Journal of Pathology and Translational Medicine

Review

Dysembryoplastic Neuroepithelial Tumors: Yeon-Lim Suh; J Pathol Transl Med. 2015;49(6):438-449. Published online October 23, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4132/jptm.2015.10.05

13,221 View
276 Download
25 Web of Science
29 Crossref

Dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumor (DNT) is a benign glioneuronal neoplasm that most commonly occurs in children and young adults and may present with medically intractable, chronic seizures. Radiologically, this tumor is characterized by a cortical topography and lack of mass effect or perilesional edema. Partial complex seizures are the most common presentation. Three histologic subtypes of DNTs have been described. Histologically, the recognition of a unique, specific glioneuronal element in brain tumor samples from patients with medically intractable, chronic epilepsy serves as a diagnostic feature for complex or simple DNT types. However, nonspecific DNT has diagnostic difficulty because its histology is indistinguishable from conventional gliomas and because a specific glioneuronal element and/or multinodularity are absent. This review will focus on the clinical, radiographic, histopathological, and immunohistochemical features as well as the molecular genetics of all three variants of DNTs. The histological and cytological differential diagnoses for this lesion, especially the nonspecific variant, will be discussed.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Pediatric Neuroglial Tumors: A Review of Ependymoma and Dysembryoplastic Neuroepithelial Tumor
Melissa Arfuso, Sandeepkumar Kuril, Harshal Shah, Derek Hanson
Pediatric Neurology.2024; 156: 139. CrossRef
From bedside to bench: New insights in epilepsy‐associated tumors based on recent classification updates and animal models on brain tumor networks
Silvia Cases‐Cunillera, Lea L. Friker, Philipp Müller, Albert J. Becker, Gerrit H. Gielen
Molecular Oncology.2024; 18(12): 2951. CrossRef
Imaging of pediatric glioneuronal and neuronal tumors
Vivek Pai, Suzanne Laughlin, Birgit Ertl-Wagner
Child's Nervous System.2024; 40(10): 3007. CrossRef
Dysembryoplastic Neuroepithelial Tumor: A Case Report of A Benign Intracranial Lesion Masquerading as Seizure Disorder
Garima S Agarwal, Anil K Agrawal, Daksh Singhal, Jayashree Bhawani
Cureus.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Super T2-FLAIR mismatch sign: a prognostic imaging biomarker for non-enhancing astrocytoma, IDH-mutant
Iori Ozono, Shumpei Onishi, Ushio Yonezawa, Akira Taguchi, Novita Ikbar Khairunnisa, Vishwa Jeet Amatya, Fumiyuki Yamasaki, Yukio Takeshima, Nobutaka Horie
Journal of Neuro-Oncology.2024; 169(3): 571. CrossRef
Genotype-relevant neuroimaging features in low-grade epilepsy-associated tumors
Keiya Iijima, Hiroyuki Fujii, Fumio Suzuki, Kumiko Murayama, Yu-ichi Goto, Yuko Saito, Terunori Sano, Hiroyoshi Suzuki, Hajime Miyata, Yukio Kimura, Takuma Nakashima, Hiromichi Suzuki, Masaki Iwasaki, Noriko Sato
Frontiers in Neurology.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Extra-temporal pediatric low-grade gliomas and epilepsy
José Hinojosa, Victoria Becerra, Santiago Candela-Cantó, Mariana Alamar, Diego Culebras, Carlos Valencia, Carlos Valera, Jordi Rumiá, Jordi Muchart, Javier Aparicio
Child's Nervous System.2024; 40(10): 3309. CrossRef
Atypical Presentation of Dysembryoplastic Neuroepithelial Tumor
Varis S. Khalilov, Aleksey N. Kislyakov, Natalia A. Medvedeva, Natalia S. Serova
Annals of Clinical and Experimental Neurology.2024; 18(3): 109. CrossRef
Unusual low-grade neuroepithelial tumour in a child
Leia Salongo, Ali Nael, Pournima Navalkele, John Ross Crawford
BMJ Case Reports.2024; 17(10): e262692. CrossRef
Glioneuronal and Neuronal Tumors: Who? When? Where? An Update Based on the 2021 World Health Organization Classification
A.S. Ayres, G.A. Bandeira, S.F. Ferraciolli, J.T. Takahashi, R.A. Moreno, L.F. de Souza Godoy, Y.R. Casal, L.G.C.A. de Lima, F.P. Frasseto, L.T. Lucato
Neurographics.2023; 13(1): 1. CrossRef
Biological functions of the Olig gene family in brain cancer and therapeutic targeting
Jenny I. Szu, Igor F. Tsigelny, Alexander Wojcinski, Santosh Kesari
Frontiers in Neuroscience.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Aspekte der Bildgebung des Hippokampus
Isabela S. Alves, Artur M. N. Coutinho, Ana Vieira, Bruno P. Rocha, Ula L. Passos, Vinicius T. Gonçalves, Paulo D. S. Silva, Malia X. Zhan, Paula C. Pinho, Daniel S. Delgado, Marcos F. L. Docema, Hae W. Lee, Bruno A. Policeni, Claudia C. Leite, Maria G. M
Neuroradiologie Scan.2023; 13(03): 197. CrossRef
T2-FLAIR Mismatch Sign in Pediatric Low-Grade Glioma
