This study reports a case of anaplastic transformation from a well-differentiated thyroid carcinoma in a young patient. The first recurrent tissue contained poorly differentiated foci that revealed lower thyroglobulin, thyroid transcription factor 1 (TTF-1), and galectin-3 expression than the well-differentiated area. However there was no increased p53 or Ki-67 expression in the poorly differentiated foci, nor in the well-differentiated area. The tissue subsequently relapsed and revealed only anaplastic features, complete loss of thyroglobulin, TTF-1, and galectin-3 expression and revealed an increase in p53 and Ki-67 expression. The BRAF V600E and BRAF V600V mutation were found in the initially diagnosed papillary thyroid carcinoma and the poorly differentiated foci of the recurring papillary thyroid carcinoma; however, only the BRAF V600V mutation was found in the anaplastic carcinoma. These results suggest that overexpression of p53 and Ki-67 contributed to the anaplastic transformation. We also found that the BRAF type changed during the tumor relapse.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  

• Immunomodulation exerted by galectins: a land of opportunity in rare cancers
  Laura Díaz-Alvarez, Georgina I. López-Cortés, Erandi Pérez-Figueroa
  Frontiers in Immunology.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Coexisting well-differentiated and anaplastic thyroid carcinoma in the same primary resection specimen: immunophenotypic and genetic comparison of the two components in a consecutive series of 13 cases and a review of the literature
  Moira Ragazzi, Federica Torricelli, Benedetta Donati, Alessia Ciarrocchi, Dario de Biase, Giovanni Tallini, Eleonora Zanetti, Alessandra Bisagni, Elisabetta Kuhn, Davide Giordano, Andrea Frasoldati, Simonetta Piana
  Virchows Archiv.2021; 478(2): 265.     CrossRef
• HDAC Inhibition Induces PD-L1 Expression in a Novel Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer Cell Line
  Luca Hegedűs, Dominika Rittler, Tamás Garay, Paul Stockhammer, Ildikó Kovács, Balázs Döme, Sarah Theurer, Thomas Hager, Thomas Herold, Stavros Kalbourtzis, Agnes Bankfalvi, Kurt W. Schmid, Dagmar Führer, Clemens Aigner, Balázs Hegedűs
  Pathology & Oncology Research.2020; 26(4): 2523.     CrossRef
• EWSR1 rearrangement is a frequent event in papillary thyroid carcinoma and in carcinoma of the thyroid with Ewing family tumor elements (CEFTE)
  G. Oliveira, A. Polónia, J. M. Cameselle-Teijeiro, D. Leitão, S. Sapia, M. Sobrinho-Simões, C. Eloy
  Virchows Archiv.2017; 470(5): 517.     CrossRef
• Anaplastic carcinoma of the thyroid in a 12-year old girl
  Rodrigo Mon, James Newlon
  Journal of Pediatric Surgery Case Reports.2015; 3(9): 404.     CrossRef

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  

• A Comprehensive Approach to the Thyroid Bethesda Category III (AUS) in the Transition Zone Between 2nd Edition and 3rd Edition of The Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology: Subcategorization, Nuclear Scoring, and More
  Merve Bagıs, Nuray Can, Necdet Sut, Ebru Tastekin, Ezgi Genc Erdogan, Buket Yilmaz Bulbul, Yavuz Atakan Sezer, Osman Kula, Elif Mercan Demirtas, Inci Usta
  Endocrine Pathology.2024; 35(1): 51.     CrossRef
• Evaluation of the Efficacy of Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data Systems Classification in Risk Stratification and in the Management of Thyroid Swelling by Comparing It With Fine-Needle Aspiration Cytology and Histopathological Examination
  Abhishek K Saw, Zenith H Kerketta, Khushboo Rani, Krishna Murari, Kritika Srivastava, Ajay Kumar, Sunny LNU, Anish Baxla, Nabu Kumar, Nusrat Noor
  Cureus.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
