Journal of Pathology and Translational Medicine

Shi Nae Lee

15 Articles

Prevalence and Genotype Distribution of Cervical Human Papillomavirus DNA in Korean Women: A Multicenter Study.: Sung Ran Hong, In Sun Kim, Dong Won Kim, Mi Jin Kim, Ae Ree Kim, Young Ok Kim, Hye Sun Kim, Seo Hee Rha, Gyeong Sin Park, Yong Koo Park, Yong Wook Park, Ho Sung Park, Kwang Sun Suh, Jin Hee Sohn, Mi Kyung Shin, Hoon Kyu Oh, Ki Jung Yun, Hye Kyoung Yoon, Shi Nae Lee, Ah Won Lee, Hyo Jin Lee, Hyun Yee Cho, Chan Choi, Woon Won Jung; Korean J Pathol. 2009;43(4):342-350.; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4132/KoreanJPathol.2009.43.4.342

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Background
DNA prevalence and type distribution of human papillomavirus (HPV) varies geographically. We investigated HPV prevalence and type distribution in Korean women using the MyHPV DNA chip testing. Methods: A total of 2,368 women from five regions of the country underwent Pap smear examination and MyHPV chip testing. Results: Overall HPV positivity was 15.8% and 78.4% in women with normal and abnormal cytology, respectively. High-risk HPV infection was strongly correlated with cytological atypia. In women with abnormal cytology, the five most common HPV types were 16, 58, 18, 52, and 56/53, and HPV16 was significantly the most common type in most geographical regions. After HPV16, HPV58, and 52 were the next most frequently detected types. Women with normal cytology, in contrast, showed heterogeneity in HPV type distribution. High-grade intraepithelial lesions infected with HPV16, 18, 31 or 45 are more likely to progress to carcinoma. Conclusions: The HPV chip test can provide useful data regarding HPV positivity and type. The most common HPV type in Korean women with abnormal cytology is HPV16, with HPV58 and 52 being frequently present. Our data may have important implications for vaccination programs and the development of cervical screening.

