Journal of Pathology and Translational Medicine

Volume 13(1); March 1979

Etcs

Malignant Tumors Among Koreans -Relative Frequency Study on 7,363 Cancers during 1968 to 1977-: Sang Kook Lee, Je G Chi. Sang In Kim, Eui Keun Ham, Yong Il Kim, Han Ik Cho, Geung Hwan Ahn; J Pathol Transl Med. 1979;13(1):3-19.

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Abstract: In 1968 The Korean Society of Pathology (authored by Chae Koo Lee, Sang Kook Lee. Sang In Kim and Je G. Chi et al) presented the first nationwide data on cancer prevalence among Koreans, based on 22,208 biopsy and autospy cases during a 10 year period of 1958 to 1967. Since that time there has been a multitude of factors that might have influenced on the cancer prevalence among Koreans. In this study, an analysis was made on 7,363 consecutive cases of primary malignant tumors, all diagnosed microscopically at the Department of Pathology, College of Medicine. Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea, during a 10 year period from January 1968 to December 1977. The great majority of the cases of this study were specimens from in-patients and out-patients of Seoul National University Hospital, and some were from outside hospitals sent for the confirmative diagnosis. Hematological diagnoses were made by staffs of Department of Clinical Pathology Seoul National University Hospital. Metastatic tumors were excluded from the statistics. The description of tumor of each case was made in a punch card. These cards were classified according to the World Health Organization code numbers of diseases and other items including those of each calender year, sex and the age distributions. And the results were tabulated. The following analyses were male. 1. The total number of malignant tumors included in this study was 7,363. There were 3,662 cases of male (49.7%) and 3,663 cases of female (49.7％). 2. The mean age of the patients with cancer was 46.6 years; 47.1 years in male and 45.6 years in female. 3. The frequency ranks of malignant tumors in male, female and both sexes are listed in Table 1. Among all malignant tumors in both sexes together, the relative frequency in percentage is cancer of the stomach (16.65％), uterine cervix cancer (15.08％), leukemia (6.51％), liver cancer (5.62％), breast cancer (5.53％), skin cancer (4.29％), thyroid cancer (4.13％), malignant lymphoma (4.03％), rectal cancer (3.92%) and larynx cancer (3.72%) in decreasing order of frequency. 4. Among all malignant tumors in male the relative frequency in percentage is stomach cancer (22.23%), liver cancer (8.98％), leukemia (8.36%), laryngeal cancer (6.19%), skin cancer (5.65%), malignant lymphoma (5.19%), lung cancer (4.4％), urinary bladder cancer (4.23%) and bone cancer (3.25%) in decrasing order of frequency. 5. Among all malignant tumors in female the relative frequency in percentage is uterine cervix cancer (39.3%), stomach cancer (11.0%), breast cancer (10.89%), thyroid cancer (6. 67％), leukemia (4.72%), rectal cancer (3.41%), malignant lymphoma (2.89%), skin cancer (2.87%), ovary cancer (2.6%) and uterine body cancer (2.46%) in decreasing order of frequency. 6. The age distribution of the malignant tumors shows the highest frequency in the sixth decade in male and the fifth decade in female. 7. Generally, the annual identification of total malignant tumors shows a tendency of gradual increase since the first year of the study. An increasing trend appears definite in breast cancer, thyriod cancer, liver cancer particularly in female, and a decreasing trend is suggestive in cancer of uterine cervix and malignant lymphoma.

Studies on Peripheral Blood Eosinophilia and Liver Function Test in Clonorchiasis: Eun Suk Kim, Sang In Kim; J Pathol Transl Med. 1979;13(1):21-27.