• A COMPARATIVE STUDY BETWEEN CONVENTIONAL METHOD AND THE BETHESDA SYSTEM FOR REPORTING THYROID CYTOPATHOLOGY
  Pooja Mangal, Arti Gupta
  GLOBAL JOURNAL FOR RESEARCH ANALYSIS.2023; : 67.     CrossRef
• Study of Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology (FNAC) of Thyroid Gland According to the Bethesda System
  Keval A Patel, Garima Anandani, Bhawana S Sharma, Riddhi A Parmar
  Cureus.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Correlation of Thyroid Fine Needle Aspiration Biopsy With Histopathological Results
  Cemalettin Durgun
  Cureus.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
• The Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology: Validating at Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital
  Kunjan Acharya, Shreya Shrivastav, Prashant Triipathi, Bigyan Raj Gyawali, Bijaya Kharel, Dharma Kanta Baskota, Pallavi Sinha
  International Archives of Otorhinolaryngology.2022; 26(01): e097.     CrossRef
• Validating the ‘CUT score’ risk stratification tool for indeterminate thyroid nodules using the Bethesda system for reporting thyroid cytopathology
  Sapir Pinhas, Idit Tessler, Luba Pasherstnik Bizer, Khaled khalilia, Meir Warman, Meital Adi, Doron Halperin, Oded Cohen
  European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology.2022; 279(1): 383.     CrossRef
• ANALYSIS OF FINE NEEDLE ASPIRATIONS OF THE THYROID: CYTOLOGICAL-HISTOPATHOLOGICAL CORRELATION AND OUTCOMES OF THE BETHESDA SYSTEM
  Ayca TAN
  SDÜ Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi.2022; 29(2): 213.     CrossRef
• Reproducibility of Cytomorphological Diagnosis and Assessment of Risk of Malignancy of Thyroid Nodules Based on the Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology
  Sasmita Panda, Mamita Nayak, Lucy Pattanayak, Paresh Kumar Behera, Sagarika Samantaray, Sashibhusan Dash
  Journal of Microscopy and Ultrastructure.2022; 10(4): 174.     CrossRef
• Comparative analysis of cytomorphology of thyroid lesion on conventional cytology versus liquid-based cytology and categorize the lesions according to The Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology
  M Qamar Alam, Pinki Pandey, Megha Ralli, Jitendra Pratap Singh Chauhan, Roopak Aggarwal, Vineet Chaturvedi, Asttha Kapoor, Kapil Trivedi, Savita Agarwal
  Journal of Cancer Research and Therapeutics.2022; 18(Suppl 2): S259.     CrossRef
• Thyroid cytology in Pakistan: An institutional audit of the atypia of undetermined significance/follicular lesion of undetermined significance category
  Saira Fatima, Rabia Qureshi, Sumbul Imran, Romana Idrees, Zubair Ahmad, Naila Kayani, Arsalan Ahmed
  Cytopathology.2021; 32(2): 205.     CrossRef
• Outcomes of the Bethesda system for reporting thyroid cytopathology: Real‐life experience
  Galit Avior, Or Dagan, Isaac Shochat, Yulia Frenkel, Idit Tessler, Alona Meir, Anat Jaffe, Oded Cohen
  Clinical Endocrinology.2021; 94(3): 521.     CrossRef
• National differences in cost analysis of Afirma Genomic sequencing classifier
  Ohad Ronen, Maya Oichman
  Clinical Endocrinology.2021; 94(4): 717.     CrossRef
• Thyroid malignancy rates according to the Bethesda reporting system in Israel - A multicenter study
  Ory Madgar, Galit Avior, Isaac Shochat, Ben-Zion Joshua, Lior Baraf, Yuval Avidor, Avi khafif, Niddal Assadi, Eran E. Alon
  European Journal of Surgical Oncology.2021; 47(6): 1370.     CrossRef
• Application of the Bethesda system for reporting thyroid cytopathology for classification of thyroid nodules: A clinical and cytopathological characteristics in Bhutanese population
  Sonam Choden, Chimi Wangmo, Sushna Maharjan
  Diagnostic Cytopathology.2021; 49(11): 1179.     CrossRef
• Malignancy rates in thyroid nodules classified as Bethesda categories III and IV; a subcontinent perspective
