Journal of Pathology and Translational Medicine

Original Articles

P2X₇ Receptor Expression in Coexistence of Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma with Hashimoto's Thyroiditis: Ji Hyun Kwon, Eun Sook Nam, Hyung Sik Shin, Seong Jin Cho, Hye Rim Park, Mi Jung Kwon; Korean J Pathol. 2014;48(1):30-35. Published online February 25, 2014; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4132/KoreanJPathol.2014.48.1.30

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Background

This study was aimed at investigating the relation of P2X₇ receptor (P2X₇R) expression with the clinicopathological features of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) coexisting with Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT).

Methods

We examined 170 patients (84, PTC with HT; 86, PTC without HT). P2X₇R expression was examined by immunohistochemical methods. The staining intensity and patterns were evaluated and scored using a semi-quantitative method.

Results

The PTC with HT group was more likely to contain women and had less extrathyroid extension, lymph node (LN) metastasis, lymphovascular invasion, and recurrence than the PTC without HT group. Patients positive for P2X₇R had significantly higher frequencies of lymphovascular invasion, extrathyroid extension, LN metastasis, and absence of HT. As shown by multivariate analysis, the expression of P2X₇R was significantly higher if HT was absent and extrathyroid extension was present. In the PTC with HT group, the expression of P2X₇R was significantly higher in patients with tumor multifocality, lymphovascular invasion, and extrathyroid extension. In the PTC without HT group, the expression of P2X₇R was significantly higher in women and those having tumor multifocality.