M.W. Wagner, L. Nobre, K. Namdar, F. Khalvati, U. Tabori, C. Hawkins, B.B. Ertl-Wagner
American Journal of Neuroradiology.2023; 44(7): 841. CrossRef
Clinicopathological features of dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumor: a case series
Shabina Rahim, Nasir Ud Din, Jamshid Abdul-Ghafar, Qurratulain Chundriger, Poonum Khan, Zubair Ahmad
Journal of Medical Case Reports.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Imaging Aspects of the Hippocampus
Isabela S. Alves, Artur M. N. Coutinho, Ana P. F. Vieira, Bruno P. Rocha, Ula L. Passos, Vinicius T. Gonçalves, Paulo D. S. Silva, Malia X. Zhan, Paula C. Pinho, Daniel S. Delgado, Marcos F. L. Docema, Hae W. Lee, Bruno A. Policeni, Claudia C. Leite, Mari
RadioGraphics.2022; 42(3): 822. CrossRef
Dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumors: A single-institutional series with special reference to glutamine synthetase expression
Chiara Caporalini, Mirko Scagnet, Selene Moscardi, Gioia Di Stefano, Gianna Baroni, Flavio Giordano, Federico Mussa, Carmen Barba, Iacopo Sardi, Lorenzo Genitori, Anna Maria Buccoliero
Annals of Diagnostic Pathology.2021; 54: 151774. CrossRef
Unusual case of occipital lobe dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumour withGNAi1-BRAFfusion
Jennifer H Yang, Denise M Malicki, Michael L Levy, John Ross Crawford
BMJ Case Reports.2021; 14(1): e241440. CrossRef
Malformations of Cortical Development, Cognitive Involvementand Epilepsy: A Single Institution Experience in 19 Young Patients
Valeria Venti, Maria Chiara Consentino, Pierluigi Smilari, Filippo Greco, Claudia Francesca Oliva, Agata Fiumara, Raffaele Falsaperla, Martino Ruggieri, Piero Pavone
Children.2021; 8(8): 637. CrossRef
A Case of Dysembryoplastic Neuroepithelial Tumor in an Adolescent Male
Marcel Yibirin, Diana De Oliveira, Isabella Suarez, Gabriela Lombardo, Carlos Perez
Cureus.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
Clinical and histopathological profile of dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumor
Pooja Gupta, Fouzia Siraj, Akanksha Malik, K. B. Shankar
Journal of Cancer Research and Therapeutics.2021; 17(4): 912. CrossRef
Neuroradiological and pathomorphological features of epilepsy associated brain tumors
V. S. Khalilov, A. A. Kholin, A. N. Kisyakov, N. A. Medvedeva, B. R. Bakaeva
Diagnostic radiology and radiotherapy.2021; 12(2): 7. CrossRef
Evaluación prequirúrgica mediante resonancia magnética funcional en pacientes con tumores neuroepiteliales disembrioplásicos: una serie de casos
Natalia García-Casares, Francisco Alfaro-Rubio, José Ramón Ramos-Rodríguez, Álvaro Ocaña-Ledesma, Bernarda Márquez-Márquez, Victoria E. Fernández-Sánchez, Guillermo Ibáñez-Botella, Miguel Ángel Arráez-Sánchez, Pedro J. Serrano-Castro
Neurocirugía.2020; 31(4): 158. CrossRef
Features of the neuroradiological picture of ganglioglioma on the example of 20 clinical cases
V.S. Khalilov, A.A. Kholin, Kh.Sh. Gazdieva, A.N. Kislyakov, N.N. Zavadenko
Zhurnal nevrologii i psikhiatrii im. S.S. Korsakova.2020; 120(11): 90. CrossRef
Malignant Glial Neuronal Tumors After West Nile Virus Neuroinvasive Disease: A Coincidence or a Clue?
Akanksha Sharma, Marie F. Grill, Scott Spritzer, A. Arturo Leis, Mark Anderson, Parminder Vig, Alyx B. Porter
The Neurohospitalist.2019; 9(3): 160. CrossRef
Particularities in differential diagnostics of epileptogenic brain malformations on the low-field MRI-device
V. S. Khalilov, A. A. Kholin, B. R. Bakaeva, M. Yu. Bobylova, Kh. Sh. Gazdieva
Russian Journal of Child Neurology.2019; 13(4): 23. CrossRef
Dysembryoplastic Neuroepithelial Tumors: What You Need to Know
Sabino Luzzi, Angela Elia, Mattia Del Maestro, Samer K. Elbabaa, Sergio Carnevale, Francesco Guerrini, Massimo Caulo, Patrizia Morbini, Renato Galzio
World Neurosurgery.2019; 127: 255. CrossRef
The miR‐139‐5p regulates proliferation of supratentorial paediatric low‐grade gliomas by targeting the PI3K/AKT/mTORC1 signalling
G. Catanzaro, Z. M. Besharat, E. Miele, M. Chiacchiarini, A. Po, A. Carai, C. E. Marras, M. Antonelli, M. Badiali, A. Raso, S. Mascelli, D. Schrimpf, D. Stichel, M. Tartaglia, D. Capper, A. von Deimling, F. Giangaspero, A. Mastronuzzi, F. Locatelli, E. Fe
Neuropathology and Applied Neurobiology.2018; 44(7): 687. CrossRef
Dysembryoplastic Neuroectodermal Tumor: An Analysis from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program, 2004–2013
Ha Son Nguyen, Ninh Doan, Michael Gelsomino, Saman Shabani
World Neurosurgery.2017; 103: 380. CrossRef
Common Histologically Benign Tumors of the Brain
Roy E. Strowd, Jaishri O. Blakeley
CONTINUUM: Lifelong Learning in Neurology.2017; 23(6): 1680. CrossRef

