Journal of Pathology and Translational Medicine

Original Articles

Clinicopathological Significance of Invasive Ductal Carcinoma with High Prevalence of CD44(+)/CD24(-/low) Tumor Cells in Breast Cancer.: Ji Youn Sung, Gou Young Kim, Yong Koo Park, Juhie Lee, Youn Wha Kim, Sung Jig Lim; Korean J Pathol. 2010;44(4):390-396.; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4132/KoreanJPathol.2010.44.4.390

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BACKGROUND
Epithelial tumor cells with a CD44(+)/CD24(-/low) immunoprofile may have the ability to cause breast cancer. We studied these cells and their clinicopathological significance.
METHODS
The clinicopathologic findings of 100 invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) cases and 45 ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) cases were reviewed. CD44(+)/CD24(-/low) tumor cells were identified by immunohistochemistry, and their clinicopathological implications in IDC and DCIS were analyzed.
RESULTS
IDC with a high prevalence of CD44(+)/CD24(-/low) tumor cells was significantly associated with larger mass, higher grade, estrogen receptor (ER) negativity, and tumor cells with a higher frequency of metastasis. The proportion of CD44(+)/CD24(-/low) tumor cells in IDC, and its DCIS components was not significantly different, whereas the proportion of CD44(+)/CD24(-/low) tumor cells was higher in DCIS than in the DCIS component of IDC (p < 0.001).
CONCLUSIONS
IDC with a high prevalence of CD44(+)/CD24(-/low) tumor cells might correlate with aggressive features, such as ER and higher grades. Moreover, the proportion of CD44(+)/CD24(-/low) tumor cells in the DCIS components of IDC and DCIS might harbor different biology, which may lead to differences in cancer progression and early carcinogenesis.

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Clinicopathologic Characteristics of Breast Cancer Stem Cells Identified on the Basis of Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 1 Expression
Yoon Seok Kim, Min Jung Jung, Dong Won Ryu, Chung Han Lee
Journal of Breast Cancer.2014; 17(2): 121. CrossRef
CD44/CD24 as potential prognostic markers in node-positive invasive ductal breast cancer patients treated with adjuvant chemotherapy
Agnieszka Adamczyk, Joanna A. Niemiec, Aleksandra Ambicka, Anna Mucha-Małecka, Jerzy Mituś, Janusz Ryś
Journal of Molecular Histology.2014; 45(1): 35. CrossRef

Enhanced CD24 Expression in Colorectal Cancer Correlates with Prognostic Factors.: Yoon La Choi, Hua Xuan Yan, Sang Jeon Lee, Seon Mee Park, Wun Jae Kim, Hee Jin Kim, Seok Hyung Kim; Korean J Pathol. 2006;40(2):103-111.

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Abstract PDF: BACKGROUND
CD24 was originally described as a B cell-specific marker, however its aberrant expression in various solid tumors has recently been reported. Our objective was to determine the pattern and extent of the CD24 expression in colorectal cancer and its related lesions, and to clarify its correlation with clinico-pathological parameters and especially those associated with patients' prognoses.
METHODS
A total of 307 colorectal cancers and the related lesions (150 carcinomas, 30 high-grade adenomas, 49 low-grade adenomas, 41 hyperplastic polyps, and 37 normal colorectal epithelia) were immunohistochemically analyzed by treating CD24 monoclonal antibody onto tissue embedded paraffin blocks.
RESULTS
CD24 expression was very rarely observed in the normal epithelia, hyperplastic polyps, and low-grade adenomas; however, in high-grade adenomas, the CD24 expression was shown to be mildly increased in the cytoplasm (13.3%). In carcinomas, the CD24 expression was increased substantially in both the membrane (38.0%) and the cytoplasm (44.7%). The expression of CD24 in the membrane was positively correlated with tumor size (p<0.01). The CD24 expression in the cytoplasm was positively correlated with several unfavorable parameters, including a larger tumor size (p<0.01), a higher tumor grade (p<0.01), a higher rate of tumor invasion (p<0.05), and a higher pTNM stage (p<0.05).
CONCLUSION
High levels of CD24 expression in the membrane and cytoplasm were characteristic in colorectal cancer, and the cytoplasmic CD24 expression was correlated with several unfavorable clinical parameters.

CD24 Expression in Gastric Adenocarcinoma Is Associated with Tumor Invasiveness.: Kyeong Cheon Jung, Jae Nam Seo, Tae Woon Kim, Young Mi Choi, Kwon Ik Oh, Hun Ho Song, Hyung Sik Shin, Young Euy Park; Korean J Pathol. 2004;38(6):388-393.

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Abstract PDF: BACKGROUND
CD24, also referred to as the heat stable antigen in mice, is a glycosyl phosphatidylinositol- linked glycoprotein expressed by thymocytes, B cells, neutrophils and immature neuronal cells. It has been recently observed in a variety of human malignancy. Here, we demonstrated the expression of CD24 in gastric adenocarcinomas.
METHODS
A total of 40 gastric adenocarcinomas and 20 tubular adenomas were immunohistochemically examined for the expression of CD24 and matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) proteins. The immunoreactivity of CD24 was semiquantitatively scored (0, 1+, 2+) and compared with clinicopathologic variables and MMP-2 expression in tumor cells.
RESULTS
CD24 was rarely expressed in normal gastric tissue and not expressed in tubular adenoma. In contrast, a moderate/strong expression (2+) of CD24 was observed in 25% of gastric adenocarcinomas, and 30% cases showed a weak CD24 staining (1+). Moreover, CD24 expression was significantly correlated with the depth of tumor invasion and MMP-2 expression.
CONCLUSION
These results suggest that the aberrant expression of CD24 in gastric adenocarcinomas might be associated with tumor progression and invasiveness.

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