Citations

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HPV genotyping by L1 amplicon sequencing of archived invasive cervical cancer samples: a pilot study
Charles D. Warden, Preetam Cholli, Hanjun Qin, Chao Guo, Yafan Wang, Chetan Kancharla, Angelique M. Russell, Sylvana Salvatierra, Lorraine Z. Mutsvunguma, Kerin K. Higa, Xiwei Wu, Sharon Wilczynski, Raju Pillai, Javier Gordon Ogembo
Infectious Agents and Cancer.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Enhanced disease progression due to persistent HPV-16/58 infections in Korean women: a systematic review and the Korea HPV cohort study
Jaehyun Seong, Sangmi Ryou, JeongGyu Lee, Myeongsu Yoo, Sooyoung Hur, Byeong-Sun Choi
Virology Journal.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
Comparison of FFPE histological versus LBP cytological samples for HPV detection and typing in cervical cancer
Geehyuk Kim, Hyemi Cho, Dongsup Lee, Sunyoung Park, Jiyoung Lee, Hye-young Wang, Sunghyun Kim, Kwang Hwa Park, Hyeyoung Lee
Experimental and Molecular Pathology.2017; 102(2): 321. CrossRef
Distribution of Oncogenic Human Papillomavirus Genotypes at High Grade Cervical Lesions above CIN 2 Grade with Histological Diagnosis
Geehyuk Kim, Sungyoung Park, Hye-young Wang, Sunghyun Kim, Sangjung Park, Kwangmin Yu, Boohyung Lee, Seung-Ju Ahn, Eun-Joong Kim, Dongsup Lee
Biomedical Science Letters.2016; 22(2): 37. CrossRef
Human Papillomavirus Prevalence and Genotype Distribution in Normal and ASCUS Specimens: Comparison of a Reverse Blot Hybridization Assay with a DNA Chip Test
Sunghyun Kim, In-soo Lee, Dongsup Lee
Biomedical Science Letters.2015; 21(1): 32. CrossRef
Genotype Analysis of Human Papilloma Virus Infection in Accordance with Cytological Diagnoses
Mi-Suk Park, Hyun-Wook Cho, Jin-Gak Kim, Nan-Young Bae, Dong-Sun Oh, Ho-Hyun Park
Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science.2015; 47(1): 39. CrossRef
Comparison of the Cobas 4800 HPV and HPV 9G DNA Chip Tests for Detection of High-Risk Human Papillomavirus in Cervical Specimens of Women with Consecutive Positive HPV Tests But Negative Pap Smears
Sun-Young Jun, Eun Su Park, Jiyoung Kim, Jun Kang, Jae Jun Lee, Yoonjin Bae, Sang-Il Kim, Lee-So Maeng, Magdalena Grce
PLOS ONE.2015; 10(10): e0140336. CrossRef
Uncommon and Rare Human Papillomavirus Genotypes Relating to Cervical Carcinomas
Na Rae Kim, Myunghee Kang, Soon Pyo Lee, Hyunchul Kim, Jungsuk An, Dong Hae Chung, Seung Yeon Ha, Hyun Yee Cho
Korean Journal of Pathology.2014; 48(1): 43. CrossRef
Evaluation of Human Papillomavirus Genotyping from Formalin-fixed Paraffin-embedded Specimens in Cervical Cancers
Hyunwoo Jin
Journal of Life Science.2014; 24(9): 1025. CrossRef
Comparative Evaluation of the HPV28 Detection and HPV DNA Chip Test for Detecting and Genotyping Human Papillomaviruses
Eunsim Shin, Heojin Bae, Wan-Keun Song, Sun-Kyung Jung, Yoo-Sung Hwang
Laboratory Medicine Online.2013; 3(4): 234. CrossRef
Significance of HPV-58 Infection in Women Who Are HPV-Positive, Cytology-Negative and Living in a Country with a High Prevalence of HPV-58 Infection
Joon Seon Song, Eun Ju Kim, Jene Choi, Gyungyub Gong, Chang Ohk Sung, Robert D. Burk
PLoS ONE.2013; 8(3): e58678. CrossRef
REBA HPV-ID® for efficient genotyping of human papillomavirus in clinical samples from Korean patients
Sunghyun Kim, Dongsup Lee, Sangjung Park, Tae Ue Kim, Bo-Young Jeon, Kwang Hwa Park, Hyeyoung Lee
Journal of Medical Virology.2012; 84(8): 1248. CrossRef
Dynamin 2 expression as a biomarker in grading of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia
Yoo-Young Lee, Sang Yong Song, In-Gu Do, Tae-Joong Kim, Byoung-Gie Kim, Jeong-Won Lee, Duk-Soo Bae
European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology.2012; 164(2): 180. CrossRef
Cytomorphologic Features According to HPV DNA Type in Histologically Proven Cases of the Uterine Cervix
In Ho Choi, So-Young Jin, Dong Wha Lee, Dong Won Kim, Yoon Mi Jeen
The Korean Journal of Pathology.2011; 45(6): 612. CrossRef
Human Papillomavirus Prevalence in Gangwon Province Using Reverse Blot Hybridization Assay
Dongsup Lee, Sunghyun Kim, Sangjung Park, Hyunwoo Jin, Tae Ue Kim, Kwang Hwa Park, Hyeyoung Lee
The Korean Journal of Pathology.2011; 45(4): 348. CrossRef
Pediatric vulvar squamous cell carcinoma in a liver transplantation recipient: a case report
Na-Rae Kim, Soyi Lim, Hyun Yee Cho
Journal of Gynecologic Oncology.2011; 22(3): 207. CrossRef

Expression of Hypoxia Inducible Factor-1alpha in Invasive Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Uterine Cervix Treated by Radiotherapy.: Kyung Ja Lee, Min Sun Cho, Seung Cheol Kim, Hae Sung Moon, Hyesook Park, Shi Nae Lee, Sun Hee Sung, Ki Nam Shim, Kyung Eun Lee, Sung Ae Jung, Kwon Yoo, Hae Young Park, Soo Yeun Park, Eun Sun Yoo, Hyun Suk Suh; Korean J Pathol. 2005;39(5):307-312.

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Abstract PDF: BACKGROUND
Hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha (HIF-1alpha) is an intrinsic marker of tumor hypoxia, and this is associated with reduced radiosensitivity. Furthermore, HIF-1alpha can increase a tumor's aggressiveness by promoting neoangiogenesis, cell proliferation and survival, and invasion.
METHODS
The expression of HIF-1alpha was was investigated by performing immunohistochemistry on the cervical tissue specimens obtained from 57 patients who had received radiotherapy combined with or without chemotherapy for stages I-III cervical squamous cell carcinoma. The staining results were compared with anemia, the stage, the radiotherapy response and patient survival by univariate and multivariate analysis.
RESULTS
In 57 patients, the expression of HIF-1alpha was seen in the tissue specimens of 46 patients (81.7%). Among them, 25 (54.3%), 14 (30.4%), and 7 (15.2%) of the patients' tissue specimens showed weak, moderate and strong expressions, respectively. Six patients had a partial response after radiotherapy. Twelve patients (21.1%) died of cervical cancer. The increased expression of HIF-1alpha was significantly associated (p<0.05) with the disease stage and anemia. There were significant positive correlations between the increased expression of HIF-1alpha and the poor response after radiotherapy and the patients' survival.
CONCLUSIONS
The present result suggests that the overexpression of HIF-1alpha in the uterine cervix could be used as a prognostic indicator for the patients treated with radiotherapy.

