Journal of Pathology and Translational Medicine

Original Article

Immunohistochemical Expression and Clinical Significance of Suggested Stem Cell Markers in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Jong Jin Sung, Sang Jae Noh, Jun Sang Bae, Ho Sung Park, Kyu Yun Jang, Myoung Ja Chung, Woo Sung Moon; J Pathol Transl Med. 2016;50(1):52-57. Published online November 18, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4132/jptm.2015.10.09

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Background
Increasing evidence has shown that tumor initiation and growth are nourished by a small subpopulation of cancer stem cells (CSCs) within the tumor mass. CSCs are posited to be responsible for tumor maintenance, growth, distant metastasis, and relapse after curative operation. We examined the expression of CSC markers in paraffin-embedded tissue sections of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and correlated the results with clinicopathologic characteristics. Methods: Immunohistochemical staining for the markers believed to be expressed in the CSCs, including epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM), keratin 19 (K19), CD133, and CD56, was performed in 82 HCC specimens. Results: EpCAM expression was observed in 56% of the HCCs (46/82) and K19 in 6% (5/82). EpCAM expression in HCC significantly correlated with elevated α-fetoprotein level, microvessel invasion of tumor cells, and high histologic grade. In addition, Ep- CAM expression significantly correlated with K19 expression. The overall survival and relapsefree survival rates in patients with EpCAM-expressing HCC were relatively lower than those in patients with EpCAM-negative HCC. All but two of the 82 HCCs were negative for CD133 and CD56, respectively. Conclusions: Our results suggest that HCCs expressing EpCAM are associated with unfavorable prognostic factors and have a more aggressive clinical course than those not expressing EpCAM. Further, the expression of either CD133 or CD56 in paraffin-embedded HCC tissues appears to be rare.

Citations

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Narayanan Sadagopan, Aiwu Ruth He
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Zhengrong Ou, Shoushuo Fu, Jian Yi, Jingxuan Huang, Weidong Zhu
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Peiwen Ding, Panyu Chen, Jiqi Ouyang, Qiang Li, Shijie Li
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PD-L1 Downregulation and DNA Methylation Inhibition for Molecular Therapy against Cancer Stem Cells in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
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Aiat Shaban Hemida, Doha Maher Taie, Moshira Mohamed Abd El-Wahed, Mohammed Ibrahim Shabaan, Mona Saeed Tantawy, Nermine Ahmed Ehsan
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Detection of oncogenic mutations in paired circulating tumor DNA and circulating tumor cells in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma
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Pathology International.2021; 71(10): 682. CrossRef
Predictors of recurrence and survival of hepatocellular carcinoma: A prospective study including transient elastography and cancer stem cell markers
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Napabucasin Reduces Cancer Stem Cell Characteristics in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Ya Li, Qiuju Han, Huajun Zhao, Quanjuan Guo, Jian Zhang
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The mRNA Distribution of Cancer Stem Cell Marker CD90/Thy-1 Is Comparable in Hepatocellular Carcinoma of Eastern and Western Populations
An B. Luong, Huy Q. Do, Paola Tarchi, Deborah Bonazza, Cristina Bottin, Loraine Kay D. Cabral, Long D. C. Tran, Thao P. T. Doan, Lory S. Crocè, Hoa L. T. Pham, Claudio Tiribelli, Caecilia H. C. Sukowati
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Histological architectural classification determines recurrence pattern and prognosis after curative hepatectomy in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma
Hirohisa Okabe, Tomoharu Yoshizumi, Yo-ichi Yamashita, Katsunori Imai, Hiromitsu Hayashi, Shigeki Nakagawa, Shinji Itoh, Norifumi Harimoto, Toru Ikegami, Hideaki Uchiyama, Toru Beppu, Shinichi Aishima, Ken Shirabe, Hideo Baba, Yoshihiko Maehara, Motoyuki
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Overexpression of epithelial cell adhesion molecule as a predictor of poor outcome in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma
Chih‑Jan Ko, Chia‑Jung Li, Meng‑Yu Wu, Pei‑Yi Chu
Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine.2018;[Epub] CrossRef
Clinicopathologic Significance of Survivin Expression in Relation to CD133 Expression in Surgically Resected Stage II or III Colorectal Cancer
Wanlu Li, Mi-Ra Lee, EunHee Choi, Mee-Yon Cho
Journal of Pathology and Translational Medicine.2017; 51(1): 17. CrossRef
PIN1 in hepatocellular carcinoma is associated with TP53 gene status
Jun Sang Bae, Sang Jae Noh, Kyoung Min Kim, Kyu Yun Jang, Ho Sung Park, Myoung Ja Chung, Byung-Hyun Park, Woo Sung Moon
Oncology Reports.2016; 36(4): 2405. CrossRef

Brief Case Reports

Malignant Fat-Forming Solitary Fibrous Tumor of the Thigh: Sang Jae Noh, Kyu Yun Jang; Korean J Pathol. 2014;48(1):69-72. Published online February 25, 2014; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4132/KoreanJPathol.2014.48.1.69

