Thymoma is the most common neoplasm of the anterior mediastinum and has malignant potential. Germ cell tumors (GCTs) found in the anterior mediastinum are usually benign, and malignant GCTs, such as seminomas, are rare. Histologically, mediastinal seminoma is indistinguishable from testicular seminoma except for site-associated morphological features such as lymphoid follicular hyperplasia. Therefore, excluding metastasis is very important. Recently, we treated a young adult patient with multiple thymic masses that occurred simultaneously. The patient underwent a thymectomy for the removal of the mediastinal masses, one of which was diagnosed as type B2 invasive thymoma, and two of which were diagnosed as primary mediastinal seminomas with massive follicular hyperplasia. The patient received adjuvant chemotherapy after surgical resection. To our knowledge, this is the first description of a thymoma and a mediastinal seminoma occurring simultaneously in the thymus. We present this case along with a literature review.
Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by
Primary germ cell tumours of the mediastinum: A review with emphasis on diagnostic challenges Alexander Fichtner, Alexander Marx, Philipp Ströbel, Felix Bremmer Histopathology.2024; 84(1): 216. CrossRef
Combined type A thymoma and yolk sac tumour of the mediastinum Dong Sheng, Yu-Chen Han Pathology.2024; 56(6): 927. CrossRef
Combined Thymic Epithelial Neoplasms – a Review Annikka Weissferdt International Journal of Surgical Pathology.2023; 31(6): 917. CrossRef
Primary mediastinal seminoma presenting with paraneoplastic anti-Hu encephalitis: a case report and literature review Chelsey M. Williams, Derek B. Allison, Adam B. Coleman, Roshmita Bardhan, Jordan D. Miller, Zin W. Myint Frontiers in Oncology.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Primary mediastinal seminoma with florid follicular lymphoid hyperplasia: a case report and review of the literature Charlotte Holmes, Peh Sun Loo, Sion Barnard Diagnostic Pathology.2021;[Epub] CrossRef