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Abstract: A field study to investigate the correlation between the Clonorchis sinensis infestation and the peripheral blood eosinophilia and liver functioning was performed examining the presenece of parasite eggs in stool, EPG for Clonorchis sinensis, total WBC count and eosinophils in peripheral blood, serum alkaline phosphatase and SGOT with the subjects of 607 women in Kim Hae, the endemic area of C.S. infestation, and 74 women in Choon Sung as a control group. The results were as follows; 1. The infestation rate of Clonorchis sinensis in Kim Hae area was 52% (316/607 cases). 2. In the clonorchiasis group, the mean values ±2 S.D. were, WBC total count 5527± 2069/mm3 eosinophil percentage 13.64±12.52%, SGOT 27.82±11.07 unit, and serum alkaline phosphatase 58.42±33.43mIU/m1 respectively. These results were significantly high comparing with the results of the group without any parasitic infestation in Kim Hae area except serum alkaline phosphatase value. 3. In the control group without clonorchiasis in Choon Sung area, the mean values ±2 S.D. were, WBC total count 4633±1280/mm3, eosinophil percentage 4.77± 4.14%, SGOT 25.77±11.08 unit, and serum alkaline phosphatase 51.47±13.72mIU/m1 respectively, These results were significantly low comparing with the clonochiasis group in Kim Hae area except SGOT value. 4. In the clonorchiasis group in Kim Hae area, the mean values of WBC total count and eosinophil percentage were significantly high comparing with the group of other parasitic infestation in Kim Hae area and the control group in Choon Sung area. The serum alkaline phosphatase was significantly high in the clonorchiasis group in Kim Hae area comparing with the control group in Choon Sung area, however no significant difference was observed between the former and the group of other parasitic infestation in Kim Hae area. 5. There was no correlation between eosinophil percentage of peripheral blood and EPG of C1onorchis sinensis. Summerizing the overall results, in clonochiasis, we observed significantly increased peripheral blood eosinoptil, WBC total count and serum alkaline phosphatase except SGOT.

Detection of Serum HBsAg by Reserved Passive Hemoagglutination and Serum Anti-HBsAg by Passive Hemoagglutination: Eun Yup Lee, Bock Hee Park, Soon Ho Kim; J Pathol Transl Med. 1979;13(1):29-37.

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Abstract: The authors investigated serum HBsAg and anti-HBsAg by methods of counterimmunoelectrophoresis(CIEP) and reverses passive hemagglutination(r-PHA) and passive hemagglutination(PHA) The sera were obtained from 1502 cases of healthy control, 530 cases of acute liver damage and 480 cases of chronic liver damage in Busan National University Hospital during the year of 1977. We compared serum HBsAg and anti-HBsAg positive rates between two methods and the following results were obtained. 1. In the healthy control, acute and chronic liver damage, serum HBsAg positive rates 4.5, 17.1 and 22.9% by R-PHA were significantly higher than those 2.3, 5.3 and 9.2% by CIEP, respectively. 2. In the healthy control, acute and chronic liver damage, serum anti-HBsAg positive rates 13.8, 14.9 and 17.5% by PHA were significantly higher than those 0.3, 0.4 and 1.5% by CIEP, respectively. On the basis of above mentioned results, R-PHA and PHA tests proved to be more sensitive than CIEP in detection of serum HBsAg and anti-HBsAg.

A Collective Survey on Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura in Korea: Mi Kyung Hu, Chin Hee Cho, Chong Moo Lee; J Pathol Transl Med. 1979;13(1):39-44.

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Abstract: Clinical analysis of 42 cases with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, diagnoses by bone marrow examination in department of clinical pathology of the Catholic Medical Center for 10 years, was made and following results were obtained. 1. The sex and age distribution were summarized in Table 12. Of the total 42 cases, the 0-9 years occupied 63.6% in acute form and 10 years or over 67.7% in chronic form. Male to female ratio was 1.8 : 1 in acute form and 1 : 2.1 in chronic form. 2. Clinical manifestations at first examination revealed bleeding tendencies in all crises, in which being petechiae and ecchymosis, nasal bleeding, gum bleeding, vaginal bleeding etc. 3. Among the laboratory findings, the platelets counts revealed below 50,000/mm3 for 77% of cases recorded (Table 4). The bleeding time was prolonged in 61.5% of the cases recorded (Table 8). 4. The analysis of bone marrow findings revealed hypocellularity in 7%, Normocellularity in 71%, and hypercellularity in 22% of the 41 cases recorded (Table 9). The myeloid-erythroid ratio was decreased in 40% because of bleeding tendencies. Megakaryocytes revealed normal or increase in relative number in 95%, and relative increase of immature forms, poor granularity of the cytoplasm and decrease of platelet production in almost all cases.

A Histopathological Study of 24 Retinoblastomas in Korea: An-Hi Lee, Sun Moo Kim, Chong Moo Lee; J Pathol Transl Med. 1979;13(1):45-50.