Original Articles

Tongue Growth during Prenatal Development in Korean Fetuses and Embryos: Soo Jeong Hong, Bong Geun Cha, Yeon Sook Kim, Suk Keun Lee, Je Geun Chi; J Pathol Transl Med. 2015;49(6):497-510. Published online October 16, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4132/jptm.2015.09.17

12,522 View
133 Download
7 Web of Science
11 Crossref

Abstract PDF

Background
Prenatal tongue development may affect oral-craniofacial structures, but this muscular organ has rarely been investigated. Methods: In order to document the physiology of prenatal tongue growth, we histologically examined the facial and cranial base structures of 56 embryos and 106 fetuses. Results: In Streeter’s stages 13–14 (fertilization age [FA], 28 to 32 days), the tongue protruded into the stomodeal cavity from the retrohyoid space to the cartilaginous mesenchyme of the primitive cranial base, and in Streeter’s stage 15 (FA, 33 to 36 days), the tongue rapidly swelled and compressed the cranial base to initiate spheno-occipital synchondrosis and continued to swell laterally to occupy most of the stomodeal cavity in Streeter’s stage 16–17 (FA, 37 to 43 days). In Streeter’s stage 18–20 (FA, 44 to 51 days), the tongue was vertically positioned and filled the posterior nasopharyngeal space. As the growth of the mandible and maxilla advanced, the tongue was pulled down and protruded anteriorly to form the linguomandibular complex. Angulation between the anterior cranial base (ACB) and the posterior cranial base (PCB) was formed by the emerging tongue at FA 4 weeks and became constant at approximately 124°–126° from FA 6 weeks until birth, which was consistent with angulations measured on adult cephalograms. Conclusions: The early clockwise growth of the ACB to the maxillary plane became harmonious with the counter-clockwise growth of the PCB to the tongue axis during the early prenatal period. These observations suggest that human embryonic tongue growth affects ACB and PCB angulation, stimulates maxillary growth, and induces mandibular movement to achieve the essential functions of oral and maxillofacial structures.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