Loss of PTEN Expression in Breast Cancers.: Sun Hee Chang, Shi Nae Lee, Min Sun Cho, Heasoo Koo, Woon Sup Han, Seock Ah Im, Byung In Moon, Hyun Suk Suh, Hye Young Choi, Sun Hee Sung; Korean J Pathol. 2005;39(4):236-241.

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Abstract PDF: Background
: PTEN, located on chromosome 10q23.31, is a novel tumor suppressor gene. In the sporadic breast cancers, the incidence of the loss of heterozygosity of PTEN is approximately 10% to 40%, but the incidence of intragenic mutation of PTEN is less than 1%. To as- sess the role of the PTEN in the invasive ductal breast cancer, we studied the frequency of the loss of PTEN expression, its correlation with the commonly used prognostic factors of the breast cancer and with PTEN promoter hypermethylation status. Methods : Immunohistochemical staining with an anti-PTEN protein antibody was performed on the paraffin-embedded breast tissues from 129 women with a diagnosis of invasive ductal carcinoma. Methylation specific PCR was performed to detect hypermethylation in the PTEN gene on the 28 cases with the loss of PTEN expression.
Results
: Sixty-two (48%) of 129 breast tumors had the loss of PTEN expression. The loss of PTEN expression was correlated with lymph node metastasis and stage, and there was a near-significant correlation with the tumor size. PTEN promoter hypermethylation was found in five (18%) out of 28 patients. Conclusion : These results suggest that the loss of PTEN expression might play a role in the progression of the breast cancer and that the aberrant promoter methylation is one of the silencing mechanisms of PTEN.

Questionable Role of Human Herpesvirus-8 in the Pathogenesis of Multiple Myeloma.: Min Sun Cho, Shi Nae Lee; Korean J Pathol. 2005;39(3):164-167.

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Abstract PDF: BACKGROUND
Human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) has been strongly implicated in the etiopathogenesis of multiple myeloma. Cytokines, especially interleukin-6, that are produced by HHV-8 infected bone marrow stromal cells may play a role in the proliferation of neoplastic plasma cells. Viral DNA sequences have been detected in the bone marrow and peripheral blood cells of myeloma patients. Yet some investigators have not found the same results.
METHODS
We exmined the presence of HHV-8 DNA in the paraffin-embedded cell block specimens of bone marrow aspirations from 26 patients with multiple myeloma by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with KS330(233) primers. Thirteen cases of bone marrow aspirations from patients with other diseases were used as a negative control. The DNA extracted from the BC-1 cell line was used as a positive control. Immunohistochemistry using commercially available HHV-8 antibody was done in the cases that were proven HHV-8 DNA-positive by PCR.
RESULTS
One case (3.9%) among the 26 patients with myleoma was positive for HHV-8 DNA by PCR, but no positive cells were detected in this case by immunohistochemistry.
CONCLUSIONS
We could not find a clear relation between myeloma and HHV-8 in Korean patients examined in the present study.

RUNX3 Methylation Status in Colonic Carcinoma and Adenoma.: Shi Nae Lee, Min Sun Cho, Woon Sup Han; Korean J Pathol. 2004;38(1):42-45.

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Abstract PDF: BACKGROUND
RUNX3 is expressed throughout the luminal gastrointestinal tract. RUNX3 is on chromosome 1p36, a location considered to carry an important tumor suppressor for many types of cancers. Epigenetic silencing of RUNX3 is causally related to human gastric cancer.
METHODS
Colorectal cancers, adenoma, and the corresponding normal mucosa were obtained from 26 individual patients. To identify methylation of RUNX3 in colonic carcinogenesis, methylation-specific PCR was performed.
RESULTS
RUNX3 methylation was found in one case of colonic carcinoma. The normal mucosa and tubular adenoma of this case had no methylation. No other cases were found to have methylations.
CONCLUSIONS
These results are very different from the findings of gastric carcinomas, where frequent DNA methylation in the vicinity of the RUNX3 promoter is found. Although, the possibility of a role of RUNX3 methylation in the colon can not be completely ruled out, these results suggest that methylation of the RUNX3 promoter region might not contribute to the adenoma-carcinoma sequence of the colon.

