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Cancers with Higher Density of Tumor-Associated Macrophages Were Associated with Poor Survival Rates
Kyong Yeun Jung, Sun Wook Cho, Young A Kim, Daein Kim, Byung-Chul Oh, Do Joon Park, Young Joo Park
J Pathol Transl Med. 2015;49(4):318-324.   Published online June 17, 2015
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4132/jptm.2015.06.01
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AbstractAbstract PDF
Background
Macrophages are a component of a tumor’s microenvironment and have various roles in tumor progression and metastasis. This study evaluated the relationships between tumor-associated macrophage (TAM) density and clinical outcomes in 14 different types of human cancers. Methods: We investigated TAM density in human tissue microarray sections from 14 different types of human cancers (n = 266) and normal thyroid, lung, and breast tissues (n = 22). The five-year survival rates of each cancer were obtained from the 2011 Korea Central Cancer Registry. Results: Among 13 human cancers, excluding thyroid cancer, pancreas, lung, and gallbladder cancers had the highest density of CD163-positive macrophages (7.0±3.5%, 6.9±7.4%, and 6.9 ± 5.5%, respectively). The five-year relative survival rates of these cancers (pancreas, 8.7%; lung, 20.7%; gallbladder, 27.5%) were lower than those of other cancers. The histological subtypes in thyroid cancer exhibited significantly different CD163-positive macrophages densities (papillary, 1.8 ± 1.6% vs anaplastic, 22.9 ± 17.1%; p < .001), but no significant difference between histological subtypes was detected in lung and breast cancers. Moreover, there was no significant difference in CD163-positive macrophages densities among the TNM stages in lung, breast, and thyroid cancers. Conclusions: Cancers with higher TAM densities (pancreas, lung, anaplastic thyroid, and gallbladder) were associated with poor survival rate.

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Expressions of Id-1 and Id-2 in Hyperplastic Thyroid Tissue and Thyroid Carcinoma.
Young A Kim, Young Joo Park, Do Joon Park, Seong Hoe Park, Ji Eun Kim
Korean J Pathol. 2006;40(1):60-65.
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AbstractAbstract PDF
BACKGROUND
Id proteins are a family of helix-loop-helix proteins and are regarded to be negative regulators of cell differentiation. In general, Id-1 and Id-2 expressions are upregulated during tumor development and progression in a variety of neoplasms, and these expressions may be associated with aggressive tumor behavior. However, little is known about the roles of Id-1 and Id-2 in thyroid neoplasms.
METHODS
The expressions of Id-1 and Id-2 were assessed immunohistochemically in 310 normal, hyperplastic, and neoplastic thyroid tissues using tissue microarrays.
RESULTS
Normal thyroid tissues rarely expressed Id-1 or Id-2. Moreover, whilst Id-1 expression was more elevated in malignant thyroid tissue than in hyperplastic thyroid tissue, Id-2 expression was more variable. No significant differences were observed between histologic subtypes of thyroid carcinomas with respect to Id-1 or Id-2 expression. Follicular adenomas showed higher expressions of Id-1 and Id-2 than thyroid carcinomas. No significant association was found between clinicopathological parameters and Id-1 expression, though Id-2 expression was significantly reduced in metastatic, stage IV tumors.
CONCLUSION
The expressions of Id-1 and Id-2 were elevated in hyperplastic and neoplastic thyroid tissues. However, neither appears suitable as a marker of malignancy or an aggressive phenotype, although Id-2 expression in advanced thyroid carcinomas may reflect a favorable prognosis.

J Pathol Transl Med : Journal of Pathology and Translational Medicine
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