3D Genial Tubercle Anatomic Considerations in Genioglossus Advancement Surgery
Nihal Punjabi, Alexandra Vacaru, Jared C. Inman
Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery.2024; 171(5): 1572. CrossRef
Anatomical investigation of the common minke whale fetal tongue reveals papillae marginales and glands
Haruto Watanabe, Ayumi Hirose, Hiroto Murase, Gen Nakamura
Fisheries Science.2024; 90(6): 953. CrossRef
Fetal Micro and Macroglossia
Natalie Koren, Shir Shust‐Barequet, Tal Weissbach, Oshrat Raviv, Samar Abu Snenh, Efrat Abraham, Tal Cahan, Vered Eisenberg, Vered Yulzari, Efrat Hadi, Laura Adamo, Shali Mazaki Tovi, Reuven Achiron, Zvi Kivilevitch, Boaz Weisz, Eran Kassif
Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine.2023; 42(1): 59. CrossRef
Current data on the development of tongue in prenatal period of human ontogenesis
Tatyana A. Alekseeva, Elena D. Lutsay
Science and Innovations in Medicine.2022; 7(3): 148. CrossRef
Morphometric development of the tongue in fetal cadavers
Ahmet Dursun, Yadigar Kastamonı, Demet Kacaroglu, Neslihan Yuzbasıoglu, Tolga Ertekın
Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy.2020; 42(1): 3. CrossRef
Pigmented Fungiform Papillae of the Tongue and Lingual Fimbriae as Single Presentation in Adult: A Case Report and Literature Review
Meircurius Dwi Condro Surboyo, Diah Savitri Ernawati, Adiastuti Endah Parmadiati, Riyan Iman Marsetyo
European Journal of Dentistry.2020; 14(04): 702. CrossRef
Tongue development in stillborns autopsied at different gestational ages
Laura S. Aguiar, Guilherme R. Juliano, Luciano A.M. Silveira, Mariana S. Oliveira, Bianca G.S. Torquato, Gabriela R. Juliano, Márcia F. Araújo, Sanivia Aparecida L. Pereira, Vicente de Paula A. Teixeira, Mara Lúcia F. Ferraz
Jornal de Pediatria.2018; 94(6): 616. CrossRef
In Utero Glossoptosis in Fetuses With Robin Sequence
Cory M. Resnick, Tessa D. Kooiman, Carly E. Calabrese, Ryne Didier, Bonnie L. Padwa, Judy A. Estroff, Maarten J. Koudstaal
The Cleft Palate Craniofacial Journal.2018; 55(4): 562. CrossRef
Tongue development in stillborns autopsied at different gestational ages
Laura S. Aguiar, Guilherme R. Juliano, Luciano A.M. Silveira, Mariana S. Oliveira, Bianca G.S. Torquato, Gabriela R. Juliano, Márcia F. Araújo, Sanivia Aparecida L. Pereira, Vicente de Paula A. Teixeira, Mara Lúcia F. Ferraz
Jornal de Pediatria (Versão em Português).2018; 94(6): 616. CrossRef
Coexisting Congenital Subglosso-palatal Membrane and Tongue Dermoid in a Neonate
Preeti Tiwari, Vaibhav Pandey, Jayanto Tapadar
Indian Pediatrics.2018; 55(12): 1087. CrossRef
Tongue harmatoma in association with cleft palate: Case report
UwakweCosmas Mba, IfeanyiIgwilo Onah
Journal of Cleft Lip Palate and Craniofacial Anomalies.2017; 4(2): 168. CrossRef

Molecular Cloning of Novel Genes Related to the Craniofacial Development of Human Embryo.: Young Jun Lee, Tak Soo Go, Hyung Wook Han, Sang Shin Lee, Eun Cheol Kim, Yeon Sook Kim, Suk Keun Lee, Je G Chi; Korean J Pathol. 2000;34(12):961-971.