Comparison of Ziehl-Neelsen Stain and TB-PCR on Detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosisin Formalin-fixed, Paraffin-embedded Tissues of Chronic Granulomatous Inflammation.: Min Sun Cho, Shi Nae Lee, Sun Hee Sung, Woon Sup Han; Korean J Pathol. 2003;37(6):379-383.

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Abstract PDF: BACKGROUND
TB-PCR is a faster and more sensitive method to detect mycobacterium than acid-fast bacilli (AFB) stain, which is laborious and time consuming. We compared the sensitivity and specificity of AFB stain and TB-PCR and examined the possibility of TB-PCR as a confirmative test without AFB stain in the diagnosis of tuberculosis.
METHODS
We performed Ziehl-Neelsen stain and nested PCR using a commercially available TB-PCR kit amplifying IS6110 sequence in 81 cases of paraffin-embedded tissues diagnosed as chronic granulomatous inflammation. In addition, we evaluated the morphology of granuloma and the presence of caseation necrosis.
RESULTS
Of the 81 cases studied, 22 (27.2%) and 40 (49.4%) were positive for AFB stain and TB-PCR, respectively. Of 49 cases accompanying caseation necrosis, 19 (38.8%) were AFB stain positive and 37 (75.5%) were TB-PCR positive; a result that is comparable with that of other reports. Of the 22 AFB-positive cases, 2 were TB-PCR negative.
CONCLUSION
TB-PCR is very helpful for the diagnosis of tuberculosis in routinely processed, formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue samples. Nevertheless, AFB stain should continue to be performed at the same time.

KAI-1 Protein Expression in Breast Cancer: Correlation with Axillary Lymph Node Metastasis and other Prognostic Factors.: Shi Nae Lee, Min Sun Cho, Sun Hee Sung, Hea soo Koo, Ok Kyung Kim, Woon Sup Han; Korean J Pathol. 2003;37(4):239-245.

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Abstract PDF: BACKGROUND
KAI-1 is a metastasis suppressor gene. We have evaluated the correlationbetween KAI-1 protein expression in ductal carcinomas of the breast and axillary lymph nodemetastasis.
METHODS
The expression of KAI-1 protein was confirmed by immunohistochemistryto examine breast tissues of ductal carcinomas from 50 patients with nodal metastasisand from 53 patients without metastasis. Western blot analysis was performed on fresh frozenbreast tissues from 17 cases with nodal metastasis and from 19 cases without metastasis.
RESULTS
Immunohistochemical KAI-1 protein expression was decreased or negative in 39out of 50 cases with metastasis (78%), compared with 8 out of 53 cases with no metastasis(15.1%). The difference was statistically significant (p<0.05). Immunohistochemical KAI-1protein expression was significantly decreased in cases with higher modified Black's nucleargrade (p=0.027) and larger tumor size (p=0.039). Western blot analysis showed positivebands at 29.5 kDa in 8 out of 19 cases without metastasis (42.1%), and none of the 17 caseswith metastasis showed positive bands (p=0.0024).
CONCLUSION
These results suggest thepossibility that KAl-1 might play a major role of a metastasis suppressor gene in addition tothe part it plays in the growth and progression of human breast ductal carcinoma. In addition, the decreased expression of KAI-1 protein in breast ductal carcinomas could be used as afactor suggesting poor prognosis.

Expression of Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen (PCNA) of Major Intrahepatic Bile Duct Epithelium in Resected Liver Tissue with Hepatolithiasis and Hepatolithiasis Associated with Cholangiocarcinoma.: Shi Nae Lee, Sun Hee Sung, Woon Sup Han; Korean J Pathol. 2002;36(4):232-237.