  Adnan Zahid, Waqas Shafiq, Khawaja Shehryar Nasir, Asif Loya, Syed Abbas Raza, Sara Sohail, Umal Azmat
  Journal of Clinical & Translational Endocrinology.2021; 23: 100250.     CrossRef
• The combination of ACR‐Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data system and The Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology in the evaluation of thyroid nodules—An institutional experience
  Shanmugasundaram Sakthisankari, Sreenivasan Vidhyalakshmi, Sivanandam Shanthakumari, Balalakshmoji Devanand, Udayasankar Nagul
  Cytopathology.2021; 32(4): 472.     CrossRef
• Ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration cytology and ultrasound examination of thyroid nodules in the UAE: A comparison
  Suhail Al-Salam, Charu Sharma, Maysam T. Abu Sa’a, Bachar Afandi, Khaled M. Aldahmani, Alia Al Dhaheri, Hayat Yahya, Duha Al Naqbi, Esraa Al Zuraiqi, Baraa Kamal Mohamed, Shamsa Ahmed Almansoori, Meera Al Zaabi, Aysha Al Derei, Amal Al Shamsi, Juma Al Kaa
  PLOS ONE.2021; 16(4): e0247807.     CrossRef
• Incidence, Clinical Characteristics, and Histopathological Results of Atypia of Undermined Significance in a Tertiary Center in UAE
  Maha Osman Shangab, Azza Abdulaziz Khalifa, Fatheya Al Awadi, Mouza Alsharhan, Alaaeldin Bashier
  Dubai Diabetes and Endocrinology Journal.2021; 27(1): 1.     CrossRef
• McGill Thyroid Nodule Score in Differentiating Thyroid Nodules in Total Thyroidectomy Cases of Indeterminate Nodules
  Hadi A Al-Hakami, Reem Al-Mohammadi, Rami Al-Mutairi, Haya Al-Subaie, Mohammed A Al Garni
  Indian Journal of Surgical Oncology.2020; 11(2): 268.     CrossRef
• The Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology: A Cytohistological Study
  Bakiarathana Anand, Anita Ramdas, Marie Moses Ambroise, Nirmal P. Kumar
  Journal of Thyroid Research.2020; 2020: 1.     CrossRef
• Differences in cytopathologist thyroid nodule malignancy rate
  Ohad Ronen, Hector Cohen, Eyal Sela, Mor Abu
  Cytopathology.2020; 31(4): 315.     CrossRef
• Thyroid Multimodal Ultrasound Evaluation—Impact on Presurgical Diagnosis of Intermediate Cytology Cases
  Andreea Borlea, Dana Stoian, Laura Cotoi, Ioan Sporea, Fulger Lazar, Ioana Mozos
  Applied Sciences.2020; 10(10): 3439.     CrossRef
• Fine-needle aspiration cytology of nodular thyroid lesions: A 1-year experience of the thyroid cytopathology in a large regional and a University Hospital, with histological correlation
  Kaumudi Konkay, Radhika Kottu, Mutheeswaraiah Yootla, Narendra Hulikal
  Thyroid Research and Practice.2019; 16(2): 60.     CrossRef
• Review of a single institution's fine needle aspiration results for thyroid nodules: Initial observations and lessons for the future
  Ohad Ronen, Hector Cohen, Mor Abu
  Cytopathology.2019; 30(5): 468.     CrossRef
• Strain Elastography as a Valuable Diagnosis Tool in Intermediate Cytology (Bethesda III) Thyroid Nodules
  Dana Stoian, Florin Borcan, Izabella Petre, Ioana Mozos, Flore Varcus, Viviana Ivan, Andreea Cioca, Adrian Apostol, Cristina Adriana Dehelean
  Diagnostics.2019; 9(3): 119.     CrossRef
• Improvement of diagnostic performance of pathologists by reducing the number of pathologists responsible for thyroid fine needle aspiration cytology: An institutional experience
  Jae Yeon Seok, Jungsuk An, Hyun Yee Cho
  Diagnostic Cytopathology.2018; 46(7): 561.     CrossRef
• Bethesda Classification and Cytohistological Correlation of Thyroid Nodules in a Brazilian Thyroid Disease Center
  Kassia B. Reuters, Maria C.O.C. Mamone, Elsa S. Ikejiri, Cleber P. Camacho, Claudia C.D. Nakabashi, Carolina C.P.S. Janovsky, Ji H. Yang, Danielle M. Andreoni, Rosalia Padovani, Rui M.B. Maciel, Felipe A.B. Vanderlei, Rosa P.M. Biscolla
  European Thyroid Journal.2018; 7(3): 133.     CrossRef
