeda, Masayoshi Inoue, Eiichi Morii, Yasushi Shintani, Hiroshi Matsui, Hirohito Tada, Tositeru Tokunaga, Kenji Kimura, Yasushi Sakamaki, Yukiyasu Takeuchi, Kenjiro Fukuhara, Hiroshi Katsura, Teruo Iwasaki, Meinoshin Okumura Interactive CardioVascular and Thoracic Surgery.2018; 26(1): 18. CrossRef - Patterns of Failure Following Postoperative Radiation Therapy Based on “Tumor Bed With Margin” for Stage II to IV Type C Thymic Epithelial Tumor
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