- Protective Effects of Captopril in Radiation-Induced Renal Injury in Rats.
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Ji Yeon Bae, Eun Sook Chang, Ok Bae Kim
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Korean J Pathol. 2000;34(3):214-224.
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- The angiotensin I converting enzyme inhibitor (Captopril) has recently been studied extensively in various experimental models of radiation injury and has proven its protective effects in various organs, such as the lungs, gastrointestinal tract, and kidneys. Twenty-three Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into experimental and control group. The experimental group was divided into two large groups: the first one received a single dose of 18 Gy irradiation from an electron beam on the local field of the kidney region only, and the second group received captopril per oral continuously after the same doses of irradiation. The second experimental group was divided into four subgroups by captopril doses: 62.5 mg/l, 125 mg/l, 250 mg/l, and 500 mg/l, respectively.
On light and electron microscopy, the kidneys of the irradiated rats with no captopril treatment showed diffuse glomerular contraction, congestion with occlusion and focal necrosis of the endothelial, and mesangial cells. The tubules showed ballooning degeneration, desquamation, and diffuse coagulation necrosis. Captopril treated rats, especially those given a high dose (more than 250 gm/l), revealed a marked reduction of the tubular and glomerular injuries. There was a statistically significant difference in the degree of renal injury among the experimental groups (p<0.05). The result of this study suggests that an administration of high dose captopril might prevent radiation-induced renal injury, especially in the early post-irradiation period.
- Immunohistochemical Detection of p53 Gene Mutation in Urine Samples in the Patients with Bladder Cancer.
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Sang Sook Lee, Ji Yeon Bae, Yu Na Kang, Young Rok Cho, Nam Jo Park, Seun Young Kim, Jung Hi Kim
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Korean J Cytopathol. 1996;7(2):144-150.
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- Although bladder cancers are very common, little is known about their molecular pathogenesis. It is known, that p53 alteration is found in about 60%p of muscleinvasive bladder cancer, necessiating aggressive therapy and poor outcome.
We examined the nuclear expression of p53 protein, using D07 monoclonal antibody in the urine samples, from 31 patients with transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder to investigate the correlation of p53 overexpression with histologic grades and depth of invasion. The positive rate of p53 protein was 27%o in superficial bladder tumor, but increased up to 71% in the invasive bladder carcinomas. The overexpression of p53 protein increased according to Mostofi grading system from 18% in grade I, 45% in grade Il, and up to 100% in grade ill. The p53 expression tended to be higher in the invasive and high grade bladder cancers than in the superficial and low grade ones(p<0.05).
These results suggest that immunohistochemical analysis of the urine specimen in the bladder cancer patients could be a useful method of screening for the presence of p53 mutant protein. The mutant p53 protein expression may be an indicator of bladder cancer with more proliferative potential and/or aggressive biologic behavior.
- Diagnostic Application of p53 IMMUNOSTAINING in Bronchial Brush Specimens.
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Sang Sook Lee, Ji Yeon Bae, Yu Na Kang, Young Rok Cho, Si Nam Kim, Nam Jo Park, Seun Young Kim, Jung Hi Kim
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Korean J Cytopathol. 1996;7(2):163-168.
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- Abnormalities of p53 gene are common in lung cancers and are associated with immunologically detectable p53 protein. p53 immunoreactivity is uncommon in normal cells but is frequently seen in neoplasia. Therefore, assessment of p53 expression may assist in the cytological diagnosis of malignancy. The usefulness of p53 immunostaining as a marker of malignancy in the cytological analysis of bronchial brush specimens from the patients with lung cancers was investigated in this study. A total of 71 bronchial brush samples submitted for cytologic diagnosis were immunostained with D07, a monoclonal antibody to recombinant p53 protein.