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Nesidioblastosis and Pancreatic Non-functioning Islet Cell Tumor in an Adult with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Ji Eun Choi, Sang Jae Noh, Jong Jin Sung, Woo Sung Moon; Korean J Pathol. 2013;47(5):489-491. Published online October 25, 2013; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4132/KoreanJPathol.2013.47.5.489

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Diffuse, Adult-Onset Nesidioblastosis/Non-Insulinoma Pancreatogenous Hypoglycemia Syndrome (NIPHS): Review of the Literature of a Rare Cause of Hyperinsulinemic Hypoglycemia
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Nesidioblastosis in an Adult with Short Gut Syndrome and Type 2 Diabetes
Mimi Wong, Luke Conway, Caroline Cooper, Ashim Sinha, Nirjhar Nandi
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Minerva K. Fahmy, Hayam G. Sayyed, Eman A. Abd Elrahim, Rana T.A. Farag
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Diagnostic Performance of 48-Hour Fasting Test and Insulin Surrogates in Patients With Suspected Insulinoma
Keijiro Ueda, Ken Kawabe, Lingaku Lee, Yuichi Tachibana, Nao Fujimori, Hisato Igarashi, Yoshinao Oda, Robert T. Jensen, Ryoichi Takayanagi, Tetsuhide Ito
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Nesidioblastosis (diagnosis, surgical treatment)
A. G. Kriger, A. V. Smirnov, D. V. Kalinin, A. V. Glotov, S. V. Berelavichus, G. I. Konyaeva, A. N. Lebedeva, N. A. Karel’skaya, V. N. Tsygankov
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Case Study

Multicystic Biliary Hamartoma of the Liver: Ji Soo Song, Sang Jae Noh, Baik Hwan Cho, Woo Sung Moon; Korean J Pathol. 2013;47(3):275-278. Published online June 25, 2013; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4132/KoreanJPathol.2013.47.3.275

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Abstract PDF

Multicystic biliary hamartoma (MCBH) is a very rare hamartomatous cystic nodule of the liver, which has recently been described as a new entity of a hepatic nodular lesion. We report a unique case of MCBH with a review of the literatures. A hepatic multicystic mass of segment 3 was detected in a 52-year-old male by abdominal computed tomography, and resection of this lesion was performed. Macroscopic examination revealed a 2.7×2.0 cm nodular mass with a multicystic honeycomb cut surface. Histologically, this lesion consisted of multiple dilated cystic ducts lined by biliary type epithelial cells, periductal glands and connective tissue, which included small amounts of hepatic parenchyma and blood vessels. Recognition of this unusual lesion is essential to avoid confusion with other cystic tumors of the liver, and to learn more about its natural history and response to treatment.

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Brief Case Report

Mucinous Non-neoplastic Cyst of the Pancreas: Jae Do Yang, Ji Soo Song, Sang Jae Noh, Woo Sung Moon; Korean J Pathol. 2013;47(2):188-190. Published online April 24, 2013; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4132/KoreanJPathol.2013.47.2.188

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Original Article

Expressions of E-cadherin, Cortactin and MMP-9 in Pseudoepitheliomatous Hyperplasia and Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck: Their Relationships with Clinicopathologic Factors and Prognostic Implication: Tack Kune You, Kyoung Min Kim, Sang Jae Noh, Jun Sang Bae, Kyu Yun Jang, Myoung Ja Chung, Woo Sung Moon, Myoung Jae Kang, Dong Geun Lee, Ho Sung Park; Korean J Pathol. 2012;46(4):331-340. Published online August 23, 2012; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4132/KoreanJPathol.2012.46.4.331

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Abstract PDF

Background

E-cadherin, cortactin, and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 have roles in tumor development or progression, but their expression has not been fully investigated in pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia (PEH) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the head and neck.

Methods

We evaluated the immunohistochemical expression of E-cadherin, cortactin, and MMP-9 in 29 cases of PEH and 97 cases of SCC. Additionally, we evaluated their relationship with clinicopathologic factors and prognostic implications in SCC.

Results

Thirty-five cases of SCC showed reduced expression of E-cadherin, whereas none of the PEH did. A total of 20 cases and 11 cases of SCC were immunoreactive for cortactin and MMP-9, respectively, whereas none of the PEH did. In SCC, reduced expression of E-cadherin was correlated with cortactin expression and invasion depth. Cortactin expression was correlated with differentiation, T classification, and recurrence and/or metastasis. MMP-9 expression was correlated with invasion depth. Cortactin expression was correlated with poor overall survival and relapse-free survival and it was an independent prognostic factor.

Conclusions

The reduced expression of E-cadherin and the expression of cortactin may be helpful for the differential diagnosis of PEH and SCC. Furthermore, cortactin expression in association with reduced E-cadherin expression is correlated with poor prognosis in SCC.