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Abstract: The authors made a collective study of 24 cases of retinoblastoma which were diagnosed by the histopathological examination, in the 16 years period between February, 1963 and January 1979. The sex ratio was 1:1, being 12 cases for both male and female. The sex and age incidences were summarized in Table 2. The youngest cases in this series was 9 month old male, and the oldest was 5 years old male. 8 cases involved the left eyes, and 16 cases involved the right eyes. No record of involvement of both eyes was found in this series. The main presenting clinical findings were cat's eye appearance, exophthalmos, intraocular mass, eye pain and visual disturbance and lacrimation (Table 3). Of the 20 cases in which microscopic slides were available for reexamination, 15 cases showed mainly the endoptytic growth and 5 cases showed exophytic growth. 5 cases exhibited a pronounced rosette formation, 5 cases showed a moderate degree of rosette formation and the remaining 10 cases showed either spare or little tendency for rosette formation. Of the 18 cases, in which histopathological examination of optic nerve was possible, 11 cases showed optic nerve invasions.

A Histopathological Study of Intracardiac Myxoma -A report of 2 cases-: An-Hi Lee, Sung Sim Kim, Chong Moo Lee; J Pathol Transl Med. 1979;13(1):51-56.

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Abstract: Myxoma of the heart is a relatively rare benign growth usually involving the left atrium, but less often involving other chambers of the heart. Though several case reports on this entity have been published in Korea, as far as our knowledge is concerned. virtually all of them were myxoma of the left atrium and no report on the tumor of the right atrium can be found. In July. 1977, we experienced a case of myxoma of the left atrium, in a 23 years old female, and in October of the same year, we experienced a case of right atrial myxoma in a 42 years old male. Clinical data and histopathological findings of each case were discussed and a brief review of the literature on this entity was made.

Endometriotic Polyp of Rectum -A Case Report-: Je G. Chi, Jung Ran Kim, Shin Kwang Kang, Eui Keun Ham; J Pathol Transl Med. 1979;13(1):59-62.

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Abstract: Bowel involvement of endometriosis often presents as partial obstruction in mensturally active women. However, mucosal involvement of endometriosis in the form of typical adenomatous polyp with stalk is extremely rare. This lesion as we called "endometriotic polyp", should be included in the differential diagnosis of colonic polyps. This case ie a 44 years old woman who has had a three years history of "hemorrhoid". She presented obstruction symptoms and signs with palpable polypoid masses in the rectum. The operation revealed massive adhesion and endometriomas in pelvic cavity and sigmoidrectum with scattered endometriotic nodules on the serosa. Radical resection of sigmoid and rectum together with hysterectomy under an impression of rectal cancer was performed. Pathologically, rectum was stenosed, and the mucosal surface showed multiple polyps with definite stalks, ranging in size from 0.8cm. to 2.0cm. in diameter as shown in Fig. 1. The wall of the involved rectum was thickened diffusely to measure up to 2cm. No ulceration or hemorrhage was present. Microscopically, sections from various parts of the rectum showed small and large foci of endometriosis. The endometriotic tissue consisted of microcystic glands and abundant dense stroma, and is well defined from surrounding intestinal structure. The endemetrial tissue was stained blue with Masson's trichrome and was in strong contrast with smooth muscle. Endometriotic foci was seen transmurally including submucosa and muscularia externa. Sections from mucosal polyps showed intact colonic epithelial covering and underlying endometrial manses comprising the most portion of core of the polyps.(Fig.2-4) The endometrial glands in polyps showed focal cystic dilatation. No ulceration of the covering epithelium was seen.

A Case of Multiple Pilomatrixoma: K. H. Yoon, D. W. Ryang, J. Y. Yoo; J Pathol Transl Med. 1979;13(1):65-69.

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Abstract: Pilomatrixoma is a rare benign skin tumor which was initially described by Malherbe and Chenantais in 1880. It occurs at any age, but predominantly around 10 years old and are usually asymptomatic except palpable mass, Multiple pilomatrixomas are rare, as in 3.5% of reported cases of pilomatrixomas. In Korea, a few reports of pilomatrixomas were made, but those of multiple pilomatrixomas associated were very rare. One case of multiple pilomatrixomas associated with pain and tenderness in 12-year-old male is presented with review of relevant literatures.

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