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An Experimental Study on the Effect of Drugs to the Bone Marrow and Peripheral Blood in Rabbits
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HOME > J Pathol Transl Med > Volume 8(2); 1974 > Article
Etc An Experimental Study on the Effect of Drugs to the Bone Marrow and Peripheral Blood in Rabbits
Journal of Pathology and Translational Medicine 1974;8(2):79-89
DOI: https://doi.org/
Department of Clinical Pathology, College of Medicine Seoul National University
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An experimental study was performed to understand the nature of pancytopenia and/or aplastic anemia due to drugs, and to provide the data for the further experiments to detect the pathogenesis of drug induced aplastic anemia. Facing high prevalence rate of aplastic anemia in Korea authors believe that some of these cases are due to toxic herb medicine, some of them being included in this experiment. A group of 5 to 7 rabbits were treated with chloramphenical, phenylbutazone, herb medicines - Buza, Daekeok, Choho and Banha for upto 5 months. The detailed changes of peripheral blood and bone marrow were analysed in weekly bases. The following results were obtained. 1. A pancytopenia and bone marrow hypoplasia that is compatible with aplastic anemia was induced in each one of the chloramphenicol, phenylbutazone and Daekeok treated rabbit group. The degree of aplastic marrow changes were most prominent in CM treated rabbit and the changes due to phenylbutazone and the Daekeok was milder than that of CM. 2. In those cases with aplastic blood and marrow picture, the decrease of platelet count was first appearing and constant finding, while the decrease of hemoglobin and reticulocyte was a subsequent finding of constant and progressive one, the leukopenia or relative lymphocytosis were variable according to the drugs and rabbits. The bone marrow of these aplastic cases disclosed an increased fat, decreased number of nucleated cells with decreased granulocytic and megakaryocytic series, increased proportion of lymphocytes, plasma cells and reticulum cells in relative number. Increased number of mast cells was one of constant findings. 3. Though transient, the peripheral blood of many rabbits in each drug-treated groups disclosed a thrombocytopenia, anemia or decreased reticulocyte count and/or leukopenia. This tendency was more frequent in those groups treated with chloramphenicol, phenylbutazone and Daekeok. The bone marrow in these cases did not showed any significant hypoplasia, however there was a relatively increased number of lymphocytes, plasma cells and reticulum cells. The mast cells was also encountered occasionally. 4. The peripheral blood of some rabbits, especially in those treated with herb medicine disclosed a transient increase of some blood cells, however the bone marrows did not disclosed any particular changes. 5. Even with same drug, the peripheral blood and bone marrow exhibited a considerable variations according to the individual animal, duration of drug administration and the site of bone marrows obtained. 6. Pancytopenia with bone marrow hypoplasia or aplasia due to drugs may be attributable to the kind of drugs and ice duration of drug administration, however, the species and individual susceptibility of animals to the particular drug seems to play a key role in this sort of experiment. The authors highly suspect the pathogenetical correlation of mast cells in the drug induced aplasia of bone marrow.

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