Journal of Pathology and Translational Medicine

Volume 7(2); December 1973

Etcs

Histopathological Classification of Nephrotic Syndrome in Korean Adults: Hyun Soon Lee, Yong Il Kim, Sang Kook Lee; J Pathol Transl Med. 1973;7(2):81-88.

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Abstract: A light microscopic study of renal biopsy specimens from forty six cases of adult nephrotic syndrome, during a period of 1967 to 1973 at Seoul National University Hospital, was carried out and correlated to the response to corticosteroid therapy. These were classified into minimal change (8 cases), focal glomerulosclerosis (2 cases), mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis (9 cases), membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (14 cases), (epi)membranous nephropathy (4 cases), diabetes mellitus (5 cases), and chronic glomerulonephritis (4 cases). The frequency distribution of the three main histological groups was ‘membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis’ 30.4% ’mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis’ 19.6% and ’minimal change’ 17.4% The much lower incidence of membranous nephropathy was assumed to reflect the use of stricter histological criteria and/or geographical difference. Among 8 cases with minimal changes, who were mostly males, 6 cases revealed complete remission by corticosteroid therapy. Though total 3 cases of focal glomerulosclerosis and membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis responded completely to steroid therapy, most cases with various structural glomerular alterations rather exhibited poor remission by treatment.

A Study on Malignant Lymphoma and Lymphoid Leukemia -It’s Differential Diagnosis from the Hematological Cytological and Histopathological Aspects-: Yeong Hi Choi, Sang In Kim; J Pathol Transl Med. 1973;7(2):91-101.

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Abstract: As it has been experienced that the differential diagnosis of malignant lymphoma and lymphoid leukemia is a quite frequent problem to the hematologists and surgical pathologists, we made an attempt to clarify it from the hematological, cytological and histopathological aspects with the accumulated materials at the Section of Hematology and Surgical Pathology, Clinical Laboratories, College of Medicine, Seoul National University. The materials consisted of 153 cases of malignant lymphoid and 3 cases of lymphoid leukemia diagnosed by lymph node biopsy, and 101 cases of lymphoid leukemia and 36 cases of malignant lymphoma diagnosed by peripheral blood and bone marrow examinations during the period of January 1969 to September 1973. Original diagnosis were re-evaluated and the results were summerized as follows : 1. Among 153 cases of malignant lymphoma were 73 cases of lymphocytic type, 44 histiocytic type, 8 mixed type, 14 Hodgkin’s disease 14 undifferentiated and unclassified type. While in lymphoid leukemia, 99 were acute type and only 2 cases were chronic type. 2. Leukemic manifestations in the peripheral blood were observed in 25% out of 153 cases of malignant lymphoma. 3. Male to female sex ratio was 2.0 : 1 in malignant lymphoma, while it was 1.8 : 1 in acute lymphoid leukemia. 4. The peak age incidence was 30 to 45 years of age in malignant lymphoma but in acute lymphoid leukemia it ranged from 1 to 15 years of age. 5. The hemoglobin and Hct. in initial stage of diagnosis revealed normal or slightly decreased values in majority cases of malignant lymphoma while it revealed moderate to marked decrease in acute lymphoid leukemia. 6. WBC counts at the initial stage of malignant lymphoma were normal or moderately decreased in majority of cases, but majority of acute lymphoid leukemia case revealed either marked leukocytosis or marked leukopenia. 7. In differential counts, the malignant lymphoma cases without leukemic manifestations revealed marked lymphopenia while those cases of lymphoma with leukemic manifestations revealed considerable increase in number of lymphoid cells but far less than that of acute lymphoid leukemia. Presence of immature granulocytes and eosinophils in peripheral blood was a frequent association of the malignant lymphoma. 8. Lymphosarcoma cells in peripheral blood was a prominent feature of the malignant Iymphoma, however differential diagnosis between each type of lymphoma was extremely difficult by cytological characteristics. 9. Of bone marrow differential count, the mean value of lymphoid cells was 27.4% in total cases of malignant lymphoma and there appeared relatively more lymphoid cells in those cases with leukemic manifestations in peripheral blood while it was 76.6% in acute lymphoid leukemia. Normoblasts, megakaryocytes and granulocytes were relatively high in number in the malignant lymphoma while they were markedly depressed in acute lymphoid leukemia. 10. Histo-pathological findings of lymph node biopsy of the acute lymphoid leukemias comparing to those of lymphoma illustrated monotonous and uniform cellular pattern, less mitosis, more fibrosis, diffuse invasion of capsules and evidences of extramedulary hemopoiesis in subcapsular spaces.

