- A Morphometric Study of Glomerular Dimensions in Relation to Glomerular Location, Age and Sex in Koreans.
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Hyun Hee Lee, Hyeon Joo Lee, In Joon Choi
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Korean J Pathol. 1996;30(4):328-339.
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- As measurement of glomerular size in the assessment of several renal diseases becomes increasingly important, it has become necessary to devise rapid simple methods for the assessment of glomerular size and to have on hand reference ranges. A few reports on glomerular size have been published in Western literature, but their body builds are different from Koreans. In this study, 100 glomeruli(50 glomeruli each from the outer cortical and the juxtamedullary area) were measured in sections taken from 74 kidneys(ages 3 days~73 years) obtained from autopsy utilizing the semi-automatic image analyser. The percentage of glomerular sclerosis was measured based on its location. The sphere diameter, maximum diameter, area and sphere volume of non-sclerotic glomeruli were measured and evaluated with respect to age, sex and the location of the glomeruli. The results were as follows; 1) Mean glomerular dimensions including sphere and maximum diameter, area and sphere volume increased until 40 years of age, then reached a plateau. The percentage of sclerotic glomeruli then increased slowly with age but without statistical significance. 2) The glomerular dimensions and sclerosis showed no significant differences according to sex. 3) Juxtamedullary glomeruli were larger than the outer cortical ones which was statistically significant in age groups of 0~10, 11~20 and 41~50 years. The percentage of sclerotic glomeruli was generally greater in the outer cortex. 4) Differences in the values of glomerular dimensions between outer cortical and juxtamedullary area were similar in all age groups. 5) All parameters of measurement showed consistent and similar trends between the different groups.
6) The measurements of the largest 12 glomeruli out of randomly-selected 50 glomeruli gave similar results when compared with those of 50 glomeruli. It was evident from our results that glomerular size is influenced by age and glomerular location, but not by sex. The method of assessing glomerular size used in this study will not necessarily give the true, absolute value of size but it may be a simple, practical and useful method of comparing glomerular size in different groups of patients.
- Female Urethral Adenocarcinoma Possibly Arising in Paraurethral Gland: A case report.
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Hyun Hee Lee, Hyun Ee Yim, Nam Hoon Cho, Chanil Park
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Korean J Pathol. 1995;29(3):399-401.
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- Female urethral adenocarcinoma is one of the rare tumors. It has been thought to arise in the paraurethral Skene's gland, the transitional epithelium of proximal urethra or the urethral diverticulum. This is to report a urethral adenocarcinoma developed in a 51 year-old patient who had a past history of suburethral abscess 7 years ago, and to discuss its possible histogenetic origin. The tumor was located in the urethral wall and revealed a centrifugal growth pattern toward the anterior wall of uterus and vagina and an upward extension to the bladder neck. The tumor was composed mostly of well differentiated adenocarcinoma and partly of signet ring cell carcinoma. The urethral and bladder epithelia were well preserved without cancerous or precancerous changes, and there was no urethritis glandularis nor cystitis glandularis. The secretary material of the neoplastic glands was weakly positive for prostate specific antigen (PSA) and prostate specific acid phosphatase (PSAP). Although the tumor cells themselves were not reactive to PSA and PSAP, the histologic findings suggest that the urethral adenocarcinoma arises in the paraurethral Skene's gland which had probably been the site of abscess in this patient.
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