Conclusions

Coexistence of PTC with HT is associated with good prognostic factors, and P2X₇R expression in PTC was correlated with poor prognostic factors and the absence of HT.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Research Progress in the Relationship Between P2X7R and Cervical Cancer
Yiqing Tang, Cuicui Qiao, Qianqian Li, Xiaodi Zhu, Ronglan Zhao, Xiaoxiang Peng
Reproductive Sciences.2023; 30(3): 823. CrossRef
Warthin-like papillary thyroid carcinoma: a case report and comprehensive review of the literature
Abdel Mouhaymen Missaoui, Fatma Hamza, Wafa Belabed, Manel Mellouli, Mohamed Maaloul, Slim Charfi, Issam Jardak, Tahya Sellami-Boudawara, Nabila Rekik, Mohamed Abid
Frontiers in Endocrinology.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Mapping the path towards novel treatment strategies: a bibliometric analysis of Hashimoto’s thyroiditis research from 1990 to 2023
Manping Guo, Qingna Li, Xingfang Liu, Yiming Wang, Qiaoning Yang, Rui Li, Yang Zhao, Chenfei Li, Song Sheng, Hangkun Ma, Zhenghong Li, Rui Gao
Frontiers in Endocrinology.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Association between Hashimoto thyroiditis and clinical outcomes of papillary thyroid carcinoma: A meta-analysis
Qizhi Tang, Weiyu Pan, Liangyue Peng, Francis Moore
PLOS ONE.2022; 17(6): e0269995. CrossRef
Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis Minimizes Lymph Node Metastasis in BRAF Mutant Papillary Thyroid Carcinomas
Peter P. Issa, Mahmoud Omar, Yusef Buti, Chad P. Issa, Bert Chabot, Christopher J. Carnabatu, Ruhul Munshi, Mohammad Hussein, Mohamed Aboueisha, Mohamed Shama, Ralph L. Corsetti, Eman Toraih, Emad Kandil
Biomedicines.2022; 10(8): 2051. CrossRef
Overexpression of PD-L1 in Papillary Carcinoma and Its Association with Clinicopathological Variables
Servet KOCAÖZ, Gülay TURAN
Düzce Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi.2021; 23(3): 252. CrossRef
Effect of P2X7 receptor on tumorigenesis and its pharmacological properties
Wen-jun Zhang, Ce-gui Hu, Zheng-ming Zhu, Hong-liang Luo
Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy.2020; 125: 109844. CrossRef
P2X7 in Cancer: From Molecular Mechanisms to Therapeutics
Romain Lara, Elena Adinolfi, Catherine A. Harwood, Mike Philpott, Julian A. Barden, Francesco Di Virgilio, Shaun McNulty
Frontiers in Pharmacology.2020;[Epub] CrossRef
The P2X7 Receptor in Inflammatory Diseases: Angel or Demon?
Luiz E. B. Savio, Paola de Andrade Mello, Cleide Gonçalves da Silva, Robson Coutinho-Silva
Frontiers in Pharmacology.2018;[Epub] CrossRef
Patients with Oncocytic Variant Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Have a Similar Prognosis to Matched Classical Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Controls
Azadeh A. Carr, Tina W.F. Yen, Diana I. Ortiz, Bryan C. Hunt, Gilbert Fareau, Becky L. Massey, Bruce H. Campbell, Kara L. Doffek, Douglas B. Evans, Tracy S. Wang
Thyroid.2018; 28(11): 1462. CrossRef
Extracellular purines, purinergic receptors and tumor growth
F Di Virgilio, E Adinolfi
Oncogene.2017; 36(3): 293. CrossRef
Multifaceted Effects of Extracellular Adenosine Triphosphate and Adenosine in the Tumor–Host Interaction and Therapeutic Perspectives
Paola de Andrade Mello, Robson Coutinho-Silva, Luiz Eduardo Baggio Savio
Frontiers in Immunology.2017;[Epub] CrossRef
Potential role of P2X7R in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma proliferation
André A Santos, Angélica R Cappellari, Fernanda O de Marchi, Marina P Gehring, Aline Zaparte, Caroline A Brandão, Tiago Giuliani Lopes, Vinicius D da Silva, Luis Felipe Ribeiro Pinto, Luiz Eduardo Baggio Savio, Aline Cristina Abreu Moreira-Souza, Robson C
Purinergic Signalling.2017; 13(3): 279. CrossRef
Potential relationship between Hashimoto's thyroiditis and BRAFV600E mutation status in papillary thyroid cancer
Rui‐chao Zeng, Lang‐ping Jin, En‐dong Chen, Si‐yang Dong, Ye‐feng Cai, Guan‐li Huang, Quan Li, Chun Jin, Xiao‐hua Zhang, Ou‐chen Wang
Head & Neck.2016;[Epub] CrossRef
Papillary thyroid carcinoma in Hashimoto’s thyroiditis as an incidental finding
Al Mogrampi Saad, A. Krexi, N. Papoulidis, M. Verroiotou, D. Michalakis, I. Fardellas
Hellenic Journal of Surgery.2016; 88(1): 47. CrossRef
Association of Hashimoto's thyroiditis and thyroid cancer
Salem I. Noureldine, Ralph P. Tufano
Current Opinion in Oncology.2015; 27(1): 21. CrossRef
Cribriform-morular variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma: a study of 3 cases featuring the PIK3CA mutation
Mi Jung Kwon, Young-Soo Rho, Jin Cheol Jeong, Hyung Sik Shin, Jong Seok Lee, Seong Jin Cho, Eun Sook Nam
Human Pathology.2015; 46(8): 1180. CrossRef
Understanding the roles of the P2X7 receptor in solid tumour progression and therapeutic perspectives
Sébastien Roger, Bilel Jelassi, Isabelle Couillin, Pablo Pelegrin, Pierre Besson, Lin-Hua Jiang
Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Biomembranes.2015; 1848(10): 2584. CrossRef
Purinergic signaling pathways in endocrine system
Ivana Bjelobaba, Marija M. Janjic, Stanko S. Stojilkovic
Autonomic Neuroscience.2015; 191: 102. CrossRef
P2X7 receptor stimulates breast cancer cell invasion and migration via the AKT pathway
JIYI XIA, XIAOLAN YU, LI TANG, GANG LI, TAO HE
Oncology Reports.2015; 34(1): 103. CrossRef
Regulation of the P2X7R by microRNA-216b in human breast cancer
Luming Zheng, Xukui Zhang, Feng Yang, Jian Zhu, Peng Zhou, Fang Yu, Lei Hou, Lei Xiao, Qingqing He, Baocheng Wang
Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications.2014; 452(1): 197. CrossRef

Cytological Findings of the Micropapillary Variant of Urothelial Carcinoma: A Comparison with Typical High-Grade Urothelial Carcinoma: Kyu-Ho Kim, Chang-Hwan Choi, Jee-Young Han, Lucia Kim, Suk-Jin Choi, In-Suh Park, Joon-Mee Kim, Young-Chae Chu; Korean J Pathol. 2013;47(4):365-371. Published online August 26, 2013; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4132/KoreanJPathol.2013.47.4.365

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Abstract PDF

Background

Micropapillary variant of urothelial carcinoma (MPUC) showed distinct pathologic features and aggressive behavior. The cytologic findings of MPUC are still indistinct. In this study, we evaluated the cytological findings of MPUC compared with those of high-grade urothelial carcinoma (HGUC).

Methods

The voided urine cytology of 8 cases of MPUC and 8 cases of HGUC was reviewed. Following cytological parameters were evaluated: cellularity, background, number of small, tight papillary clusters, small acinar structure, scattered single cells, cytoplasmic features, nuclear-to-cytoplasmic ratio, nuclear pleomorphism, nuclear membrane irregularity, hyperchromasia, chromatin pattern and nucleoli.

