Journal of Pathology and Translational Medicine

Phil Jo Choi

5 Articles

The Overexpression of Histone Deacetylase 1 and Its Relationship with p16INK4a Gene Hypermethylation in Pulmonary Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Adenocarcinoma.: Jong Hyeok Park, Young Seoub Hong, Phil Jo Choi, Na Young Kim, Kyung Eun Lee, Mee Sook Roh; Korean J Pathol. 2009;43(2):107-112.; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4132/KoreanJPathol.2009.43.2.107

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BACKGROUND
DNA methylation and histone modification are dynamically linked in the epigenetic control of gene silencing and they play an important role in tumorigenesis.
METHODS
To evaluate the role of histone deacetylase 1 (HDAC1) in the development of lung cancer and the relationship between a HDAC1 overexpression and p16INK4a hypermethylation, we performed immunohistochemical staining for HDAC1 in 76 lung cancer specimens (39 squamous cell carcinomas and 37 adenocarcinomas) that had been previously evaluated for their p16INK4a methylation status by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction.
RESULTS
A HDAC1 overexpression (>50% of HDAC1 immunoreactive cells) was detected in 65 (85.5%) out of the 76 cases and it was more frequently seen in the squamous cell carcinomas (97.4%) than in the adenocarcinomas (73.0%) (p=0.002). The incidence of HDAC1 overexpression tended to be higher in the heavy smokers with more than 20 pack-years (p=0.067). Although there was no statistical significance, the frequency of p16INK4a hypermethylation in the cases with a HDAC1 overexpression (27.7%) tended to be higher than that in the cases without a HDAC1 overexpression (9.0%) (p=0.175).
CONCLUSIONS
A HDAC1 overexpression might be involved in lung carcinogenesis, and especially in a subgroup of smoking and squamous cell carcinoma patients, and a HDAC1 overexpression may be associated with p16INK4a hypermethylation.

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Immunohistochemical Expression of the Sodium/Iodide Symporter in Patients with Primary Lung Cancer.: Hyoun Wook Lee, Do Young Kang, Phil Jo Choi, Doo Kyung Yang, Ki Nam Kim, Kyung Eun Lee, Mee Sook Roh; Korean J Pathol. 2006;40(2):81-85.

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Abstract PDF: BACKGROUND
The sodium/iodide symporter (NIS) is a membrane glycoprotein that facilitates the uptake of iodine by thyroid follicular cells. Although the use of radioiodide is essential for the diagnosis and treatment of thyroid diseases, few studies have been conducted to investigate the use of NIS-mediated radioiodide accumulation in lung cancer. We evaluated the expression of NIS by immunohistochemistry in order to examine the diagnostic or therapeutic feasibility of using radioiodide in the treatment of primary lung cancer.
METHODS
Immunohistochemistry for NIS was performed in 139 lung cancers. The expression pattern of NIS was compared with the clinicopathological characteristics of the tumors.
RESULTS
NIS immunoreactivity was detected in 75 (54.0%) of the 139 cases. Twenty-three (37.7%) of the 61 squamous cell carcinomas, 49 (76.6%) of the 64 adenocarcinomas, 2 (40.0%) of the 5 small cell carcinomas, and 3 (33.3%) of the 9 other carcinomas showed positive NIS immunoreactivity. The expression of NIS was significantly associated with the histologic type (p<0.001), but it did not correlate with tumor size, lymphovascular invasion or lymph node metastasis.
CONCLUSIONS
The presence of NIS was detected in lung cancer tissue using immunohistochemistry. Lung cancer potentially could be targeted with radioiodide for both diagnosis and treatment, especially in cases of adenocarcinoma.

Peripheral Micronodular Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Lung Unexpectedly Discovered after an Operation for Spontaneous Pneumothorax: A Case Report.: Hyoun Wook Lee, Phil Jo Choi, Mee Sook Roh; Korean J Pathol. 2005;39(6):424-427.