Result
ant p53 data were correlated with cytologic diagnosis and clinical information. Of the 17 smears with a benign cytodiagnosis, all were p53 negative. Of the 40 cases with a malignant cytodiagnosis(histologically confirmed), 35 were p53 positive and 5 were negative. Of the 14 cases that were cytologically suspicious but nondiagnostic for malignancy, 11 were p53 positive, 9 of which were subsequently proved to be malignant by histologic examination, and the remaining 2 cases were tuberculosis clinically. Forty four of 51 histologically confirmed lung carcinomas were p53 positive, including 25 of 28 squamous cell carcinomas, 13 of 17 small cell carcinomas, 3 of 3 adeno- carcinomas, and 3 of 3 large cell undifferentiated carcinomas. These results suggest that p53 immunostaining could be of value as a marker of malignancy in the cytologic examination of bronchial brush specimens. Furthermore, we have shown the possible clinical utility of p53 immunostaining in cytopathological diagnosis, that is, as a valuable adjunct to morphological assessment in the analysis of cytopathologically suspicious cases.
- Cytologic Analysis of Malignant Effusion.
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Sang Pyo Kim, Ji Yeon Bae, Kwan Kyu Park, Kun Young Kwon, Sang Sook Lee, Eun Sook Chang, Chung Sook Kim
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Korean J Cytopathol. 1995;6(2):116-124.
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- Eighty cases of malignant effusion were cytologically studied to elucidate the incidence of primary tumor site and cytologic characteristics of each tumor types. Eighty fluid specimens were composed of 43 ascitic, 35 pleural, and 2 pericardial effusion and primary tumor site had been confirmed by histology. The frequent primary sites were stomach (22 cases, 28%), lung (21 cases, 26%), ovary (11 cases, 14%), liver (7 cases, 9%), and breast (4 cases, 5%).
The principal malignant tumors were adenocarcinoma (56 cases, 70%), squamous cell carcinoma (7 cases, 9%), liver cell carcinoma (7 cases, 9%), small cell carcinoma (4 cases, 5%), and non-Hodgkin}s lymphoma (4 cases, 5%). The distinctive cytologic findings according to primary tumor types were as follows ; the gastric adenocarcinomas were mainly characterized by isolated cells and irregular clusters sometimes with signet ring cells. Papillary serous cystadenocarcinoma of ovary showed frequently papillary clusters and occasional psammoma bodies. Breast carcinoma of ductal type showed cell balls with smooth margins. Colonic adenocarcinoma showed rather irregular clusters or palisading pattern of cylindrical cells. Metastatic squamous cell carcinoma, liver cell carcinoma, small cell carcinoma, and non-Hodgkin}s lymphoma showed also characteristic features. These findings indicate that the cytological features observed in the great majority of malignant effusion are similar to those of primary tumor types, which are very helpful to indentify the primary tumor site.
- Cytologic Findings of Giant Cell Carcinoma of the Lung.
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Cheol Hee Yun, Ji Yeon Bae, Sang Pyo Kim, Kun Young Kwon, Chung Sook Kim, Eun Sook Chang
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Korean J Cytopathol. 1994;5(2):154-159.
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- Pulmonary giant cell carcinoma is one of the most highly malignant neoplasms of the lung. Although mixed malignant glandular or squamous components may be associated with a giant cell carcinoma, it is a distinct clinical and morphologic entity. We reviewed cytologic presentations of 6 cases of pulmonary giant cell carcinoma. Cytologically, the single most characteristic feature of giant cell carcinoma was an extremely large, bizarre cancer cell engulfing numerous leukocytes. The nuclei of these cells showed occasional prominent nucleoli, and the cytoplasm was abundant. Giant cells were also seen in other types of pulmonary carcinoma, but the giant cells of this neoplasm could be differentiated from those encountered in undifferentiated large cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma by the abundant cytoplasm, the presence of markedly enlarged nuclei, prominent nucleoli, and an significant degree of phagocytosis, In conclusion, precise diagnosis and classification of lung cancer is imperative because of proved correlation between cell type and prognosis.
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