Results

Compared to that of HGUC, cytology of MPUC showed large numbers of small, tight papillary clusters, small acinar structure, few numbers of single cells, and hyperchromatic nuclei. Other parameters were similar between the two groups; both groups showed similar cellularity, dense or vacuolated cytoplasm, moderate to severe nuclear pleomorphism, irregular nuclear membrane, coarse granular chromatin, and small and prominent nucleoli.

Conclusions

The urine cytology of MPUCs showed smaller and tighter papillary cell clusters, more small acinar structures, fewer numbers of scattered single cells, and more hyperchromatic nuclei than that of HGUC. These features can help to distinguish MPUC and HGUC and offer an early cytological diagnosis of MPUC.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Cytologic features of micropapillary variant urothelial carcinoma in urinary tract cytology: Case series and review of literature
Nancy Y. Greenland, Yue Peng, Poonam Vohra, Z. Laura Tabatabai
Diagnostic Cytopathology.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Cyto-histo correlations of plasmacytoid and micropapillary variants of high-grade urothelial carcinoma: do they fit well in The Paris System for reporting urinary cytology?
Liye Suo, Ivonne Vega, Michael Thrall
Journal of the American Society of Cytopathology.2021; 10(1): 20. CrossRef
A case report of urothelial carcinoma with combined micropapillary and plasmacytoid morphology in the urinary bladder
Sanghui Park, Min‐Sun Cho, Kwang Hyun Kim
Diagnostic Cytopathology.2016; 44(2): 124. CrossRef
Two cases with the micropapillary variant of urothelial carcinoma of the urinary bladder
Akiko KAGOTANI, Mitsuaki ISHIDA, Muneo IWAI, Nozomi IWAMOTO, Nozomi KASUGA, Yuji HAYASHI, Yoshimitsu MIYAHIRA, Ryoji KUSHIMA
The Journal of the Japanese Society of Clinical Cytology.2016; 55(3): 165. CrossRef

Evaluation of Urine Cytology in Urothelial Carcinoma Patients: A Comparison of CellprepPlus® Liquid-Based Cytology and Conventional Smear: Seung-Myoung Son, Ji Hae Koo, Song-Yi Choi, Ho-Chang Lee, Yong-Moon Lee, Hyung Geun Song, Hae-Kyung Hwang, Hye-Suk Han, Seok-Joong Yun, Wun-Jae Kim, Eun-Joong Kim, Ok-Jun Lee; Korean J Pathol. 2012;46(1):68-74. Published online February 23, 2012; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4132/KoreanJPathol.2012.46.1.68

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Abstract PDF

Background

Urine cytology is an important test in the screening of urothlelial neoplasms. The conventional smear (CS) method of testing urine samples has a low sensitivity, approximately 50% result accuracy for detecting urothelial carcinomas, while liquid-based cytology (LBC) has much improved diagnostic accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity. The aim of this study was to compare the morphologic features and diagnostic efficacy of CellprepPlus® LBC with those of CS for urine cytology.

Methods

A total of 713 cases of urine specimens collected from November 2009 to September 2010 were included. All specimens were divided equally for the preparation of CellprepPlus® LBC and CS for each case.

Results

CellprepPlus® revealed more cellularity, a cleaner background and better cytomorphologic features, but it showed a less intact architectural pattern compared to that of CS. Of the 88 histologically confirmed cases, the diagnostic sensitivity for CellprepPlus® was 50% and higher than the 37.5% for CS. The specificity of both preparations was 100%.

