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Original Articles
- Expression of p27kip1, Cyclin D1 and p53 Protein in Ductal Carcinoma In Situ of the Breast.
- Young Lyun Oh, Sang Yong Song, Jong Sun Choi, Young Hyeh Ko, Hwoe J Ree, Geung Hwan Ahn
- Korean J Pathol. 1999;33(9):709-716.
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Abstract
PDF - p27(kip1) protein, a cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor, has been reported to be a powerful negative prognostic marker in patients with breast carcinoma. However, to this day, studies on p27(kip1) protein expression in ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) have been extremely limited. We studied the immunohistochemical expression of p27(kip1) protein in 49 cases of the DCIS and compared the findings to the clinicopathologic parameters, cyclin D1, p53 and estrogen receptor (ER). Positive nuclear staining of p27(kip1) protein was identified in 23 (46.9%) cases. The p27(kip1) protein expression correlated positively with the cyclin D1 immunopositivity (p<0.005) and ER expression (p<0.005). No significant associations were seen in the p27(kip1) protein expression and clinicopathologic parameters. The overexpression of cyclin D1 (59.2% of the cases) correlated positively with ER expression (p<0.001). The p53 protein expression was identified in 30.6% and seemed to be correlated inversely with ER expression (p=0.06). The DCISs with high grade nuclei were more likely to be p53-positive (p<0.05). Our data suggest that the expression of p27(kip1) protein as well as cyclin D1 and p53 protein may be influenced by the ER status in DCIS. The significantly positive correlation of p27(kip1) protein and cyclin D1 expression (p<0.005) supports the theory that the balance of the two opposing signals is important in determining the cell proliferation in breast cancers. Therefore, a comprehensive understanding of loop reaction of p27(kip1)-cyclin D1-ER may be necessary for the treatment of DCIS.
- Expression of p34(cdc2), p27(Kip1), p21(WAF1/Cip1) and p53 in Human Breast Cancers.
- Dong Hoon Kim, Chan Kum Park, Ho Jung Lee, Won Mi Lee, Eun Kyung Kim, Jong Eun Joo
- Korean J Pathol. 2005;39(6):391-400.
- 1,662 View
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Abstract
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- BACKGROUND
Cell cycle progression is governed by cell cycle regulators and inhibitors such as the cyclin dependent kinases (CDK), p27(Kip1), p21(WAF1/Cip1) and p53. The purpose of this study was to correlate expressions of p34(cdc2), p27(Kip1), p21(WAF1/Cip1) and p53 with the various clinicopathologic prognostic parameters of human breast cancers.
METHODS
The paraffin-embedded tissue sections from 102 patients with human breast carcinomas were examined by performing immunohistochemical staining. The primary antibodies used for immunohistochemical staining were mouse monoclonal antibody to human p34(cdc2), p27(Kip1), p21(WAF1/Cip1), p53, ER and PR.
RESULTS
The expression rates of p34(cdc2), p21(WAF1/Cip1) and p53 were 29.3%, 40.2% and 49.1% in breast carcinomas, respectively. In normal breast tissues, p34(cdc2), p21(WAF1/Cip1) and p53 were not expressed. The p34(cdc2) was expressed in the cytoplasm of cancer cells. The expression rate of p27(Kip1) was 29.3% in breast carcinomas and 100% in normal breast tissues, so the loss of p27(Kip1) expression in breast cancer was noted. The high expression of p21(WAF1/Cip1) in neoplastic cells was associated with the p53 expression (p=0.03). The expression of p27(Kip1) was correlated with that of the progesterone receptor (PR) (p=0.04) and the expression of p21(WAF1/Cip1) was correlated with that of positivity for estrogen receptor (ER) (p=0.04) and PR (p=0.04). No correlation was demonstrated between the mean patient survival and the expression rate of p34(cdc2), p27(Kip1), p21(WAF1/Cip1) and p53.
CONCLUSIONS
The loss of the normal cell growth cycle by the abnormal expression of cyclin dependent kinases and their inhibitors and the steroid hormones may play an important role in human breast carcinogenesis. The p53 dependent p21(WAF1/Cip1) pathway, the p27(Kip1) protein loss and the cdc2 overexpression were important in development and progression of human breast cancer.
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