1,816 View
13 Download

Abstract PDF: In order to obtain novel genes for craniofacial development of human, molecular cloning and sequencing were performed and followed by in situ hybridization in tissue sections. Subtracted cDNA library of craniofacial tissue from 8 weeks old human embryo was made by the subtraction with cDNA of RHEK cells. A total of 231 clones were obtained and their partial sequence data disclosed that 214 clones were nonredundant in Genebank search. We have done in situ hybridization screening on the craniofacial sections of a 10 weeks old human fetus, and found significant positive reaction in 30 clones. Depending on the cell type of similar developmental origin, the positive reactions could be divided into four groups: first group showed an intense positive reaction in neural tube, ganglion, and a part of peripheral nerve tissue, second group relatively diffuse positive reaction in neural tube, cartilage, epithelium, and muscle, third group localized positive reaction in nerve, and muscle, and fourth group positive reaction in almost all kinds of cells of craniofacial tissues. Although every clone showed different expression patterns in the craniofacial development, some of them showed intense mRNA expressions in the characteristic cell type. Because this study also aimed to test a screening methods to find out novel genes related to craniofacial development by the subtracted cDNA library and in situ hybridization, the intense positive reaction of a certain clone by in situ hybridization may indicate its role in the developmental processes. We presumed that 30 clones selected in this study are possibly important new genes for the development of human craniofacial structure.

Case Reports

Embryonal Rhabdomyosarcoma of Urinary Bladder Diagnosed by Urine Cytology: A Case Report.: Joo Heon Kim, Ho Lee, Myoung Jae Kang, Dong Geun Lee, Sang Ho Kim; Korean J Cytopathol. 1994;5(1):71-73.

1,743 View
29 Download

Abstract PDF: Rhabdomyosarcomas are found mainly in young patients, but rare in adults. A correlated cytological and histologic study of one case of embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma is presented. The cytologic appearance of the urine smear corresponded well with the histologic findings. Cytologically, two main cell types were distinguished; a predominant primitive, small round cell with scant cytoplasm and a large cell with abundant cytoplasm. The cytologic feature proving rhabdomyoblastic differenti-ation, such as cross-striation, was absent.

Diffuse Embryoma of the Testis: A Case Report.: Won Ae Lee; Korean J Pathol. 2008;42(2):103-107.

2,026 View
25 Download

Abstract PDF: Diffuse embryoma of the testis is a very rare, distinct form of mixed germ cell tumor. I report here on a case of diffuse embryoma in a 22-year-old male who presented with painful scrotal swelling. The resected testis was entirely occupied by a non-encapsulated tumor mass. The cut surface of the tumor was grey or whitish pink, soft and granular with foci of hemorrhage and necrosis. Microscopically, the tumor was characterized by a diffuse, orderly arrangement of embryonal carcinoma and yolk sac tumor in almost equal proportions. The yolk sac tumor component was diffusely wrapped around the embryonal carcinoma. Syncytiotrophoblasts were scattered throughout the tumor. Minor foci of immature teratoma, seminoma and intratubular germ cell neoplasia were observed. The yolk sac tumor (YST) component was emphasized by immunoreactivity for alpha fetoprotein, whereas the embryonal carcinoma was reactive for CD30. The strong reactivity for cytokeratin in the YST component formed an outstanding contrast to the weak cytokeratin reactivity in the embryonal carcinoma.

Original Article

Methylation Patterns of Small Nuclear Ribonucleoprotein Polypeptide N (SNRPN) Related to the Germ Cell Differentiation of Human Germ Cell Tumors.: Sun Young Jun, Kyu Rae Kim, Jene Choi, Jae Y Ro; Korean J Pathol. 2007;41(1):21-29.

1,834 View
18 Download

Abstract PDF: BACKGROUND
The histogenesis and interrelationship of the various types of germ cell tumors (GCTs) have been proposed. Dysgerminoma/seminoma (D/S) is a primitive GCT that has not acquired the potential for further differentiation, whereas other types of GCTs are in a dynamic process of differentiation towards a somatic or extraembryonal direction. A primordial germ cell giving rise to a GCT undergoes a developmentally regulated erasure and resetting of imprinted genes, but changes in the imprinting pattern in GCTs as the tumor differentiates have not been well defined. We aimed to investigate the changes of the SNRPN methylation pattern between the germinomas and non-germinomatous GCTs, as compared with the somatic methylation pattern.
METHODS
We used formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue sections of 97 GCTs (18 Ds, 21 Ss, 17 yolk sac tumors (YSTs), 19 immature teratomas, and 22 mature teratomas). DNA methylation was evaluated after bisulfite modification, PCR amplification, and restriction enzyme digestion.
RESULTS
The SNRPN methylation pattern was changed in 53/74 (71.6%) of GCTs as non-somatic patterns. There were significant differences in the methylation pattern between the germinomas and non-germinomatous GCTs, the GCTs being frequently hypo- methylated in Ds/Ss (73.3%), in contrast to the frequent hypermethylation seen in the YSTs and teratomas (47.7%, p<0.05).
CONCLUSIONS
The methylation status of an imprinting gene may be involved in the mechanism causing cellular differentiation and tumorigenesis of GCTs.

