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Department of Pathology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
1Department of Pathology and Translational Genomics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
2Department of Pathology, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
3Department of Pathology, Inje University Ilsan Paik Hospital, Inje University, Goyang, Korea
4Department of Pathology, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
5Department of Pathology, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea
6Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
7Department of Pathology, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Korea
8Department of Pathology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
9Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
10Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea
© 2017 The Korean Society of Pathologists/The Korean Society for Cytopathology
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Conflicts of Interest
No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.
Gene | Representative subtypes or variants | Frequency | Targeted agents |
---|---|---|---|
Mutations | |||
EGFR | Exon 19 deletion, Exon 21 L858R, Exon 20 T790M | 40%–50% in ADCsa | Gefitinib, erlotinib, afatinib, osimertinib |
10%–20% in ADCsb | |||
KRAS | G12X, G13X, G61X | 5%–10% in ADCsa | MEK inhibitors |
20%–30% in ADCsb | |||
BRAF | V600E | 1%–4% in ADCs | Vemurafenib, dabrafenib, |
HER2 | p.A775 G776insYVMA in exon 20 | 1%–2% in ADCs | Trastuzumab, afatinib |
MET | Splice site mutations around or in exon 14 | 3%–4% in ADCs | Crizotinib, cabozantinib |
Gene fusions | |||
ALK | EML4-ALK, TGF-ALK, KIF5B-ALK | 5% in ADCs | Crizotinib, ceritinib, alectinib |
ROS1 | CD74-ROS1, EZR-ROS1, SLC34A2-ROS1, SDC4-ROS1 | 1% in ADCs | Crizotinib, ceritinib |
RET | KIF5B-RET, CCDC6-RET | 1% in ADCs | Cabozantinib, vandetanib, alectinib |
NTRK1 | MPRIP-NTRK1 and CD74-NTRK1, TPM3-NTRK1 | < 1% in ADCs | Entrectinib |
FGFR1/3 | FGFR3-TACC3, BAG4-FGFR1 | 1% in NSCLCs | FGFR inhibitor |
NRG1 | CD74-NRG1, SLC3A2-NRG1, VAMP2-NRG1 | 7% in mucinous ADCs | NA |
Amplifications | |||
FGFR1 | Gene amplification | 13%–22% in SQCs | FGFR inhibitor |
EGFR | Gene amplification | 8%–9% in SQCs, | EGFR inhibitor |
MET | Gene amplification | 2%–4% in ADCs | Crizotinib |
HER2 | Gene amplification | 1%–2% in ADCs | Trastuzumab, afatinib |