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Case Reports

In Situ Follicular Lymphoma Developed after Hodgkin Lymphoma.: Ho Sung Park, Sang Jae Noh, Jae Yong Kwak, Eun Kee Song, Myung Hee Sohn, Ho Lee, Woo Sung Moon, Kyu Yun Jang; Korean J Pathol. 2011;45:S53-S57.; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4132/KoreanJPathol.2011.45.S1.S53

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Abstract PDF: In situ follicular lymphoma is a newly defined entity among the lymphoid neoplasms and is defined as architecturally normal-appearing lymph nodes and other lymphoid tissues that have one or more follicles that demonstrate bcl-2 overexpressing centrocytes and centroblasts, with or without a monomorphic cytologic appearance suggestive of follicular lymphoma. Here we present a case of in situ follicular lymphoma diagnosed during the follow-up after a complete response to the treatment of lymphocyte-rich classical Hodgkin's lymphoma. In our case, because only a few germinal centers contained bcl-2 overexpressing cells, we missed the diagnosis of in situ follicular lymphoma in the initial histological examination. We could establish the diagnosis only after performing bcl-2 immunostaining in the sequential biopsy. Therefore, we recommend that careful histological examination along with bcl-2 immunostaining is needed in patients with suspicious clinical findings.

Solitary Fibrous Tumor of the Liver: A Case Report.: Hee Chul Yu, Baik Hwan Cho, Young Kon Kim, Sang Jae Noh, Woo Sung Moon; Korean J Pathol. 2010;44(5):536-539.; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4132/KoreanJPathol.2010.44.5.536

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Abstract PDF

Solitary fibrous tumor is an uncommon neoplasm of mesenchymal origin that primarily affects the pleura. This tumor has been rarely found in liver parenchyma. We present an additional case of a solitary fibrous tumor in the liver of a 46-year-old woman. A contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance image revealed a well-defined round hepatic mass with strong homogeneous enhancement on arterial phase imaging. The tumor was composed of cytologically bland spindle cells with alternating hypercellular and hypocellular sclerotic areas. Immunohistochemistry indicated that the tumor cells were positive for vimentin, CD34, CD99 and smooth muscle actin, but negative for cytokeratin, human melanoma black 45, CD117, bcl-2, and S-100 protein.

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Meningeal Solitary Fibrous Tumors with Delayed Extracranial Metastasis
Nayoung Han, Hannah Kim, Soo Kee Min, Sun-Ha Paek, Chul-Kee Park, Seung-Hong Choi, U-Ri Chae, Sung-Hye Park
Journal of Pathology and Translational Medicine.2016; 50(2): 113. CrossRef

Original Article

The Prognostic Significance of the Tumor-Infiltrating FoxP3-Positive Regulatory T Cells in Gastric Carcinoma.: Sang Jae Noh, Shin Young Park, Kyung Ryoul Kim, Chan Young Kim, Keun Sang Kwon, Ho Sung Park, Ho Lee, Myoung Ja Chung, Woo Sung Moon, Kyu Yun Jang; Korean J Pathol. 2010;44(1):9-15.; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4132/KoreanJPathol.2010.44.1.9

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Abstract PDF

BACKGROUND
Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are known to be key regulators of immune responses in patients with autoimmune disease and infection and also for attenuating antitumor immunity by the host. It has been reported that high numbers of tumor-infiltrating Tregs might be associated with poor clinical outcomes for several malignant tumors. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the impact of tumor-infiltrating Tregs on the prognosis of gastric carcinoma patients.
METHODS
The immunohistochemical staining for anti-fork head Box P3 (FoxP3) antibody was performed by using a 3 mm core from the tumor specimens of each of the 173 gastric cancer patients for constructing a tissue microarray. FoxP3-positive Tregs were quantified by calculating the numbers of positive cells per 5 high-power fields on light microscopy. Thereafter, the 173 patients were subdivided into the low Tregs group (< or = 3/5 high power fields [HPF], n = 41) and the high Tregs group (> 3/5 HPF, n = 132).
RESULTS
The high Tregs group was significantly associated with a higher stage, more invasion depth and lymph node metastasis (p = 0.009, p = 0.036, p = 0.006, respectively). The high Tregs group showed significantly poorer overall survival and event-free survival (p = 0.004, p = 0.017, respectively) on the univariate analysis. The Tregs group and the tumor, node and metastasis stage were also independent prognostic factors that were significantly associated with overall survival (p = 0.025, p < 0.001, respectively) by multivariate analysis.
CONCLUSIONS
Our results indicated that a high number of tumor-infiltrating FoxP3-positive Tregs could be an indicator of poor long term survival for gastric carcinoma patients.

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Significance of Foxp3 Positive Regulatory T Cell and Tumor Infiltrating T Lymphocyte in Triple Negative Breast Cancer
Hanna Kang, Harin Cheong, Min Sun Cho, Heasoo Koo, Woon Sup Han, Kyung Eun Lee, Byung In Moon, Sun Hee Sung
The Korean Journal of Pathology.2011; 45(1): 53. CrossRef

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