Case Report

Embryonal Sarcoma of the Liver with Chondrosarcomatous Differentiation: A case report.: Woo Hee Jung, Hyunee Yim, Ho Guen Kim, Chan Il Park, Ki Keun Oh, Seung Hoon Choi; Korean J Pathol. 1992;26(5):504-509.

1,782 View
13 Download

Abstract PDF: Embryonal sarcomas of the liver, often called undifferentiated sarcomas or malignant mesenchymomas, are extremely rare tumors that occur chiefly in children with poor prognosis and uncertain histogenesis. Histologically, tumor cells are stellate or spindle shaped, loosely arranged in edematous or myxoid pattern alternating with highly cellular zones and do not show evidence of differentiation. Ultrastructural and immunohistochemical studies by previous investigators indicate that the neoplastic cells are mostly primitive mesenchymal cell which occasionally differentiate to fibroblasts, lipoblasts, histiocytes and smooth muscle cells via intermediate cell types. The authors experienced a case of 6-year old boy who presented with an enlarging abdominal mass of the liver which revealed typical histological and ultrastructural features of embryonal sarcoma with focal areas of unusual chondrosarcomatous differentiation.

Original Articles

Embryogensis of Human Liver.: Woong Kim, Je G Chi; Korean J Pathol. 1990;24(4):393-401.

1,618 View
11 Download

Abstract PDF: The morphologic development of the liver in the embryonic period is described in serial sections of 18 human embryos representative of Horizons 12 to 23 . In the earliest specimen of horizon 12, the liver is seen as branching cord of endodermal cells originating from the hepatic diverticulum and invading into the loose stroma of septum transversum, transforming the surrounding stromal cells into primitive blood spaces and blood cells. Thereafter, the parenchymal cells rapidly proliferated so that the size of the organ was reaching a fifth of the CR length in horizon 23. The vascular system of the liver was in a symmetric configuration in horizon 12, which is composed of umbilical and vitelline veins and hepatocardiac channels on both sides. The evolution of the vascular system includes intergration of the vitelline veins into the portal vein, obliteration of the right umbilical vein and left hepatocardiac channel, and creation of the ductus venosus. The intrahepatic biliary tract is found to be formed by the "in situ transformation" mechanism, which involves transformation of the parenchymal cells, adjacent to the fibrous tissue surrounding the portal and umbilical veins, to networks of cuboidal epithelial cells lining the ductal lumen. These intrahepatic duct systems were found to communicate with the extrahepatic system at the porta hepatis.

Morphological Observation on the Prenatal Development of the Human Gastrointestinal Tract.: Yeon Lim Suh, Je G Chi; Korean J Pathol. 1990;24(2):103-119.