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Abstract PDF: BACKGROUND
Histologic progressive changes of bile duct epithelium with hyperplasia, dysplasia and cholangiocarcinoma could be caused by hepatolithiasis. To be clarified as a neoplastic process, this histologic process should be evaluated with various aspects of cell biology.
METHODS
Immunohistochemical study of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) was performed on 45 cases (10; normal, 15; hyperplasia, 14; low-grade dysplasia:LGD, 6; high-grade dysplasia: HGD) of hepatolithiasis and 10 cases (all HGD) of hepatolithiasis with cholangiocarcinoma.
RESULTS
In the hepatolithiasis, mean PCNA labelling indices (LI) of normal, hyperplasia, LGD and HGD of major intrahepatic bile duct epithelium were 24.5+/-4.3, 51.5+/-0.1, 62.0+/-.4 and 84.7+/-.3, respectively and gradually increased. Mean LI of PCNA in HGD of major intrahepatic bile duct epithelium of hepatolithiasis with cholangiocarcinoma was 68.7+/-.7, which was similar to that of LGD in hepatolithiasis without cholangiocarcinoma.
CONCLUSIONS
Histologic transformation through hyperplasia, dysplasia and carcinoma in major intrahepatic bile duct epithelium of hepatolithiasis may be a neoplastic process if these histologic changes are evaluated in the cellular proliferation aspect.

Differential Diagnosis of Ovarian Mucinous, Serous, and Endometrioid Adenocarcinoma in Peritoneal Washing Cytology .: Shi Nae Lee, In Ae Park; Korean J Cytopathol. 2000;11(2):83-88.

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Abstract PDF: This study presents the cytologic features of peritoneal washings, with particular emphasis on the cytologic discrimination among serous, mucinous, and endometrioid adenocarcinoma of the ovary. We selected histologically confirmed 27 cases of peritoneal washing : 8 cases of serous cystadenocarcinomas, 5 cases of mucinous cystadenocarcinomas, and 14 cases of endometrioid adenocarcinomas. The most frequent cytologic pattern of three tumors was clusters. Ball pattern was found in serous cystadenocarcinoma(36%) and acinar pattern in endometrioid adenocarcinoma (36%). Mucinous adenocarcinoma showed mucoid background(100%) and endometrioid adenocarcinoma revealed inflammatory background(43%). The cytoplasmic vacuoles were noted in 80%, 13%, and 43% of mucinous, serous, and endometrioid adenocarcinoma, respectively. The endometrioid adenocarcinoma showed prominent nucleoli(64%). In conclusion, the cytologic findings of mucinous cystadenocarcinoma were different from that of serous and endometrioid carcinomas, such as mucoid background, abundant cytoplasm with vacuolated cytoplasm, and peripherally located cytoplasm. Although endometrioid carcinoma showed acinar pattern and prominent nucleoli, the differential diagnosis between serous cystadenocarcinoma and endometrioid adenocarcinoma in peritoneal washing cytology was not always possible.

nm23 Protein Immunohistochemical Expression in Colorectal Carcinoma and its Relationship with Other Prognostic Factors.: Shi Nae Lee, Heasoo Koo, Woon Sup Han; Korean J Pathol. 1998;32(6):413-419.

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Abstract: The purpose of this study was to determine the immunohistochemical expression of nm23-H1, a putative metastatic suppressor gene, and to correlate its expression with clinicopathologic variables in 75 cases of surgically resected colorectal carcinomas. There appeared to be a trend between increasing relative nm23 protein expression and Dukes' stage, vessel invasion, and metastasis of lymph nodes. nm23 was expressed in 67 cases (89.3%) and increased in cases with lower Dukes' stage (P<0.05) and in cases without vessel invasion (P<0.01) or lymph node metastasis (P<0.01). No significant relationship was observed between the nm23 protein expression and other parameters, such as tumor size, location and differentiation of the tumor. The results suggest that the nm23 protein expression plays a role in the suppression of nodal metastasis and vessel invasion in colorectal carcinomas.

Taxol-induced Pathological Findings in Rat Small Intestine.: Sun Hee Chang, Shi Nae Lee, Hee Soo Yoon, Min Sun Cho, Hea Soo Koo, Woon Sup Han; Korean J Pathol. 1997;31(12):1291-1296.

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Abstract PDF: Taxol is an active chemotherapeutic agent against a variety of solid tumors and a potentially useful drug for augmenting the cytotoxic action of radiotherapy against certain cancers. Taxol blocks cells in the mitotic phase of cell cycle. The aim of this study was to define the in vivo response of rapidly dividing cells of the small intestinal mucosa to taxol. We studied the numbers of apoptotic and mitotic cells and the expression of bcl-2 and p53 in rat jejunal crypt cells at 1, 2, 4, 8, 12, 16, and 24 hours and 3 and 5 days after intraperitoneal injection of taxol. Mitosis peaked at 2 and 4 hours and 12 and 16 hours. Apoptosis peaked at 16 hours and returned to normal after five days. The glands in crypts showed marked distortion with atypical lining cells after three days, which returned to normal at 5 days. bcl-2 expression was markedly decreased at 8 to 24 hours and subnormally recovered after three to five days. p53 showed no significant changes throughout. The histopathological changes in small intestine due to taxol were transient with complete recovery. bcl-2 expression was inversely corresponded to numbers of apoptosis. The changes were p53 independent. Further studies to understand the conditions that maximize the cell-cycle modulating effects of taxol cl-may greatly enhance its anti-tumor effectiveness.

