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Renal intravascular large B cell lymphoma: the first case report in Korea and a review of the literature
Moonsik Kim, Haerim Chung, Woo Ick Yang, Hyeon Joo Jeong
J Pathol Transl Med. 2020;54(5):426-431.   Published online August 13, 2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4132/jptm.2020.06.18
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AbstractAbstract PDFSupplementary Material
Herein, we describe the first case of renal intravascular large B cell lymphoma in Korea occurring in a 66-year-old female. She presented with mild fever and dyspnea. On physical and laboratory evaluations, hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis was suspected, but the bone marrow biopsy results were unremarkable. During the work-up, massive proteinuria developed, which led to a renal biopsy. The renal architecture was relatively well-preserved, but the glomeruli were hypercellular with the infiltration of atypical, large lymphoid cells with increased nucleus-cytoplasm ratio and clumped chromatin. Similar cells were also present in the peritubular capillaries. The tumor cells exhibited membranous staining for CD20 and CD79a. After the diagnosis of intravascular large B cell lymphoma, the patient received rituximab-based chemotherapy under close follow-up.

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Original Articles
Long Non-coding RNA HOTAIR Expression in Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma: In Relation to Polycomb Repressive Complex Pathway Proteins and H3K27 Trimethylation
Eun Ji Oh, Soo Hee Kim, Woo Ick Yang, Young Hyeh Ko, Sun Och Yoon
J Pathol Transl Med. 2016;50(5):369-376.   Published online August 22, 2016
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4132/jptm.2016.06.06
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  • 25 Web of Science
  • 22 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDF
Background
A long non-coding RNA hox transcript antisense intergenic RNA (HOTAIR) is involved in epigenetic regulation through chromatin remodeling by recruiting polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) proteins (EZH2, SUZ12, and EED) that induce histone H3 trimethylation at lysine 27 (H3K27me3). Deregulation of c-MYC and interaction between c-MYC and EZH2 are well known in lymphomagenesis; however, little is known about the expression status of HOTAIR in diffuse large B-cell lymphomas (DLBCLs).
Methods
The expression status of PRC2 (EZH2, SUZ12, and EED), H3K27me3, c-MYC, and BCL2 was analyzed using immunohistochemistry (n = 231), and HOTAIR was investigated by a quantification real-time polymerase chain reaction method (n = 164) in DLBCLs.
Results
The present study confirmed the positive correlation among PRC2 proteins, H3K27me3, and c-MYC in DLBCLs. Expression level of HOTAIR was also positively correlated to EZH2 (p < .05, respectively). Between c-MYC and HOTAIR, and between c- MYC/BCL2 co-expression and HOTAIR, however, negative correlation was observed in DLBCLs (p < .05, respectively). High level of H3K27me3 was determined as an independent prognostic marker in poor overall survival (hazard ratio, 2.0; p = .023) of DLBCL patients. High expression of HOTAIR, however, was associated with favorable overall survival (p = .004) in the univariate analysis, but the impact was not significant in the multivariate analysis. The favorable outcome of DLBCL with HOTAIR high expression levels may be related to the negative correlation with c- MYC expression or c-MYC/BCL2 co-expression.
Conclusions
HOTAIR expression could be one of possible mechanisms for inducing H3K27me3 via EZH2-related PRC2 activation, and induced H3K27me3 may be strongly related to aggressive DLBCLs which show poor patient outcome.

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Upregulated Neuro-oncological Ventral Antigen 1 (NOVA1) Expression Is Specific to Mature and Immature T- and NK-Cell Lymphomas
Eun Kyung Kim, Sun Och Yoon, Soo Hee Kim, Woo Ick Yang, Yoon Ah Cho, Soo Jeong Kim
J Pathol Transl Med. 2016;50(2):104-112.   Published online February 29, 2016
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4132/jptm.2016.02.08
  • 9,097 View
  • 71 Download
  • 14 Web of Science
  • 13 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDF
Background
Recent studies have revealed that the splicing factor neuro-oncological ventral antigen 1 (NOVA1) is enriched in fibroblasts and accumulated T cells of tertiary lymphoid structures. In the present study, we investigated NOVA1 expression in various subtypes of mature and immature T- and natural killer (NK)-cell lymphomas as well as in various B-cell lymphoma subtypes. Methods: NOVA1 immunoexpression was evaluated in hyperplastic palatine tonsils (n = 20), T- and NK-cell lymphomas (n = 177), diffuse large B-cell lymphomas (n = 151), and other types of B cell lymphomas (n = 31). Nuclear staining intensity and percentage of positive tumor cells were graded. NOVA1 mRNA expression was analyzed in various lymphoma cell lines. Results: Tumor cells of T- and NK-cell lymphomas showed higher expression levels of NOVA1 than did normal paracortical T cells, and 56.5% of T- and NK-cell lymphoma cases showed diffuse and strong expression. The NOVA1 expression level varied according to the subtype; it was higher in angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma, anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)-negative anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL), and T lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma (T-LBL), but it was lower in ALK-positive ALCL. In almost all B-cell lymphomas, NOVA1 expression was very low or negative. NOVA1 mRNA was also expressed in Jurkat, a T-LBL cell line. Conclusions: The present findings suggest that NOVA1 upregulation may be involved in certain subtypes of T- and NK-cell lymphomas, but not in B-cell lymphomas. Upregulated NOVA1 expression seems to be a specific biological feature of activated T cells such as T- and NK-cell lymphomas.

