A case of primary non-clear-cell adenocarcinoma of the vagina is reported occurring in a 65-year-old woman without exposure to diethylstilbestrol(DES) in utero. The adenocarcinoma did not appear to be associated with vaginal adenosis. It lacked clear cell component and interestingly composed of columnar epithelial cells of endocervical-type Cytologically round to oval unclei revealed one or more small nucleoli and fine granular chromatin pattern. Cytoplasm was pulmp, faintly basophilic and homogeneously stained. Histologically well differentiated columnar epithelial cells were arranged in trabecular pattern mainly, and also occasional glandular lumina and small solid sheets were found. Mitoses were hardly found.