Experimental Studies on Relationship between Hyperplastic Hepatic Nodule and Hepatic Megalocytosis of the Liver: Chong Man Kim, Yong Il Kim, Chae Koo Lee; J Pathol Transl Med. 1973;7(2):103-109.

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Abstract: Experimental induction of hyperplastic hepatic nodules was carried out by administration of p-dimethylaminoazobenzene in rats, to correlate with hepatic megalocytosis and to clarify sequence of precancerous lesion. Hyperplastic hepatic nodules and megalocytosis were induced in most of rats following administration of p-DAB : megalocytosis developed during the initial phase (before the 12th wk) of carcinogenesis, and showed a tendency to spread panlobularly from periportal distribution. Those paralleled with increase of compensatory mitotic index following hepatic cell damages by ingestion of p-DAB. Megalocytic index diminished during the phase of hyperplastic nodules and hepatocellular carcinomas, and illustrated no direct relationship with carcinogenesis. Number of hyperplastic nodules regressed with prolongation of experimental duration after cessation of administrating p-DAB. There was a strong evidence to indicate that megalocytosis and compensatory proliferation of hepatocytes would preceed in the p-DAB induced hepatic carcinogenesis and the latter only undergoes into precancerous phase of hyperplastic hepatic nodule.

Atypical Fibroadenomas of Breast in Women Receiving Oral Contraceptives -A Histological Reappraisal-: Jung Bin Lee, Yong Il Kim, Chae Koo Lee; J Pathol Transl Med. 1973;7(2):111-119.

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Abstract: Histopathological features of 4 atypical fibroadenomas of breast in women receiving oral contraceptives were compared with those of fibroadenomas in lactating and pregnant period and common fibroadenomas, to specify morphological characteristics of these atypical neoplastic growths and to correlate with administration of oral contraceptives. Fibroadenomas found among women taking contraceptive pills were able to divide into 2 types ; atypical glandular and ductal hyperplasia with secretory activity (epithelial type), and stromal cell hyperplasia with more prominent cleft formation of ducts with or without multinucleated cells (stromal type). They appeared partly similar to those seen in 5 fibroadenomas in lactating and pregnant period. It was highly suggestive that atypicality of fibroadenomas of the women receiving oral contraceptives may be related to high hormonal millieu. However, at present, it is hard to determine definite cause-and-result relationship between the atypical features and administration of oral contraceptives.

Studies on the Normal Values of Clinical Chemistry among Koreans: Chang-Se Kim, Man-Hee Cho, Jong-Hee Cha, Choon-Nam Koh, Je-Yoon Park; J Pathol Transl Med. 1973;7(2):121-126.

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Abstract: The normal values of clinical chemistry among Koreans were calculated based on the laboratory records, and were obtained by means of N.E.D. and probability graph. The probability graph was more superior than N.E.D. in comparison with those two methods. The values calculated by authors among Koreans were lower than western countries in view of normal value (mid-point of normal range) and were wider than those in normal range.

Alveolar Cell Carcinoma of the Lung -An Electron Microscopic Study-: Geung Hwan Ahn, Jae Yun Ro, Won Ha Yoo, Sun Ho Kim, Hyun Pil Shin, Sang Bin Park, Chung Kil Kim*, Jung Suk Kim**, Chan Il Park**, Yoo Bock Lee**, Sang Kook Lee***, Eui Keun Ham***, Yong Il Kim***; J Pathol Transl Med. 1973;7(2):127-134.

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Abstract: Alveolar cell carcinoma constitutes only 1 to 8% of all primary lung malignancies but it has occasioned considerable controversy about its histogenesis, morphology and prognostic implication. Authors experienced recently a case of alveolar cell carcinoma of the lung occurring in a 64-year-old male. He was admitted for the evaluation of coughing and expectoration of sputum for 3 months. X-ray film of chest showed diffuse radio-opacity of the left lower lobe of lung. Bronchoscopy was unrevealing. Exploratory thoracotomy and left lower lobectomy was performed to show diffuse consolidation involving entire left lower lobe of the lung. Grossly, cut surface exhibited diffusely yellow white or pale grayish firm lobar consolidation, which resembled lobar pneumonia in the stage of gray hepatization or lipoid pneumonia. Microscopically, proliferating columnar epithelia were supported by thin or slightly thickened alveolar septa, presenting an alveolar pattern of growth. Electron microscopically, the tumor cells lining the alveolar basement membrane had ultrastructural features resembling pneumonocyte type B. It was concluded that the tumor cells in this alveolar cell carcinoma were derived from pneumonocyte type B.

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