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Brief Case Reports
IgG4-Related Sclerosing Mesenteritis
Seok Joo Lee, Cheol Keun Park, Woo Ick Yang, Sang Kyum Kim
J Pathol Transl Med. 2016;50(4):309-311.   Published online January 11, 2016
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Original Article
Characteristics of Cutaneous Lymphomas in Korea According to the New WHO-EORTC Classification: Report of a Nationwide Study
Jae Ho Han, Young-Hyeh Ko, Yun Kyung Kang, Wan-Seop Kim, Yoon Jung Kim, Insun Kim, Hyun-Jung Kim, Soo Kee Min, Chan-Kum Park, Chan-Sik Park, Bong-Kyung Shin, Woo Ick Yang, Young-Ha Oh, Jong Sil Lee, Juhie Lee, Tae Hui Lee, Hyekyung Lee, Ho Jung Lee, Yoon Kyung Jeon, Hee Jeong Cha, Yoo-Duk Choi, Chul Woo Kim
Korean J Pathol. 2014;48(2):126-132.   Published online April 28, 2014
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4132/KoreanJPathol.2014.48.2.126
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AbstractAbstract PDF
Background

Previously, cutaneous lymphomas were classified according to either the European Organization for the Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) or the World Health Organization (WHO) classification paradigms. The aim of this study was to determine the relative frequency of Korean cutaneous lymphoma according to the new WHO-EORTC classification system.

Methods

A total of 517 patients were recruited during a recent 5 year-period (2006-2010) from 21 institutes and classified according to the WHO-EORTC criteria.

Results

The patients included 298 males and 219 females, and the mean age at diagnosis was 49 years. The lesions preferentially affected the trunk area (40.2%). The most frequent subtypes in order of decreasing prevalence were mycosis fungoides (22.2%), peripheral T-cell lymphoma (17.2%), CD30+ T-cell lymphoproliferative disorder (13.7%), and extranodal natural killer/T (NK/T) cell lymphoma, nasal type (12.0%). Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma accounted for 11.2% of cases, half of which were secondary cutaneous involvement; other types of B-cell lymphoma accounted for less than 1% of cases.

Conclusions

In comparison with data from Western countries, this study revealed relatively lower rates of mycosis fungoides and B-cell lymphoma in Korean patients, as well as higher rates of subcutaneous panniculitis-like T-cell lymphoma and NK/T cell lymphoma.

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    In Sook Lee, You Seon Song, Seung Hyun Lee, Young Jin Choi, Sung Moon Lee
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    Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology.2018;[Epub]     CrossRef
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    Katalin Ferenczi, Hanspaul S. Makkar
    Clinics in Dermatology.2016; 34(6): 749.     CrossRef
Case Report
Rosai-Dorfman Disease in the Breast with Increased IgG4 Expressing Plasma Cells: A Case Report
Yoon Jin Cha, Woo Ick Yang, Se Ho Park, Ja Seung Koo
Korean J Pathol. 2012;46(5):489-493.   Published online October 25, 2012
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4132/KoreanJPathol.2012.46.5.489
  • 7,667 View
  • 52 Download
  • 17 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDF

Rosai-Dorfman disease (RDD) can present in any anatomic site, but breast involvement is rarely reported. Recently, a relationship between RDD and IgG4-related sclerosing disease has been suggested. Here we report another case of RDD with overlapping features of IgG4-related sclerosing disease occurring in a right breast of a 62-year-old female. On microscopic examination, the mass demonstrated a characteristic zonal pattern of proliferation of large polygonal histiocytes and lymphoplasma cells with stromal fibrosis. Emperipolesis was observed in histiocytes with abundant cytoplasm, which showed immunoreactivity for S-100 protein and CD68; the diagnosis of RDD was made. Sheets of plasma cells in the fibrotic stroma demonstrated positive reactions for IgG and IgG4. The mean count of IgG4-positive plasma cells was 100.2/high power field, and the ratio of IgG4/IgG was 56.7%. Additional findings of stromal fibrosis and obliteration of preexisting breast lobules suggested overlapping features with IgG4-related sclerosing disease.