Conclusions

The CellprepPlus® showed an improved quality of slides and provided better diagnostic accuracy, thus CellprepPlus® could be a first-line screening tool in urinary tract cytology.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Deep Learning-Based Screening of Urothelial Carcinoma in Whole Slide Images of Liquid-Based Cytology Urine Specimens
Masayuki Tsuneki, Makoto Abe, Fahdi Kanavati
Cancers.2022; 15(1): 226. CrossRef
Diagnostic efficacy of smear plus liquid-based cytology for EUS-FNA of solid pancreatic lesions
Masahiro Itonaga, Shin-Ichi Murata, Keiichi Hatamaru, Takashi Tamura, Junya Nuta, Yuki Kawaji, Takao Maekita, Mikitaka Iguchi, Jun Kato, Fumiyoshi Kojima, Hiroki Yamaue, Manabu Kawai, Ken-Ichi Okada, Seiko Hirono, Toshio Shimokawa, Kensuke Tanioka, Masayu
Medicine.2019; 98(19): e15575. CrossRef
Evaluation and application of Cellprep for cervical cytology
Rinko OZEKI, Keiichi IWAYA, Yuko UMAYAHARA, Yuka MORITA, Mie ARAI, Yukari TAKASUGI, Ryoko KIKUCHI, Kiyohiko MIYAKE, Atsuhiko SAKAMOTO, Masaru SAKAMOTO
The Journal of the Japanese Society of Clinical Cytology.2018; 57(3): 159. CrossRef
Quantitative Proteomic Analysis Identifies AHNAK (Neuroblast Differentiation-associated Protein AHNAK) as a Novel Candidate Biomarker for Bladder Urothelial Carcinoma Diagnosis by Liquid-based Cytology
Hyebin Lee, Kwangsoo Kim, Jongmin Woo, Joonho Park, Hyeyoon Kim, Kyung Eun Lee, Hyeyeon Kim, Youngsoo Kim, Kyung Chul Moon, Ji Young Kim, In Ae Park, Bo Bae Shim, Ji Hye Moon, Dohyun Han, Han Suk Ryu
Molecular & Cellular Proteomics.2018; 17(9): 1788. CrossRef
Reliability of Estrogen Receptor and Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 Expression on Breast Cancer Cells Stored in Cellprep® Vials
Ayumi Ryu, Jyun-ichi Ashimura, Takahiro Nakayama, Yasuhiro Tamaki, Shin-ichi Nakatsuka, Yasuhiko Tomita
Acta Cytologica.2018; 62(5-6): 360. CrossRef
Morphologic Analysis of Cytomegalovirus Infected Cells in Bronchial Washing Cytology: Comparison of Liquid-Based Preparation and Conventional Smear
Jae Yeon Seok, Jungsuk An, Seung Yeon Ha, Dong Hae Chung, Sangho Lee, Hyunchul Kim
Journal of Pathology and Translational Medicine.2016; 50(2): 147. CrossRef
Romanowsky staining using liquid‐based cytology: A pilot study using Cytolyt®/HESPANDER® processing solution for ThinPrep® preparations
Yuichi Kinoshita, Takashi Yuri, Katsuhiko Yoshizawa, Kosho Takasu, Yuko Emoto, Airo Tsubura, Nobuaki Shikata
Diagnostic Cytopathology.2015; 43(12): 960. CrossRef
Diagnostic Value of Liquid-Based Cytology in Urothelial Carcinoma Diagnosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
You Luo, Dong-Li She, Hu Xiong, Li Yang, Sheng-Jun Fu, Francisco X. Real
PLOS ONE.2015; 10(8): e0134940. CrossRef
Comparison of diagnostic accuracy between CellprepPlus® and ThinPrep® liquid‐based preparations in effusion cytology
Yong‐Moon Lee, Ji‐Yong Hwang, Seung‐Myoung Son, Song‐Yi Choi, Ho‐Chang Lee, Eun‐Joong Kim, Hye‐Suk Han, Jin young An, Joung‐Ho Han, Ok‐Jun Lee
Diagnostic Cytopathology.2014; 42(5): 384. CrossRef
Diagnostic Efficacy of Cell Block Immunohistochemistry, Smear Cytology, and Liquid-Based Cytology in Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Fine-Needle Aspiration of Pancreatic Lesions: A Single-Institution Experience
Shan-yu Qin, You Zhou, Ping Li, Hai-xing Jiang, Robert L. Schmidt
PLoS ONE.2014; 9(9): e108762. CrossRef

Cytologic Features of Prostatic Adenocarcinoma in Urine: Comparison with Urothelial Carcinoma.: Lucia Kim, Joo Young Song, Suk Jin Choi, In Suh Park, Jee Young Han, Joon Mee Kim, Young Chae Chu; Korean J Pathol. 2011;45(1):79-86.; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4132/KoreanJPathol.2011.45.1.79

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Abstract PDF

BACKGROUND
Prostate adenocarcinoma (PACa) cells are rarely identified in urine cytology specimens and might be easily overlooked or misdiagnosed as urothelial neoplasm when clinically unsuspected.
METHODS
We reviewed 19 urine cytology specimens obtained from 13 patients with PACa and evaluated the characteristic features discriminating PACa from urothelial carcinoma (UCa). For comparison, 27 cases of high-grade UCa (HGUCa) and 10 cases of urothelial carcinoma in situ (UCis) were also evaluated.
RESULTS
The urine cytologic evaluation of PACa revealed clustered cells forming 3-dimensional syncytial fragments with occasional microacinar grouping in a clean background. Most tumor cells were small and uniform with a high nuclear-to-cytoplasmic ratio and indistinct cell borders. The nuclei were round-to-oval and the cytoplasm was scanty and thin. One or more centrally-located prominent nucleoli were characteristically noted in one half of the cases. The nucleoli had a well-defined, large, round and eosinophilic appearance. In four high-grade cases, large tumor cells were encountered and had relatively monotonous cells with smooth-outlined cell clusters, well-defined and thin cytoplasm, and round nuclei with characteristic prominent nucleoli.
CONCLUSIONS
Combining the information of prostate cancer and the recognition of cytomorphologic features of PACa will help differentiate PACa from HGUCa and UCis.