Crohn's Disease Involving Small Intestine and Colon: 2 cases report.: Shi Nae Lee, Sun Hee Chang, Hee Soo Yoon, Hea Soo Koo, Ok Kyung Kim, Ryung Ah Lee, Eung Beum Park; Korean J Pathol. 1997;31(4):379-382.

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Abstract PDF: Crohn's disease was originally described as a small bowel disorder and has been known to involve the large bowel in approximately 40% of all cases with or without concomitant ileal component. We describe two cases of Crohn's diseas of small intestine and colon with a summary of differential diagnosis with ulcerative colitis. Both cases were originally diagnosed and treated as ileal tuberculosis. Grossly, there were skip lesions in both cases with prominent pseudopolyps and ulcerations in colon. Also noted were typical serpentine lesions in ileum as well as in colon. Microscopically, transmural inflammation was confirmed and one case showed scattered noncaseating granulomas in the wall. Submucosal edema and fibrosis with thickening of the wall was not prominent in colon. Polymerase chain reaction performed on paraffin block for the demonstration of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in one case showed negative reaction.

Familial Juvenile Polyposis.: Sun Hee Chang, Shi Nae Lee, Hea Soo Koo, Ok Kyung Kim, Sun Sub Jung, Eung Bum Park; Korean J Pathol. 1997;31(2):185-188.

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Abstract PDF: Familial juvenile polyposis is a rare intestinal polyposis characterized by the occurrence of multiple juvenile polyps in the gastrointestinal tract. We report a case of familial juvenile polyposis in a 17-year-old man with a review of the literature. This patient underwent total colectomy due to a 6 years history of rectal bleeding. Grossly, the colon showed 36 variable sized pedunculated polyps, measuring 2.5cm x 2cm from the largest size and 0.2cm x 0.2cm to the smallest size. Histologically, the polyps consisted of cystically dilated glands, lined by normal colonic epithelial cells, scattered in loose, edematous stroma containing inflammatory cell infiltration. There were no areas of tubular adenoma or malignancy in any of the polyp.

Tailgut Cyst with Glomus Coccygeum: Report of a case.: Mi Jung Kim, Shi Nae Lee, Sung Sook Kim, Hea Soo Koo, Ok Kyung Kim; Korean J Pathol. 1996;30(7):643-645.

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Abstract PDF: Tailgut cyst of retrorectal space is uncommon and its classification and prognosis are unclear. The lesion usually consists of a multiloculated cyst lined by squamous, transitional, and glandular epithelium. Disorganized fascicles of smooth muscle may be seen in the wall. Glomus coccygeum, normally located at the tip of coccyx, is incidentally discovered in the presacral mass including tailgut cyst. We report a case of tailgut cyst in a 35 year old female who had internal hemorrhoid and intermittent anal pain for 3 years. Pelvic computerized tomography revealed a 3x2 cm sized mass in the presacral area. The mass was multicystic and lined by squamous, transitional, and peudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium with inflammatory cells and scattered smooth muscle in the wall. Dermal adnexal structures were not present, which excluded dermoid cyst. A glomus body was identified in the surrounding soft tissue.

Two Cases of Metastatic Leiomyosarcoma Diagnosed by Fine Needle Aspiration.: Shi Nae Lee, Hee Soo Yoon, Sung Sook Kim, Hae Soo Koo, Jung Su Seo; Korean J Cytopathol. 1996;7(1):107-110.

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Abstract PDF: Cytologic finding of 2 cases of metastatic leiomyosarcoma diagnosed by fine needle aspirtion cytology are reported.
Case
1 is pleomorphic leiomyosarcoma which had metastsized to the liver from the stomach of a 54-year-old male patient. The cytologic features showed highly cellular aspirates with nuclear pleomorphism and interlacing patern. Case 2 is low grade leiomyowsarcoma that occurred in the uterus of a 43-year female patient and metastsized to both lungs. The aspirates were less cellular than that of case 1, and showed spindle cells with minimal pleomorphism, but cell block revealed interlacing patterns of smooth muscle cells with occasional mitosis.

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