Citations

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  • Diagnosis and management of Rosai–Dorfman disease of the breast: Case report and literature review
    King Lun Jessman Lo, Wai Wun Sara Fung, Chui San Zara Tsang
    Surgical Practice.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Pathology of IgG4-related sclerosing mastitis
    Polycarp Erivwo, Gulisa Turashvili
    Journal of Clinical Pathology.2021; 74(8): 475.     CrossRef
  • Rosai–Dorfman Disease: Breast Involvement—Case Report and Literature Review
    George Iancu, Nicolae Gica, Laura Mihaela Mustata, Anca Maria Panaitescu, Danut Vasile, Gheorghe Peltecu
    Medicina.2021; 57(11): 1167.     CrossRef
  • Sonographic features of Rosai‐Dorfman disease in the breast: A case report
    Gi W. Shin, Young M. Park, Young J. Heo, Jin W. Baek, Yoo J. Lee, Ji Y. Han, Hayoung Park
    Journal of Clinical Ultrasound.2020; 48(2): 108.     CrossRef
  • Rosai-Dorfman Disease of the Breast With Variable IgG4+ Plasma Cells
    Jenny C. Hoffmann, Chieh-Yu Lin, Siddhartha Bhattacharyya, Olga K. Weinberg, Karen M. Chisholm, Michael Bayerl, Michael Cascio, Girish Venkataraman, Kimberly Allison, Megan Troxell, Chung-Che Chang, Adam Bagg, Tracy I. George, Dennis O’Malley, Robert S. O
    American Journal of Surgical Pathology.2019; 43(12): 1653.     CrossRef
  • Rosai-Dorfman disease presenting as a breast mass
    Dai Ding*, Cai Qi, Vohra Nasreen A. , Wong Jan, Therien Zsuzsanna P. , Hewan-Lowe Karlene , Sutton Ann
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  • Erdheim-Chester Disease Involving Lymph Nodes and Liver Clinically Mimicking Lymphoma: A Case Report
    Yeoun Eun Sung, Yoon Seo Lee, Jieun Lee, Kyo Young Lee
    Journal of Pathology and Translational Medicine.2018; 52(3): 183.     CrossRef
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  • Increased Immunoglobulin G4-positive Plasma Cells in Lymphadenoma of the Salivary Gland: An Immunohistochemical Comparison Among Lymphoepithelial Lesions
    Jiyoon Kim, Joon Seon Song, Jong-Lyel Roh, Seung-Ho Choi, Soon Yuhl Nam, Sang Yoon Kim, Kyung-Ja Cho
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  • IgG4-Related Sclerosing Disease of the Breast in a Male Patient
    Taisia Vitkovski, Galina S. Marder, Dominic A. Filardi, Ekta Gupta, Frank Breuer
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    Qiao Zhou, Umer Ansari, Nandan Keshav, Fiona Davis, Maria Cundiff
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Original Articles
Cervical Cytologic Smears in Pap Solution vs ThinPrep: Smear Characteristics and Diagnostic Agreement.
Eunah Shin, Jin Kyu Park, No Won Park, Sang Bong Kim, Kyung Jong You, Jae Joon Lee, Woo Ick Yang
Korean J Pathol. 2011;45(6):621-625.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4132/KoreanJPathol.2011.45.6.621
  • 3,588 View
  • 39 Download
  • 1 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDF
BACKGROUND
The Pap smear has brought about a dramatic improvement in the prevention of cervical cancer in women worldwide. In an effort to decrease the occasional false negatives in the Pap smear and further increase the screened population, ThinPrep Pap Test (TP), a fluid-based cytology collection method, has been developed. With preservation of claimed advantages of TP, we have developed a Pap test solution for manual preparatory process and compared our manually processed fluid-based Pap smear with TP to identify cytologic similarities and differences between the two methods.
METHODS
Cervical swipes of 204 patients were prospectively collected in the 'Pap solution' and also in PreservCyt solution for TP. Diagnoses and smear characteristics were compared.
RESULTS
The diagnoses of the paired smears agreed in 190 of the 204 cases (93.1%). The smear characteristics regarding overall cellularity and background cellularities were similar in the two methods and the stainability of the cells was virtually the same.
CONCLUSIONS
The 'Pap solution' has similar performance characteristics as TP in many aspects. With its advantages of cost-effectiveness and easier preparatory process, the 'Pap solution' can match previously implemented thin layer preparation.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Cytological Evaluation and REBA HPV-ID HPV Testing of Newly Developed Liquid-Based Cytology, EASYPREP: Comparison with SurePath
    Youn Soo Lee, Gyungyub Gong, Jin Hee Sohn, Ki Sung Ryu, Jung Hun Lee, Shin Kwang Khang, Kyung-Ja Cho, Yong-Man Kim, Chang Suk Kang
    Korean Journal of Pathology.2013; 47(3): 265.     CrossRef
Extracellular Matrix and Astrocytic Response during Regeneration following Cryogenic Injury in Adult Rat Cerebral Cortex.
