- Evaluation of Protein Expression in Housekeeping Genes across Multiple Tissues in Rats
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Hye Jeong Kim, Jong In Na, Byung Woo Min, Joo Young Na, Kyung Hwa Lee, Jae Hyuk Lee, Young Jik Lee, Hyung Seok Kim, Jong Tae Park
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Korean J Pathol. 2014;48(3):193-200. Published online June 26, 2014
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.4132/KoreanJPathol.2014.48.3.193
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- Background
Housekeeping genes, which show constant protein expression patterns between different tissue types, are very important in molecular biological studies as an internal control for protein research. MethodsThe protein expression profiles of seven housekeeping genes (HPRT1, PPIA, GYS1, TBP, YWHAZ, GAPDH and ACTB) in various rat tissues (cerebrum, cerebellum, cardiac ventricle and atrium, psoas muscle, femoral muscle, liver, spleen, kidney, and aorta) were analyzed by Western blot and compared by coefficient of variation (CV). ResultsHPRT1 was stably expressed (CV≤10%) in six tissues (cerebrum, cerebellum, ventricle, femoral muscle, spleen, and kidney), PPIA was stably expressed in five tissues (cerebrum, cerebellum, ventricle, spleen and kidney), YWHAZ was stably expressed in three tissues (cerebrum, cerebellum, and kidney), and GAPDH was stably expressed in four tissues (cerebrum, ventricle, psoas muscle, and kidney). In comparison, GYS1, TBP, and ACTB were found to have CV values over 10% in all tissues. Of the seven genes examined, four (HPRT1, PPIA, YWHAZ, and GAPDH) were found to be stably expressed across multiple organs, with low CV values (≤10%). ConclusionsThese results will provide fundamental information regarding internal controls for protein expression studies and can be used for analysis of postmortem protein degradation patterns in forensic medicine.
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- Melanotic Oncocytic Metaplasia of the Nasopharynx: A Report of Three Cases and Review of the Literature
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Joo Young Na, Yeong Hui Kim, Yoo Duk Choi, Ji Shin Lee
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Korean J Pathol. 2012;46(2):201-204. Published online April 25, 2012
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.4132/KoreanJPathol.2012.46.2.201
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8,910
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Melanotic oncocytic metaplasia of the nasopharynx is a rare condition which is characterized by the presence of usually a small, brown to black colored pigmented lesion around the Eustachian tube opening. Although it is a benign lesion, it may be clinically misdiagnosed as malignant melanoma. Microscopically, melanotic oncocytic metaplasia is a combination of oncocytic metaplasia of the epithelium of the gland and melanin pigmentation in its cytoplasm. In our present study, we report three cases of melanotic oncocytic metaplasia of the nasopharynx. All the three cases occurred in men and were presented as multiple black pigmented lesions around the torus tubarius. Microscopically, mucous glands with diffuse oncocytic metaplasia and numerous black pigments were observed. No cellular atypia was observed. Immunohistochemically, the scattering of S-100 protein-positive, and human melanoma black 45-negative dendritic melanocytes was evident. This is the first report of cases of melanotic oncocytic metaplasia of the nasopharynx in Korea.
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