Citations

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The diagnostic challenge of suspicious or positive malignant urine cytology findings when cystoscopy findings are normal: an outpatient blue-light flexible cystoscopy may solve the problem
Marie Andersson, Marthe Berger, Karsten Zieger, Per-Uno Malmström, Mats Bläckberg
Scandinavian Journal of Urology.2021; 55(4): 263. CrossRef
Sensitive Time-Gated Immunoluminescence Detection of Prostate Cancer Cells Using a TEGylated Europium Ligand
Nima Sayyadi, Irene Justiniano, Russell E. Connally, Run Zhang, Bingyang Shi, Liisa Kautto, Arun V. Everest-Dass, Jingli Yuan, Bradley J. Walsh, Dayong Jin, Robert D. Willows, James A. Piper, Nicolle H. Packer
Analytical Chemistry.2016; 88(19): 9564. CrossRef

Comparison of Detecting Methods of BK Virus Infection in Patients with Renal Allograft Recipients.: Sung Hak Lee, Youn Jun Park, Chul Woo Yang, Yong Soo Kim, In Sung Moon, Chang Suk Kang, Yeong Jin Choi; Korean J Pathol. 2010;44(6):636-641.; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4132/KoreanJPathol.2010.44.6.636

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Abstract PDF

BACKGROUND
BK virus nephropathy (BKVN) is an emerging problem as a consequence of the use of potent immunosuppressive agents. Because optimal detection methods for the diagnosis of BKVN are required clinically, we compared the results of renal allograft biopsy, urine cytology, and urine and blood viral loads.
METHODS
Four hundred sixty two case notes from 2004 to 2009 at Seoul St. Mary's Hospital were reviewed. During that period, 286 cases of urine cytology for decoy cells, 938 cases of urine BKV reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and 1,029 cases of blood BKV RT-PCR were performed. All diagnostic methods were performed in 85 cases.
RESULTS
A histological diagnosis of BKVN was made in 2.4% of cases (11/462). Urine cytology for decoy cells was positive in 26.2% (75/286). BKV RT-PCR revealed viruria in positivity of 22.1% (207/938) and viremia in 5.2% (54/1,029). In cases of BKVN, the sensitivities of urine and blood BKV RT-PCR were all 100% and the specificities were 69% and 94.5%, respectively. In cases with positive urine decoy cells, the sensitivities of urine and blood BKV RT-PCR were 50% and 27.7%, with specificities of 77.7% and 100%, respectively.
CONCLUSIONS
BKV screening by RT-PCR assays may be a clinically useful noninvasive test to identify renal recipients with concurrent BKVN.

Citations

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Prevalence of BK Virus among Iranian Renal Transplant Recipients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Mohsen Ebrahimi, Alireza Mohebbi, Mohammad Mostakhdem Hashemi, Mobina Ashrafi Shahmirzadi
Journal of Clinical and Basic Research.2020; 4(4): 50. CrossRef
Asymptomatic hematuria associated with urinary polyomavirus infection in immunocompetent patients
Sung Hak Lee, Sung Hoo Hong, Ji Youl Lee, Tae Kon Hwang, Kyoung Suk Kim, Hyoungnam Lee, Yeong Jin Choi
Journal of Medical Virology.2014; 86(2): 347. CrossRef

Detecting Malignant Urothelial Cells by Morphometric Analysis of ThinPrep(R) Liquid-based Urine Cytology Specimens.: Bong Kyung Shin, Young Suk Lee, Hoiseon Jeong, Sang Ho Lee, Hyunchul Kim, Aree Kim, Insun Kim, Han Kyeom Kim; Korean J Cytopathol. 2008;19(2):136-143.; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3338/kjc.2008.19.2.136

