Journal of Pathology and Translational Medicine

Case Study

Unusual biclonal IgA plasma cell myeloma with aberrant expression of high-risk immunophenotypes: first report of a new diagnostic and clinical challenge: Carlos A. Monroig-Rivera, Clara N. Finch Cruz; J Pathol Transl Med. 2023;57(2):132-137. Published online March 14, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4132/jptm.2023.02.07

Abstract PDF: IgA plasma cell myeloma (PCM) has been linked to molecular abnormalities that confer a higher risk for adverse patient outcomes. However, since IgA PCM only accounts for approximately 20% of all PCM, there are very few reports on high-risk IgA PCM. Moreover, no such reports are found on the more infrequent biclonal IgA PCM. Hence, we present a 65-year-old Puerto Rican female with acute abdominal pain, concomitant hypercalcemia, and acute renal failure. Protein electrophoresis with immunofixation found high IgA levels and detected a biclonal IgA gammopathy with kappa specificity. Histomorphologically, bone marrow showed numerous abnormal plasma cells (32%) replacing over 50% of the marrow stroma. Immunophenotyping analysis detected CD45-negative plasma cells aberrantly expressing CD33, CD43, OCT-2, and c-MYC. Chromosomal analysis revealed multiple abnormalities including the gain of chromosome 1q. Thus, we report on an unusual biclonal IgA PCM and the importance of timely diagnosing aggressive plasma cell neoplasms.

Case Report

Bilateral Elastofibroma: Report of a case.: Sung Chul Lim, Mi Sook Lee, You Kyung Jeong, Yun Shin Kim, Hyun Jong Park, Mi Ja Lee; Korean J Pathol. 1997;31(6):589-591.

Abstract PDF: Elastofibroma is a rare benign tumor-like condition manifesting as firm and spherical mass with poorly circumscribed margins of fibroelastic tissue, occuring in the subscapular region or the chest wall of elderly persons. It is not a true neoplasm but rather a reactive or degenerative process causing abnormal elastogenesis. It is unilateral in the majority of cases and the right side is affected more commonly than the left. We report a case of bilateral elastofibromas removed from both subscapular regions of a 73-year-old female farmer. She was presented with tender masses on the bilateral subscapular areas for seven years. Microscopically, it consisted of a mixture of intertwining broad eosinophilic collagen bundles and elastic fibers associated with a few fibroblasts and mature fat cells. The elastic fibers had a degenerated beaded appearance or were fragmented into serrated globules in a linear arrangement.

Original Article

Minocycline Attenuates the Development of Allodynia: An Immunohistochemical Study on CD11b, GFAP and c-Fos in the Spinal Dorsal Horn in SD Rat.: Gu Kang, Ki Young Choi, Min Sup Lee, Young Jun Ahn, Seong Sik Kang, Il Young Cheong, Wanjoo Chun, Sung Soo Kim; Korean J Pathol. 2004;38(5):311-318.

Abstract PDF: BACKGROUND
Minocycline, a semisynthetic second-generation tetracycline, is an antibiotic that has excellent ability to penetration into the CNS via the brain-blood barrier. Minocycline has emerged as a potent inhibitor of microglial activation, and it is an effective neuroprotective agent in experimental brain ischemia. Glial cell activation and proliferation are known to be associated with neuropathic pain in the peripheral nerve injuries.
METHODS
The fifty percent threshold of withdrawal responses was measured in the hindpaws of SD rats following tight ligation of left fifth lumbar spinal nerve. Rats were sacrificed at 1, 3, 5, and 7 days and at 0.5, 1, 2, and 4 h post ligation (n=5/group/time point). Immunohistochemistry for GFAP, CD11b and c-Fos was done on the spinal cord at the level of the fifth lumbar nerve. Minocycline (45 mg/kg) and normal saline (300-400 microL) were administered intraperitoneally, 1 day and 1 h before the operations, and every day postoperatively until the rats were sacrificed.
RESULTS
Treatment with minocycline reduced allodynia and the expressions of CD11b at 5 days and c-Fos at 1 and 2 h post operation compared with the saline treatment (control). CONCLUSIONS: It was thought that minocycline reduced the allodynia induced by tight ligation of the fifth lumbar spinal nerve in rats through the inhibition of microglial activation and c-Fos expression.

Case Report

Mesenteric Cystic Lymphangioma with Sustained Abdominal Pain : Report of a case.: Gyeong Hoon Kang, Yong Il Kim, Woo Ho Kim, In Sung Song, Kyoo Wan Choi; Korean J Pathol. 1991;25(5):488-490.

Abstract: A case of cystic lymphangioma of the mesentery with severe and persistent abdominal pain in a 22-year-old man is presented. The cyst was filled with chylous fluid. Microscopically, numerous nerve bundles were incorporated within the lymphangiomatous walls, and some protruded into the lumen. The above findings lead to a suggestion that mesenteric lymphangioma may differ from those in the other sites by its abundance of incorporation of nerve bundles into the lymphangiomatous walls, and that increase of tumor size by intracystic accumulation of chylous fluid may subsequently result in increase of intraluminal pressure to compress the nerve bundles with which abdominal pain is much enhanced.

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