2,126 View
25 Download

Abstract PDF: A total of 322 fetuses and 29 embryos were examined light microscopically to evaluate the morphological development of the human gastrointestinal tract with increasing gestational age. The human embryos were analysed by reconstruction of serial section slides. One hundred and forty fetuses ranging from 15 to 41 weeks of gestation were used for correlating the gestational age and the body weight with the measurement of the small and large intestines. 1) The esophagus develps from the distal part of the foregut through a partition of the tracheoesophageal septum. Initially the esophagus is short, but it elongates rapidly and reaches its final relative length and position by the seventh week. The epithelium of the esophagus proliferates and completely obliterates the lumen by the seventh week, but recanalization occurs by the ninth week. The esophageal epithelia consist of three different groups of cells; stratified squamoid cells, ciliated columnar cells and tall columnar cells by the 21th week. 2) The stomach appears as a fusiform enlargement of the caudal part of the esophagus at the fourth week. During next two weeks the stomach acquires its adult shape and final position. The primordial gastric pits and the parietal cells appear at the eighth and eleventh weeks, respectively. 3) As the midgut elongates, it forms a ventral U-shaped loop, called primitive intestinal loop by the fifth week. At this stage the cecum appears as a swelling from the caudal limb of the intestinal loop. By the seventh week the bulks of the caudal limb of the intestine herniate into the umbilical cord, in which the loop rotates 90 degrees counterclockwise around the axis of the superior mesenteric artery. During the tenth week, the intestine returns to the abdomen and undergoes a further 180 degrees counterclockwise rotatation. 4) The cloaca is divided into two parts by a urorectal septum at the fifth week. By the seventh week the urorectal septum has fused with the cloacal membrane, dividing it into a dorsal anal membrane and ventral urogenital membrane. The anal membrane ruptures at the eighth week. 5) During the sixth week the duodenal lumen becomes completely filled with proliferating epithelium. The villi project from the mucosa of the small and large intestines at the eighth and eleventh weeks, respectively. The villi of large intestine become resorbed again after the 21th week. At the fifth week Paneth cells appear through the entire length of the intestine including the rectum, but disappear in the colon and the rectum after the 36th week. 6) The developing Auerbach's plexuses are well recognized along the outside of muscle coat throughout the gastrointestinal tract, but demonstrate no immunoreactivity for the anti-neuron specific enolase antibody. The neuroblasts in the myenteric plexus reveal strong positivity for the anti-neuron specific enolase antibody at the eleventh week, but the ganglion cells differentiate by the fourteenth week. 7) Differentiation of the gastrointestinal wall and development of the myenteric plexus begin form the esophagus and progress caudally down to the colon. But the anorectal wall is differentiated from the cloaca more earlier than the esophagus, stomach and colon are. 8) The small and the large intestines elongate progressively with the increasing gestational age and body weight and increase approximately 5.6 and 5.4 folds, respectively during the 25 weeks from the 15th to 41th week of gestation. At the 40th gestational week the small intestine is 5.68 times the length of the colon. 9) The correlation between the body weight (BW), crown-rump length (CR) and intestianl length (small intestine (SI), large itestine (LI) is presented as: SI (cm)= -33.67 + 4.14CR + 11.62 (BW)(1/3), LI (cm)= 5.56 + 0.76CR + 0.007BW (gm), CR (cm)= 7.82 + 0.015 SI + 0.41 (BW)(1/2).

Metastatic Embryonal Carcinoma of Testis: Aspiration Cytology of Cervical Lymph Node.: Jung Weon Shim, Hae Kyung Ahn, Il Hyang Ko; Korean J Pathol. 1990;24(1):91-94.

1,790 View
22 Download

Abstract PDF: Embryonal carcinoma of testis may be composed of primitive cells with epithelial appearance showing prominent variation in size and shape, clear cytoplasm, overlapping nuclei. and many mitoses. Multiple lymph node enlargement was noticed in a 45-year-old man with known huge testicular tumor, 20 x 15 cm, and clinically malignant lymphoma was suspected. Microscopic and cytologic finding of both biopsy and needle aspiration from neck lymph node disclosed highly undifferentiated large cells, mostly in solid sheets and often forming glandular spaces. Massive necrosis was observed. Cytologic diagnosis of embryonal carcinoma was made possible, relied on the result of immunohistochemistry that revealed negative LCA, and positive cytokeratin and CEA as well as the cytologic features. Serum levels of HCG and AFP of the patient, in addition, were markedly elevated.

Endodermal Sinus Tumor of the Orbit.: Dae Hyun Back, Jin Man Kim, Kwang Sun Suh, Kyu Sang Song, Choong Sik Lee, Dae Young Kang; Korean J Pathol. 1989;23(3):392-395.

1,803 View
12 Download

Abstract PDF: An endodermal sinus tumor is a malignant germ cell tumor that usually arises in the gonads, but on rare occasion occurs in extragonadal locations. Our case was that of a 3 year old girl who complained of a rapid growing orbital mass. On histologic examination it revealed the typical picture of an endodermal sinus tumor and it also disclosed a positive reaction for alphafetoprotein using an immunoperoxidase technique. An orbital exenteration was performed followed by chemotheraphy, but the patient died 5 months after the onset of the disease.