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Abstract PDF

Urothelial carcinoma accounts for 90% of all the cases of bladder cancer. Although many cases can be easily managed by local excision, urothelial carcinoma rather frequently recurs, tends to progress to muscle invasion, and requires regular follow-ups. Urine cytology is a main approach for the follow-up of bladder tumors. It is noninvasive, but it has low sensitivity of around 50% with using the conventional cytospin preparation. Liquid-based cytology (LBC) has been developed as a replacement for the conventional technique. We compared the cytomorphometric parameters of ThinPrep(R) and cytospin preparation urine cytology to see whether there are definite differences between the two methods and which technique allows malignant cells to be more effectively discriminated from benign cells. The nuclear-to-cytoplasmic ratio value, as measured by digital image analysis, was efficient for differentiating malignant and benign urothelial cells, and this was irrespective of the preparation method and the tumor grade. Neither the ThinPrep(R) nor the conventional preparation cytology was definitely superior for distinguishing malignant cells from benign cells by cytomorphometric analysis of the adequately preserved cells. However, the ThinPrep(R) preparation showed significant advantages when considering the better preservation and cellularity with a clear background.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Comparison of diagnostic accuracy between CellprepPlus® and ThinPrep® liquid‐based preparations in effusion cytology
Yong‐Moon Lee, Ji‐Yong Hwang, Seung‐Myoung Son, Song‐Yi Choi, Ho‐Chang Lee, Eun‐Joong Kim, Hye‐Suk Han, Jin young An, Joung‐Ho Han, Ok‐Jun Lee
Diagnostic Cytopathology.2014; 42(5): 384. CrossRef
A Comparison Between ThinPrep Monolayer and Cytospin Cytology for the Detection of Bladder Cancer
Ji Yong Kim, Hyung Jin Kim
Korean Journal of Urology.2014; 55(6): 390. CrossRef
Cytological and Morphometric Study of Urinary Epithelial Cells with Histopathological Correlation
Asim Kumar Manna, Manisha Sarkar, Ujjal Bandyopadhyay, Srabani Chakrabarti, Swapan Pathak, Diptendra Kumar Sarkar
Indian Journal of Surgery.2014; 76(1): 26. CrossRef
Evaluation of Urine Cytology in Urothelial Carcinoma Patients: A Comparison of CellprepPlus® Liquid-Based Cytology and Conventional Smear
Seung-Myoung Son, Ji Hae Koo, Song-Yi Choi, Ho-Chang Lee, Yong-Moon Lee, Hyung Geun Song, Hae-Kyung Hwang, Hye-Suk Han, Seok-Joong Yun, Wun-Jae Kim, Eun-Joong Kim, Ok-Jun Lee
Korean Journal of Pathology.2012; 46(1): 68. CrossRef

Expression of Phospholipase C Isozymes in Radiation-Induced Tissue Damage and Subsequent Regeneration of Murine Small Intestine.: Sung Sook Kim, Yeong Ju Woo, Ju Ryung Huh, Jung Hyun Ryu, Kyung Ja Lee, Jung Sik Lee, Pann Ghill Suh; Korean J Pathol. 1998;32(3):155-161.

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Abstract PDF: Phospholipase C (PLC) isozymes play significant roles in transmembrane signal transduction. PLC- 1 is one of the key regulatory enzymes in signal transduction for cellular proliferation and differentiation. The exact mechanisms of this signal transduction of tissue damage and subsequent regeneration, however, were not clearly documented. This study was planned to determine the biological significance of PLC isozymes following irradiation in rat small intestine. Sprague-Dawley rats were irradiated to the entire body by a single dose of 8 Gy. The rats were divided into 5 groups according to the sacrifice days after irradiation. The expression of PLCs in each group was examined by the immunohistochemistry and immunoblotting. The histologic findings were observed using hematoxylin and eosin staining. The regenerative activity, which was estimated by mitotic count and proliferatin cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) immunostaining, was highest in Group III (5th day after irradiation). By the immunohistochemistry, the expression of PLC- 1 was higher in Group III and Group II (3rd day after irradiation), and was found in the regenerative zone of the mucosa. The expression of PLC- 1 was highest in Group I (1st day after irradiation) and was dominantly in the damaged surface epithelium. The immunostaining of PLC- 1 was negative in all groups. The results of the immunoblotting study was compatible to that of the immunohistochemical study. Group II and III showed positive bands for PLC- 1, and group I and II for PLC- 1. These results suggest that PLC- 1 plays a significant role in mucosal regeneration following irradiation. PLC- 1 may play a role in radiation - induced mucosal damage.

Immunohistochemical Expression of p53, p21, and mdm2 Proteins in Human Papillomavirus Positive and Negative Invasive Uterine Cervical Carcinomas.: In Seo Park, Hye Seung Han, Tae Sook Kim, Jee Young Han, Joon Mee Kim, Young Chae Chu, Tae Sook Hwang; Korean J Pathol. 2001;35(3):212-219.