• The impact of rapid on‐site evaluation on thyroid fine‐needle aspiration biopsy: A 2‐year cancer center institutional experience
  Ricardo G. Pastorello, Camila Destefani, Pedro H. Pinto, Caroline H. Credidio, Rafael X. Reis, Thiago de A. Rodrigues, Maryane C. de Toledo, Louise De Brot, Felipe de A. Costa, Antonio G. do Nascimento, Clóvis A. L. Pinto, Mauro A. Saieg
  Cancer Cytopathology.2018; 126(10): 846.     CrossRef
• The Use of the Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology in Korea: A Nationwide Multicenter Survey by the Korean Society of Endocrine Pathologists
  Mimi Kim, Hyo Jin Park, Hye Sook Min, Hyeong Ju Kwon, Chan Kwon Jung, Seoung Wan Chae, Hyun Ju Yoo, Yoo Duk Choi, Mi Ja Lee, Jeong Ja Kwak, Dong Eun Song, Dong Hoon Kim, Hye Kyung Lee, Ji Yeon Kim, Sook Hee Hong, Jang Sihn Sohn, Hyun Seung Lee, So Yeon Pa
  Journal of Pathology and Translational Medicine.2017; 51(4): 410.     CrossRef
• Thyroid FNA cytology in Asian practice—Active surveillance for indeterminate thyroid nodules reduces overtreatment of thyroid carcinomas
  K. Kakudo, M. Higuchi, M. Hirokawa, S. Satoh, C. K. Jung, A. Bychkov
  Cytopathology.2017; 28(6): 455.     CrossRef
• Thyroid Fine-Needle Aspiration Cytology Practice in Korea
  Yoon Jin Cha, Ju Yeon Pyo, SoonWon Hong, Jae Yeon Seok, Kyung-Ju Kim, Jee-Young Han, Jeong Mo Bae, Hyeong Ju Kwon, Yeejeong Kim, Kyueng-Whan Min, Soonae Oak, Sunhee Chang
  Journal of Pathology and Translational Medicine.2017; 51(6): 521.     CrossRef
• Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology: A three-year study at a tertiary care referral center in Saudi Arabia
  Mohamed Abdulaziz Al Dawish, Asirvatham Alwin Robert, Aljuboury Muna, Alkharashi Eyad, Abdullah Al Ghamdi, Khalid Al Hajeri, Mohammed A Thabet, Rim Braham
  World Journal of Clinical Oncology.2017; 8(2): 151.     CrossRef
• A meta‐analytic review of the Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology: Has the rate of malignancy in indeterminate lesions been underestimated?
  Patrizia Straccia, Esther Diana Rossi, Tommaso Bizzarro, Chiara Brunelli, Federica Cianfrini, Domenico Damiani, Guido Fadda
  Cancer Cytopathology.2015; 123(12): 713.     CrossRef
• Value of TIRADS, BSRTC and FNA-BRAFV600E mutation analysis in differentiating high-risk thyroid nodules
  Yu-zhi Zhang, Ting Xu, Dai Cui, Xiao Li, Qing Yao, Hai-yan Gong, Xiao-yun Liu, Huan-huan Chen, Lin Jiang, Xin-hua Ye, Zhi-hong Zhang, Mei-ping Shen, Yu Duan, Tao Yang, Xiao-hong Wu
  Scientific Reports.2015;[Epub]     CrossRef
• A study of malignancy rates in different diagnostic categories of the Bethesda system for reporting thyroid cytopathology: An institutional experience
  P. Arul, C. Akshatha, Suresh Masilamani
  Biomedical Journal.2015; 38(6): 517.     CrossRef
• Diagnostic accuracy of Bethesda system for reporting thyroid cytopathology: an institutional perspective
  Samreen Naz, Atif Hashmi, Amna khurshid, Naveen Faridi, Muhammad Edhi, Anwar Kamal, Mehmood Khan
  International Archives of Medicine.2014; 7(1): 46.     CrossRef

Mucinous cystadenocarcinoma (MCA) in the breast is a rare neoplasm. There have been 13 cases of primary breast MCA reported. The MCA presents as a large, partially cystic mass in postmenopausal woman with a good prognosis. The microscopic findings resemble those of ovarian, pancreatic, or appendiceal MCA. The aspiration findings showed mucin-containing cell clusters in the background of mucin and necrotic material. The cell clusters had intracytoplasmic mucin displacing atypical nuclei to the periphery. Histologically, the tumor revealed an abundant mucin pool with small floating clusters of mucin-containing tumor cells. There were also small cysts lined by a single layer of tall columnar mucinous cells, resembling those of the uterine endocervix. The cancer cells were positive for mucin (MUC) 5 and negative for MUC2 and MUC6. This mucin profile is different from ordinary mucinous carcinoma and may be a unique characteristic of breast MCA.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  

