Granular cell tumor (GCT) is a slow-growing benign neoplasm that can be found in any organ. Pediatric laryngotracheal GCT is rare. We experienced a 6-year-old boy suffering from a barking cough and symptoms of stridor and croup for one month. Head and neck computed tomography revealed a protruding mass that occluded 60% of the airway lumen. Under the impression of hemangioma or papilloma, excision revealed a submucosal non-encapsulated mass. Histologically, the mass was composed of sheets of large polyhedralshaped tumor cells containing plump eosinophilic granular cytoplasm and centrally placed, small, bland-appearing nuclei. The tumor cells were positive for S-100 protein, and voluminous eosinophilic cytoplasm was stained by diastase-resistant periodic acid-Schiff. The present report describes a unique case of a huge pediatric laryngeal GCT extending to the subglottic trachea. We also review the clinical course of pediatric laryngotracheal GCT and emphasize the importance of diagnosing GCT in children.
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Pediatric granular cell tumor of the larynx: A case report and literature review Jing Ke, Junwei Xiong, Juhong Zhang, Haiyu Ma, Wei Yuan Journal of Cancer Research and Therapeutics.2023; 19(4): 1070. CrossRef
Angioleiomyoma is a rare disease that is histologically characterized by smooth muscle cells arranged around vascular spaces. Although angioleiomyomas occur rarely in the head and neck region, they can cause various symptoms according the site involved. Here, we present a 44-yearold male patient with a 15-year history of asthma, who presented with recent onset of chest discomfort, globus sensation and throat pain. Medication was not effective in relieving his symptoms, and further evaluation revealed a polypoid ovoid mass, almost obstructing the airway at the border of the larynx and upper trachea on chest computed tomography. The mass was completely resected via a rigid bronchoscopy procedure. Histopathologic examination revealed that the excised mass was angioleiomyoma, which was immunohistochemically positive for smooth muscle actin and negative for desmin.
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Angioleiomyoma of the Epiglottis Mimicking Epiglottic Hemangioma: Clinical Experience and Literature Review Yang-Yang Bao, Xiao-Jie Shi, Li-Bo Dai, Yu Guo, Hong-Tian Yao, Shui-Hong Zhou Ear, Nose & Throat Journal.2022; : 014556132211000. CrossRef
Angioleiomyoma of the Larynx: A Case Report and Literature Review Federica Perardi, Giuseppe Abbate, Leonardo R. Iannuzzelli, Rossella Contini, Manuela De Munari, Francesco G. Sciuto, Monica Leutner, Antonio Scotti Ear, Nose & Throat Journal.2020; 99(10): 658. CrossRef
Flexible bronchoscopy and cryoextraction for critical airway obstruction caused by an endobronchial angioleiomyoma Sumit Chatterji, Efrat Ofek, Tiberiu Shulimzon Respirology Case Reports.2019;[Epub] CrossRef
Neurilemmomas of the trachea are extremely rare. The most common site of them is the distal third of the trachea and the age of the patients at presentation varied from 6 to 78 years old. They usually have a freqeuntly very long natural history, causing symptoms only after they have attained a considerable size. We experienced a case of near-total obstruction of the trachea by an intraluminal sessile neurilemmoma. The patient was a 66-year-old man with 2-year history of progressive exertional dyspnea and had several episodes of pneumonitis associated with productive cough.
Grossly, the tumor was a well-circumscribed mass.
Microscopically, typical cellular Antoni A and myxoid Antoni B areas were revealed.
Cytopathologic findings of two cases of adenoid cystic carcinoma of the trachea are reported. The carcinomas grew as a intratracheal mass. By bronchial washing, brushing and/ or post-bronchoscopic sputum cytology, large cohesive sheets, lobulated clusters, or three dimensional ball-like structures were obtained. They had numerous cyst-like spaces containing characteristic globular basophilic material. The tumor cells were uniform and had a small amount of cytoplasm. Nuclei were small and hyperchromatic. Nucleoli were occasionally observed. The cytological diagnosis was confirmed by bronchoscopic biopsies.
Tracheal gaenesis is an extremely rare congenital anomaly and is characterized by totally or partially undeveloped trachea. In many instances, the lesion has been associated with malformations in other organ systems. This anomaly is classified into 3 types based on developmental period of the respiratory tract. We report a case of tracheal agenesis with tracheoesophageal fistula in a 2-hour-old male.
Postmortem examination revealed that the upper and mid portion of the trachea was absent but 1 cm segment of the trachea above the carina was present. The proximal end to this trachea opened to the esophagus by a fistula, 1 cm in diameter. The well-formed larynx ended blindly in a fibrous sac at which thyroids and cartilage islands are noted.
Associated anomalies were bilobed right lung and single umbilical artery.