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Abstract PDF: The occurrence of lung cancer in patients suffering with pneumothorax is very rare, especially in the absence of any radiological changes that would suggest neoplasia after the pulmonary reexpansion. We have experienced a case of a 60-year-old male who presented with lung cancer that was discovered by chance after an operation for his pneumothorax. The resected lung tissue showed a 0.3 cm-sized, peripheral squamous cell carcinoma associated with a bulla. The tumor was not macroscopically detected on the first thoracotomy that was performed for the treatment of the pneumothorax. The micronodular cancer was diagnosed after the histological examination of the resected bulla. The patient has been doing well with no evidence of tumor recurrence during the fifteen months follow-up. This case shows that we should always be vigilant for associated lung cancer when we examine the lung tissue after the operation for pneumotherax.

Differential Expression of CD34 and Smooth Muscle Actin in the Stroma of Small Lung Adenocarcinoma with Mixed Bronchioloalveolar and Invasive Components.: Mee Sook Roh, Jong Woo Choi, Hyoun Wook Lee, Hyuk Chan Kwon, Tae Ho Park, Phil Jo Choi, Chang Hun Lee, Bong Kwon Cheon; Korean J Pathol. 2005;39(3):158-163.

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Abstract PDF: BACKGROUND
Absence of CD34-positive fibroblasts was reported within the stroma associated with invasive carcinomas. Conversely, tumor-associated desmoplastic stroma is characterized by the presence of smooth muscle actin (SMA)-reactive myofibroblasts. The present study was undertaken in order to elucidate whether the different distributions of stromal CD34-positive fibroblasts and SMA-reactive myofibroblasts are sensitive or specific markers of tumor invasion in small lung adenocarcinomas.
METHODS
Immunohistochemical stainings for CD34 and SMA were done in 37 peripheral adenocarcinomas less than 3.0 cm in diameter, including 16 adenocarcinomas with bronchioloalveolar carcinoma (BAC) and invasive components (mixed), and 21 invasive adenocarcinomas without BAC components (invasive).
RESULTS
The fibroblasts within the BAC components of the mixed group were mainly CD34-positive (81.2%) and preferentially SMA-negative (56.3%). In contrast, the fibroblasts within the invasive components of the mixed group were mainly CD34-negative (75.0%) and SMApositive (87.5%). The stromal cells of the invasive group were mostly negative for CD34 (90.5%) and positive for SMA (95.3%).
CONCLUSIONS
The loss of CD34 and the acquisition of SMA in the stromal cells within the tumor were related to tumor invasion (p<0.05). Thus, expression patterns of CD34 and SMA can be used to detect small foci of early stromal invasion in adenocarcinomas of the lung.

Significance of Circumferential Resection Margin Involvement Following Esophagectomy for Esophageal Cancer.: Mee Sook Roh, Jae Ik Lee, Phil Jo Choi; Korean J Pathol. 2004;38(1):23-28.

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Abstract PDF: BACKGROUND
This study was performed to examine the significance of the circumferential resection margin (CRM) involvement by a tumor on the postoperative survival after esophageal cancer surgery.
METHODS
Fifty nine resected cases of esophageal cancers were retrospectively reviewed. The presence of a tumor either at, or within 1 mm of, the CRM was recorded. By an immunohistochemical study for Ki-67, the Ki-67 differential grades (Ki-67 DG) were defined according to the differences between the Ki-67 labeling indices of the central and of peripheral areas of the tumor nearest to the CRM: Ki-67 DG 0 (< or =10%) and Ki-67 DG 1 (>10%). The CRM involvement was correlated with the clinicopathological factors, Ki-67 DG and survival data.
RESULTS
CRM involvement was found in 26 (44.1%) of the 59 cases. There were significant differences in the cases, both with and without CRM involvement of tumor cells, in relation to lymph node metastasis, lymphovascular, perineural invasions and tumor stage (p<0.05). Ten (38.3%) of the 26 with, and 3 (9.1%) of 33 cases without, CRM involvement, showed Ki-67 DG 1 (p=0.007). The 3-year survivals of patients with and without CRM involvement were 26.8 and 61.8%, respectively (p=0.003).
CONCLUSIONS
These results show that the CRM involvement status may be used as a predictor of survival after esophageal cancer surgery, and CRM involvement is more an indicator of an advanced disease than of an incomplete resection.

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