• Mucinous cystadenocarcinoma of the breast harbours TRPS1 expressions and PIK3CA alterations
  Wei‐Yu Chen, Yu‐Hsuan Hu, Yu‐Hsin Tsai, Jen‐Fan Hang, Puay Hoon Tan, Chih‐Jung Chen
  Histopathology.2024; 84(3): 550.     CrossRef
• Pure mucinous adenocarcinoma of the breast with the rare lymphoplasmacytic infiltration: A case report with review of literature
  Yash Hasmukhbhai Prajapati, Vishal Bhabhor, Kahan Samirkumar Mehta, Mithoon Barot, Husen Boriwala, Mohamed Omar
  Clinical Case Reports.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
• HER2‐positive mucinous cystadenocarcinoma of the breast coexisting with invasive lobular carcinoma: A case report and review of the literature
  Ismail Guzelis, Betul Bolat Kucukzeybek, Mehmet Ali Uyaroglu, Melek Bekler Gokova, Gulten Sezgin, Yuksel Kucukzeybek
  Diagnostic Cytopathology.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Mammary mucinous cystadenocarcinoma with long-term follow-up: molecular information and literature review
  Ting Lei, Yong Qiang Shi, Tong Bing Chen
  Diagnostic Pathology.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Primary Mucinous Cystadenocarcinoma of the Breast Intermixed with Pleomorphic Invasive Lobular Carcinoma: The First Report of This Rare Association
  Federica Vegni, Nicoletta D’Alessandris, Angela Santoro, Giuseppe Angelico, Giulia Scaglione, Angela Carlino, Damiano Arciuolo, Michele Valente, Stefania Sfregola, Maria Natale, Alejandro Martin Sanchez, Valeria Masciullo, Gian Franco Zannoni, Antonino Mu
  Journal of Personalized Medicine.2023; 13(6): 948.     CrossRef
• Special Histologic Type and Rare Breast Tumors – Diagnostic Review and Clinico-Pathological Implications
  Benjamin Yongcheng Tan, Elaine Hsuen Lim, Puay Hoon Tan
  Surgical Pathology Clinics.2022; 15(1): 29.     CrossRef
• Mucinous cystadenocarcinoma of the breast: a new entity with broad differentials—a case report
  Kanwalpreet Kaur, Ashini Shah, Jahnvi Gandhi, Priti Trivedi
  Journal of the Egyptian National Cancer Institute.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Mucinous carcinoma of the breast: distinctive histopathologic and genetic characteristics
  Minjung Jung
  Kosin Medical Journal.2022; 37(3): 176.     CrossRef
• Primary Mucinous Cystadenocarcinoma of the Breast: A Rare Case Report With Review of Literature
  Ekta Jain, Abhishek Kumar, Raajul Jain, Shivani Sharma
  International Journal of Surgical Pathology.2021; 29(7): 740.     CrossRef
• Mucinous Cystadenocarcinoma of the Breast: Report of 2 Cases Including One With Long-Term Local Recurrence
  Anupma Nayak, Ira J. Bleiweiss, Kimberly Dumoff, Tawfiqul A. Bhuiya
  International Journal of Surgical Pathology.2018; 26(8): 749.     CrossRef
• Mucinous breast carcinoma with tall columnar cells
  N Tsoukalas, M Kiakou, M Tolia, ID Kostakis, M Galanopoulos, G Nakos, D Tryfonopoulos, G Kyrgias, G Koumakis
  The Annals of The Royal College of Surgeons of England.2018; 100(5): e132.     CrossRef
• Radiologic Findings of Primary Mucinous Cystadenocarcinoma of the Breast: A Report of Two Cases and a Literature Review
  Minjung Seong, Eun Young Ko, Boo-Kyung Han, Soo Youn Cho, Eun Yoon Cho, Se Kyung Lee, Jeong Eon Lee
  Journal of Breast Cancer.2016; 19(3): 330.     CrossRef
• Primary Mucinous Cystadenocarcinoma of the Breast with Endocervical-Like Mucinous Epithelium
  Dong-Liang Lin, Ji-Lin Hu, Shi-Hong Shao, Dong-Mei Sun, Ji-Gang Wang
  Breast Care.2013; 8(6): 445.     CrossRef