Soo Im Choi, Woo Ick Yang, Tae Seung Kim
Korean J Pathol. 1996;30(6):473-486.
  • 1,666 View
  • 14 Download
AbstractAbstract PDF
Astrocytes are the most numerous cellular elements in the cerebrum, and they normally have a very slow turnover rate. But during regeneration after injury, they proliferate markedly resulting in astrogliosis. The extracellular matrix in the central nervous system is present in the vessel walls and in the external glia limitans as a basal lamina. The presence of an intact extracellular matrix framework is important in regeneration after injury. Understanding the properties of astrocytic proliferation will be helpful to find out new treatment for functional recovery in the central nervous system. In this study, after cryogenic injury was performed on the cerebral cortex in rats, changes in astrocytes and the extracellular matrix were observed using light microscopy, immunohistochemical stain for glial fibrillary acidic protein(GFAP), proliferating cell nuclear antigen(PCNA), fibronectin, laminin, and type IV collagen, autoradiography and electron microscopy. The results were as follows; 1) The coagulative necrosis, which followed cryogenic injury on the cerebral cortex was healed, forming a new pia mater above the lesion. 2) Some of the PCNA positive cells were astrocytes and some of the GFAP positive cells showed a positive reaction to PCNA. 3) Proliferating astrocytes labelled by autoradiography or immunohistochemical stain for PCNA reached maximal numbers 3days after the injury and they were no longer found 2 weeks after injury. 4) In autoradiography with immunohistochemical stain for GFAP, about 1% of GFAP positive astrocytes were labelled by autoradiography and in double immunohistochemical stain for PCNA and GFAP, about 8-16% of GFAP positive astrocytes were also stained by PCNA. 5) In immunohistochemical stain for fibronectin, laminin and type IV collagen, laminin and type IV collagen were present in the newly formed blood vessel walls and fibronectin showed a diffuse positive reaction within the lesion. The new pia mater was formed within 2 weeks after the injury. 6) On electron microscopic examination, basal lamina material was found in the vessel wall 1 week after the injury and at 2 weeks, a nearly complete and continuous basal lamina was formed although the thickness was uneven. According to these findings, astrocytes in the cerebral cortex of adult rats proliferate very early in the regenerative period after cryogenic injury. At 2 weeks after the injury, this regeneration ceases and the damaged basal lamina of pia mater and vessel wall were reconstituted.
Case Report
Giant Cell Tumor of the Larynx: Report of a case.
Soya Paik, Yoon Mee Jeen, Woo Ick Yang, In Joon Choi, Young Ho Kim
Korean J Pathol. 1997;31(1):75-78.
  • 1,818 View
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AbstractAbstract PDF
Giant cell tumor arising in the osteocartilaginous tissue of the larynx is extremely rare. The few reported cases have all occurred in men older than 20 years and the site of origin has been exclusively localized to the thyroid and cricoid cartilages that are known to undergo enchondral ossification. The formation of giant cell tumor in larynx is thought to be related to this enchondral ossification process. We report a case of giant cell tumor arising in the thyroid cartilage of a 39 year old man. CT scan of the neck revealed a well defined mass of soft tissue density replacing the right thyroid cartilage. Grossly the tumor was well demarcated with a distinctive pushing margin except for the area bordering the submucosa of the larynx where it showed focally an infiltrative pattern of growth. Microscopically multinucleated giant cells were found dispersed regularly among the spindle cells. Although mitoses were frequently noted in the spindle cells there was no atypicality or pleomorphism. Total laryngectomy was performed without further treatment. Postoperative follow up for 6 months has proved the patient to be alive and well without recurrence.
Original Article
Histopathologic Re-evaluation of Thymoma with Immunonhistochemical Study for bcl-2 and MIC-2 Protein.
Kyung Moo Yang, Mee Yon Cho, Soon Won Hong, Tae Seung Kim, Chan Il Park, Woo Ick Yang
Korean J Pathol. 1997;31(5):446-461.
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AbstractAbstract PDF