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Abstract PDF: BACKGROUND
In the uterine cervical carcinoma, the inactivation of p53 protein by human papillomavirus(HPV) E6 protein has been reported to play a greater role in carcinogenesis than the mutation of the p53 gene. Therefore, the mutation of the p53 gene is rare. p21 and mdm2 proteins are induced by wild-type p53 protein and are involved in the cell cycle regulatory mechanism.
METHODS
Immunohistochemical staining for p53, p21 and mdm2 proteins was performed in 26 HPV-positive and 13 HPV-negative invasive cervical carcinomas together with 5 non-neoplastic cervical tissues.
RESULTS
The frequencies of the expression of p53, p21 and mdm2 proteins were 82.1%, 84.6% and 66.7%, respectively. The expression of p53 protein was less frequently demonstrated in HPV-positive cases than HPV-negative cases, which was statistically a negative correlation(p=0.018). The expression of p53 and p21 proteins was statistically significant(p=0.000).
CONCLUSIONS
p53, p21 and mdm2 proteins were highly expressed in both HPV-positive and HPV-negative cervical carcinomas. Significantly higher expression of p53 protain in HPV-negative cases necessitate a further study for investigating the role of p53 protein accumulation in carcinogenesis of HPV-negative cervical carcinomas. The relationship between the expression of p53 protein and p21/mdm2 proteins may indicate that p21 and mdm2 proteins also have a role in carcinogenesis, where p53 protein plays a fundamental role.

Case Reports

Embryonal Rhabdomyosarcoma of Urinary Bladder Diagnosed by Urine Cytology: A Case Report.: Joo Heon Kim, Ho Lee, Myoung Jae Kang, Dong Geun Lee, Sang Ho Kim; Korean J Cytopathol. 1994;5(1):71-73.

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Abstract PDF: Rhabdomyosarcomas are found mainly in young patients, but rare in adults. A correlated cytological and histologic study of one case of embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma is presented. The cytologic appearance of the urine smear corresponded well with the histologic findings. Cytologically, two main cell types were distinguished; a predominant primitive, small round cell with scant cytoplasm and a large cell with abundant cytoplasm. The cytologic feature proving rhabdomyoblastic differenti-ation, such as cross-striation, was absent.

Urine Cytology of Renal Cell Carcinoma: Analysis of 11 cases.: Yi Kyeong Chun, Hye Jae Cho, Ill Hyang Ko; Korean J Cytopathol. 1994;5(2):137-142.

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Abstract PDF: Urine cytology is of limited value in the diagnosis of renal cell carcinoma with reported detection rates of 0~80%. The aim of this study is to demonstrate the usefulness of urine cytology in renal cell carcinoma, In the eleven histologically proven cases of renal cell carcinoma, urinary smears were reevaluated. The cytologic results were as follows; positive for malignant cells in 3 cases (27%), suspicious in 2 cases (18%) and negative in 6 cases (55%). The average diameter of the tumor of the 5 cases reported as positive or suspicious for malignant cells was 9.7cm and 3 had invaded the renal pelvis. The other 6 tumors, reported as negative, were 5.7cm in average diameter and one of them showed involvement of the renal pelvis. These results suggest that urine cytology is considered unsatisfactory in the early detection of renal cell carcinoma. However. careful examination of urinary smear could improye the detection rate especially in more advanced cases involving the renal pelvis as well as those of larger tumors.

Cytodiagnosis of Primary Small Cell Carcinoma of the Urinary Bladder: A Case Report.: Hye Sun Kim, Aee Ree Kim, Chul Hwan Kim, Yang Seok Chae, Nam Hee Won; Korean J Cytopathol. 1994;5(2):167-171.

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Abstract PDF: Samll cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder is a rare tumor which occurs in about 0.48% of all bladder tumors. We report cytologic features of small cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder in a 66-year-old man who had painless total gross hematuria, which was confirmed by partial cystectomy. In urine cytology, abundant tumor cells appeared in scattered and clustered forms in a bloody background. The tumor cells were small and uniform in size with a high nuclear/cytoplasmic ratio. The nuclei of the tumor cells were hyperchromatic, characteristically molded and showed inconspicuous nucleoli. The cytoplasms were scanty and plae blue.

Original Articles

Urinary Cytologic Findings of Transitional Cell Carcinoma: Analysis of 83 Cases.: Yeon Mee Kim, Hye Je Cho; Korean J Cytopathol. 1995;6(2):148-155.

