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1 "Minimal extrathyroidal extension"
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Original Article
The Definition of Minimal Extrathyroid Extension in Thyroid Pathology by Analyzing Sizable Intra- and Extrathyroid Blood Vessels
Hyae Min Jeon, Beom Jin Lim, Hang-Seok Chang, SoonWon Hong
Korean J Pathol. 2012;46(6):548-553.   Published online December 26, 2012
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4132/KoreanJPathol.2012.46.6.548
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  • 7 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDF
Background

To define the exact boundary of the intrathyroid and extrathyroid aspects of a gland when determining the extent of cancer invasion, we plan to clarify the definition of sizable vascular structures, which is one of the helpful histologic clues in determining a minimal extrathyroid extension. We hypothesized that arterial wall thicknesses in extrathyroid soft tissue would be significantly different from the arteries in the thyroid parenchyma.

Methods

Twenty cases of papillary carcinoma were selected. The numbers and wall thicknesses of the arteries and arterioles in intrathyroid and extrathyroid tissue were evaluated. The absence of nerve tissue in the thyroid gland was confirmed using the S-100 protein immunohistochemical stain.

Results

The comparison of the mean thicknesses of the total arteries between the extrathyroid and intrathyroid tissues in the retrospective study (26.88 µm vs. 15.07 µm, respectively) and the prospective study (35.24 µm vs. 16.52 µm, respectively) revealed significant differences (p=0.000). The greatest thickness of the intrathyroid arteries was 67.93 µm.

Conclusions

According to our results, the study showed that the extrathyroidal arteries were significantly thicker than the intrathyroidal arteries. We suggest that the sizable blood vessels of extrathyroidal arteries should be greater than 67.93 µm in thickness.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Invasion in thyroid cancer: Controversies and best practices
    Michiya Nishino, Jack Jacob
    Seminars in Diagnostic Pathology.2020; 37(5): 219.     CrossRef
  • MiR-221/222 promote migration and invasion, and inhibit autophagy and apoptosis by modulating ATG10 in aggressive papillary thyroid carcinoma
    Hao Shen, Zaikai Lin, Haiyan Shi, Lingling Wu, Baojin Ma, Hong Li, Baobing Yin, Jun Tang, Hongjin Yu, Xiaoxing Yin
    3 Biotech.2020;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Minimal extrathyroidal extension affects the prognosis of differentiated thyroid cancer: Is there a need for change in the AJCC classification system?
    Zeming Liu, Yihui Huang, Sichao Chen, Di Hu, Min Wang, Ling Zhou, Wei Zhou, Danyang Chen, Haifeng Feng, Wei Wei, Chao Zhang, Wen Zeng, Liang Guo, Scott M. Langevin
    PLOS ONE.2019; 14(6): e0218171.     CrossRef
  • miR-199a-3p downregulation in thyroid tissues is associated with invasion and metastasis of papillary thyroid carcinoma
    Chengbiao Liu, Meiling Xing, Liping Wang, Kejun Zhang
    British Journal of Biomedical Science.2017; 74(2): 90.     CrossRef
  • Clinicopathological Significance of Minimal Extrathyroid Extension in Solitary Papillary Thyroid Carcinomas
    Chang Gok Woo, Chang Ohk Sung, Yun Mi Choi, Won Gu Kim, Tae Yong Kim, Young Kee Shong, Won Bae Kim, Suck Joon Hong, Dong Eun Song
    Annals of Surgical Oncology.2015; 22(S3): 728.     CrossRef
  • Intraoperative Frozen Section for the Evaluation of Extrathyroidal Extension in Papillary Thyroid Cancer
    Om Prakash Prajapati, A. K. Verma, M. Sabaretnam
    World Journal of Surgery.2015; 39(7): 1855.     CrossRef
  • Tumor Sprouting in Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Is Correlated with Lymph Node Metastasis and Recurrence
    Eunjung Lee, Wonkyung Jung, Jeong-Soo Woo, Jae Bok Lee, Bong Kyung Shin, Han Kyeom Kim, Aeree Kim, Baek-hui Kim
    Korean Journal of Pathology.2014; 48(2): 117.     CrossRef

J Pathol Transl Med : Journal of Pathology and Translational Medicine