We reviewed 86 thymic epithelial tumors and reclassified them according to the Kirchner and Muller- Hermelink classification. They were subtyped as medullary, mixed, predominantly cortical (organoid), cortical, well differentiated thymic carcinoma, and poorly differentiated thymic carcinoma. The frequency of each subtype was determined and histologic findings were related to stage and myasthenia gravis. Immunohistochemical stains for bcl-2 protein as a marker for medullary thymocytes and MIC-2 protein as a marker for cortical thymocytes were performed in each case. The stages and association of myasthenia gravis was significantly different in each subtypes. The results of this study demonstrate that this histogenetic classification is clinically applicable. The bcl-2 protein was specifically demonstrated in lymphocytes within areas of medullary differentiation and MIC-2 protein in cortical differentiation. The expression of bcl-2 and MIC-2 proteins lend histogenetic support for this new classification of thymoma. Bcl-2 protein is strongly expressed in tumor epithelial cells of every case of poorly differentiated thymic carcinoma whereas the other types of thymic epithelial tumors do not show epithelial expression of this protein. The strong expression of bcl-2 protein in tumor epithelium may be considered as a predictor of aggressive behavior in thymic epithelial tumors.
Case Reports
A Pancreatic Cyst of the Anterior Mediastinum.
Kye Weon Kwon, Kyung Young Jung, Woo Ick Yang
Korean J Pathol. 1998;32(11):1025-1027.
  • 1,896 View
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AbstractAbstract
Although heterotopia of pancreatic tissue is a developmental anomaly found in approximately 2% of all autopsies, pancreatic tissue within the thorax and mediastinum is uncommon. In most of these instances, the pancreatic tissue is a component of gastroenteric duplication cysts, intralobar pulmonary sequestrations or teratomas. We describe an anterior mediastinal cyst consisting entirely of pancreatic tissue. A previously healthy 27-year-old woman was admitted due to chest pain during deep inspiration. The computed tomographic scan of the thorax showed a large cyst occupying the right anterior mediastinum. The excised multilocular cystic lesion measured 12 cm in maximum diameter and contained a brown, turbid fluid. The wall was fibrotic and showed a haphazard mixture of ducts and exocrine acini without islets. The histogenesis of this lesion is unclear.
Juvenile Granulosa Cell Tumor Arising in Undescended Testis: A case report.
So Ya Paik, Hae Youn Kang, Jae Ho Han, Woo Ick Yang, Seok Joo Han
Korean J Pathol. 1999;33(5):376-379.
  • 1,639 View
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AbstractAbstract PDF
Juvenile granulosa cell tumor is rare but one of the common congenital testicular neoplasms. Although histological features are typical of its ovarian counterpart, testicular juvenile granulosa cell tumor has a distinctly different clinical presentation. We report a case of juvenile granulosa cell tumor arising in the cryptochid testis of a 4-day-old newborn. A 6 5 5 cm sized multilocular cyst containing thick, mucinous fluid was found in the peritoneal cavity. The external surface of the cyst was smooth and the septae were relatively thin. The cyst consisted of numerous mucin-filled, cystic follicles lined by cells having vacuolated cytoplasm and round to oval dark nuclei without grooves. Cells resembling granulosa cells of an ovarian follicle were also observed in the intervening stroma forming irregular solid nests.
Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma of the Male Breast: A case report.
Mi Kyung Lee, In Chul Hong, Woo Ick Yang, Sang Ho Cho
Korean J Pathol. 1999;33(5):389-392.
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AbstractAbstract PDF
A 65 year-old male patient presented with a large palpable mass beneath the areola of the right breast for 7 years. The resected breast tissue was almost totally replaced by a round large solid mass (9 6 cm) with a pink-gray to yellow firm, partly nodular cut surface. Microscopically, the tumor revealed the diagnostic biphasic cellular pattern of adenoid cystic carcinoma, which consisted of both cribriform pattern of myoepithelial cells and tubular pattern of epithelial cells. On immunohistochemistry, the tumor revealed immunoreactivities for alpha-smooth muscle actin and S-100 protein in the myoepithelial cells and for AE1/AE3 in the epithelial cells. Mitoses were scarce. Multifocal lymphatic permeation and foci of perineural invasion were also found. Underlying resection margins and overlying skin were invaded by the tumor. We diagnosed this tumor as grade II adenoid cystic carcinoma according to the system utilized for the salivary gland tumors.

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