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Abstract PDF: Urinary cytology has become an essential element in the diagnosis and management of transitional cell carcinoma(TCC) of the urinary tract. It has the advantage of being noninvasive, inexpensive, and easily accessible. Besides that it can even detect malignancy when unsuspected at cystoscopy. We report a retrospective review of urine cytology in the diagnosis of 83 TCC cases that underwent 295 cytologic evaluation. All patients had biopsy-proven TCC of the bladder, ureter and renal pelvis. The overall incidence of the positive cytology cases was 66.2%. To define the cytologic features of tumor cells, we tried to use three cytologic gradings such as "grade 1", "grade 2", and "grade 3" according to the cytologic degree of anaplastic neoplastic cells. These cytologic gades of TCC were relatively well correlated with the histologic grade and tumor invasiveness. This result suggests that the recognition of characteristic cellular features of TCC can suspect the histologic grade and tumor stage. The false negative TCC cases were 78.9%. They showed severe inflammatory or bloody background and a few neoplastic cells. Therefore, a cautious approach for accurate interpretation, personal experience, and proper fixation and processing could expand the role of urinary cytology.

Immunohistochemical Detection of p53 Gene Mutation in Urine Samples in the Patients with Bladder Cancer.: Sang Sook Lee, Ji Yeon Bae, Yu Na Kang, Young Rok Cho, Nam Jo Park, Seun Young Kim, Jung Hi Kim; Korean J Cytopathol. 1996;7(2):144-150.

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Abstract PDF: Although bladder cancers are very common, little is known about their molecular pathogenesis. It is known, that p53 alteration is found in about 60%p of muscleinvasive bladder cancer, necessiating aggressive therapy and poor outcome. We examined the nuclear expression of p53 protein, using D07 monoclonal antibody in the urine samples, from 31 patients with transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder to investigate the correlation of p53 overexpression with histologic grades and depth of invasion. The positive rate of p53 protein was 27%o in superficial bladder tumor, but increased up to 71% in the invasive bladder carcinomas. The overexpression of p53 protein increased according to Mostofi grading system from 18% in grade I, 45% in grade Il, and up to 100% in grade ill. The p53 expression tended to be higher in the invasive and high grade bladder cancers than in the superficial and low grade ones(p<0.05). These results suggest that immunohistochemical analysis of the urine specimen in the bladder cancer patients could be a useful method of screening for the presence of p53 mutant protein. The mutant p53 protein expression may be an indicator of bladder cancer with more proliferative potential and/or aggressive biologic behavior.

Case Reports

Cytologic Findings of Polyomavirus Infection in the Urine: A Case Report.: Mi Seon Kwon, Young Shin Kim, Kyo Young Lee, Yeong Jin Choi, Chang Suk Kang, Sang In Shim; Korean J Cytopathol. 1996;7(2):192-196.

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Abstract PDF: The principal significance of the urothelial changes caused by polyomavirus activation is in an erroneous diagnosis of urothelial cancer; however, the clue to their benign nature is the smooth structureless nuclear configuration and the relative paucity of affected cells. Though virologic studies and electron microscopy are usually needed to firmly establish the diagnosis, cytology is the most readily available and rapid means of establishing a presumptive diagnosis of human polyomavirus infection. A urine specimen of a 24-year-old man with hemorrhagic cystitis beginning two months after bone marrow transplantation for acute myeloblastic leukemia(M2) was submitted for cytologic evaluation. Cytologic findings revealed a few inclusion-bearing epithelial cells intermingled with erythrocytes, neutrophils, lymphocytes, and macrophages. Most of the inclusion-bearing -cells had large, round to ovoid nuclei almost completely filed with homogeneous dark, basophilic inclusion. The chromatin was clumped along the periphery and the cytoplasm was mostly degenerated. The other cells exhibited irregular inclusions attached to the nuclear membrane surrounded by an indistinct halo. These findings were consistent with polyomavirus infection.

Urinary Cytologic Findings of Plasmacytoid Transitional Cell Carcinoma of the Urinary Bladder: A Case Report .: Mi Ok Park, Yong Jin Kim, Jae Bok Park; Korean J Cytopathol. 1999;10(1):67-71.

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Abstract PDF: We report a case of 53-year-old man with plasmacytoid transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder, which may be confused with plasmacytoma. The patient initially presented with gross hematuria and dysuria for two months. Cystoscopy and radiologic studies revealed multiple intraluminal protruding masses on the urinary bladder invading perivesical fat tissue. After urinary cytologic examination and cystoscopic biopsy, radical cystectomy and pelvic lymph node dissections were done. Urine cytology showed single cells and poorly cohesive cells with round eccentric nuclei, bi-or multi-nucleation, indistinct nucleoli, coarse chromatin, and abundant basophilic cytoplasm within relatively clear background. The cytologic findings of tumor cells were similar to the plasma cells seen in plasmacytoma. The tumor of the bladder was composed of discohesive, individual cancer cells with diffuse pattern that simulated lymphoma or plasmacytoma. Immunohistochemical and electron microscopic studies clearly established the epithelial nature of the neoplasm. Recognition of this plasmacytoid type of transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder can avoid the misdiagnosis.

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