Case Report

Sclerosing Seat Duct Carcinoma: Report of a case.: K H Park, N H Cho, K G Lee; Korean J Pathol. 1989;23(3):382-386.

1,477 View
18 Download

Abstract PDF: Sclerosing sweat duct carcinoma is unusual and locally aggressive neoplasm that is important to recognize since it may be confused with other benign adnexal neoplasms, particularly syringoma. Authors present a case of sclerosing sweat duct carcinoma in a 21 yearold man. The lesion was a round fresh-colored hard plaque, 1 cm in size, near the right inner eyebrow. The lesion was not fixed. Regional lymph nodes wer not palpated. Histologically, the tumor was composed of small basaloid cell nests and numerous horn cysts in the sclerotic stroma. Some of the small nests showed ductular differentation. The tumor infilturated the dermis, adjacent to the subcutaneous fat tissue and invaded a nerve fiber. Cytologic atypism of the tumor cells was not present. The tumor cell nest is positively stained with carcinoembryonic antigen.

Original Articles

Morphological Observation on the Prenatal Development of the Human Heart (I): Study on the Early Cardiac Development using Human and Chick Embryos.: Jeong Wook Seo, Je G Chi; Korean J Pathol. 1989;23(2):187-197.

1,695 View
11 Download

Abstract PDF: Normal embryonic development of human heart is studied with special emphasis to the formation of atrioventricular and ventriculoarterial connections and their significance in congenital heart disease. Twenty nine human embryos and 8 chick embryos are used in this study. Human embryos are analyzed by reconstruction of serial section slides and chick embryos are microdissected and examined by scanning electron microscopy. In the early cardiac development (Streeter horizon 12), bulbo-ventricular fold divided two ventricles first. The atrioventricular canal is incompletely divided and the canal was in contact neither with septum primum nor with ventricular septal crest. Infundibular and truncal septa were not seen. The division of A-V canal was observed during the stages 14-15. Septation of truncus arteriosus (Streeter horizon 15-17) was followed by septation of bulbus cordis (Streeter horizon 16-17). The shortening of mitral-aortic distance and downward left shift of aortic valve occured after the trunco-infundibular septation and finally the secondary interventricular formen closed at the end of seventh week (Streeter horizon 20-21).

Weekly Development and Growth of Tooth Germ in Korean Fetuses.: Suk Keun Lee, Chang Yun Lim, Je G Chi; Korean J Pathol. 1989;23(1):1-19.

1,774 View
13 Download

Abstract PDF: In order to elucidate the developmental stages of human tooth germ during prenatal period, we examined 254 normal fetuses ranging in gestational age from six weeks to fourty weeks old histologically. Lim's developmental pattern of prenatal tooth germ was divided into three groups, the first group consisting of five grades (I, II, III, IV, V) was for the development of enamel epithelium the second group of three grades was for the deposition of dentin matrix and enamel matrix, and the third group of three grades (A, B, C) was for the growth of perifollicular bone. Some developmental progress between enamel epithelium and dental papilla could be identified by observation of the sequential development of deciduous and permanent tooth germs histologically. The following results were made. 1) The prenatal development of tooth germ showed similar weekly stages in both the maxilla and the mandible. The initial deposition of dentin matrix and enamel matrix (III-1 stage) started at 12-14 weeks of gestational age in the deciduous incisor and canine, and at 16-20 weeks of gestational age in the deciduous molars. And the initial deposition of dentin matrix and enamel matrix in the permanent first molar was at 20-22 weeks of gestational age, and that of the permanent incisor was at 34-36 weeks, and that of the permanent canine was 36-38 weeks, and of the permanent premolar was at 38-40 weeks. 2) The S-shaped curvature was characteristically found where the reciprocal induction of odontoblast and amelobast occurred actively in the developing tooth germ. Primarily pre-ameloblasts which abutted on the dental papilla differentiate the condensed mesenchymal cells into odontoblasts, and secondarily matured odontoblasts which bulged into enamel epithelium produced dentin matrix and differentiated the shrunken pre-ameloblasts into ameloblasts. 3) The mandible grew more rapidly than the maxilla during the early prenatal period. The trabecular bone from both jaws proliferated initially into labial side of developing tooth follicle and gradually circumscribed the tooth follicle lingually and mesio-distally, to form perifollicular bone resultantly.

First
Prev
Page of 1
Next
Last

Search