Journal of Pathology and Translational Medicine

Volume 52(3); May 2018

Review

Let Archived Paraffin Blocks Be Utilized for Research with Waiver of Informed Consent: Yong-Jin Kim, Jeong Sik Park, Karam Ko, Chang Rok Jeong; J Pathol Transl Med. 2018;52(3):141-147. Published online April 5, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4132/jptm.2018.02.07

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Advances in biomedical and genetic research have contributed to more effective public health improvement via bench-to-bed research and the emergence of personalized medicine. This has certainly showcased the importance of archived human tissues, especially paraffin-embedded blocks in pathology. Currently in Korea, undue legislative regulations of the Bioethics and Safety Act suspend and at times discourage studies from taking place. In this paper, the authors underline the value of paraffin blocks in the era of personalized and translational medicine. We discuss detailed clauses regarding the applicability of paraffin blocks from a legal perspective and compare Korea’s regulations with those of other countries. The necessity for allowing waived consent and Institutional Review Board (IRB) approval will be argued throughout. The authors suggest that researchers declare the following to obtain IRB approval and waiver of informed consents: research could not be practically carried out without a waiver of consent; the proposed research presents no more than minimal risk of harm to subjects, and the waiver of consent will not adversely affect the rights and welfare of subjects; and research will not utilize a tissue block if only 1 is available for each subject, to allow future clinical use such as re-evaluation or further studies.

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NaV1.7 channels are expressed in the lower airways of the human respiratory tract
Everardo Hernández-Plata, Ana Alfaro Cruz, Carina Becerril
Respiratory Physiology & Neurobiology.2023; 311: 104034. CrossRef
Expression Profiles of GILZ and SGK-1 in Potentially Malignant and Malignant Human Oral Lesions
Mahmood S. Mozaffari, Rafik Abdelsayed
Frontiers in Oral Health.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
IRB review points for studies utilizing paraffin blocks archived in the pathology laboratory
Yong-Jin Kim, Chang Rok Jeong, Jeong Sik Park
Yeungnam University Journal of Medicine.2018; 35(1): 36. CrossRef

Original Articles

Molecular Screening of Small Biopsy Samples Using Next-Generation Sequencing in Korean Patients with Advanced Non-small Cell Lung Cancer: Korean Lung Cancer Consortium (KLCC-13-01): Bo Mi Ku, Mi Hwa Heo, Joo-Hang Kim, Byoung Chul Cho, Eun Kyung Cho, Young Joo Min, Ki Hyeong Lee, Jong-Mu Sun, Se-Hoon Lee, Jin Seok Ahn, Keunchil Park, Tae Jung Kim, Ho Yun Lee, Hojoong Kim, Kyung-Jong Lee, Myung-Ju Ahn; J Pathol Transl Med. 2018;52(3):148-156. Published online March 26, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4132/jptm.2018.03.12

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Abstract PDF

Background
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a common type of cancer with poor prognosis. As individual cancers exhibit unique mutation patterns, identifying and characterizing gene mutations in NSCLC might help predict patient outcomes and guide treatment. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical adequacy of molecular testing using next-generation sequencing (NGS) for small biopsy samples and characterize the mutational landscape of Korean patients with advanced NSCLC.
Methods
DNA was extracted from small biopsy samples of 162 patients with advanced NSCLC. Targeted NGS of genomic alterations was conducted using Ion AmpliSeq Cancer Hotspot Panel v2.
Results
The median age of patients was 64 years (range, 32 to 83 years) and the majority had stage IV NSCLC at the time of cancer diagnosis (90%). Among the 162 patients, 161 patients (99.4%) had novel or hotspot mutations (range, 1 to 21 mutated genes). Mutations were found in 41 genes. Three of the most frequently mutated genes were TP53 (151, 93.2%), KDR (104, 64.2%), and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR; 69, 42.6%). We also observed coexistence of EGFR and other oncogene (such as KRAS, PIC3CA, PTEN, and STK11) mutations. Given that 69.6% (48/69) of EGFR mutant patients were treated with EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors, EGFR mutant status had higher prognostic ability in this study.
Conclusions
These results suggest that targeted NGS using small biopsy samples is feasible and allows for the detection of both common and rare mutations in NSCLC.

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Glena Travis, Eileen M. McGowan, Ann M. Simpson, Deborah J. Marsh, Najah T. Nassif
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Worldwide Prevalence of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Mutations in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Meta-Analysis
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Landscape of EGFR mutations in lung adenocarcinoma: a single institute experience with comparison of PANAMutyper testing and targeted next-generation sequencing
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Suitability of transbronchial brushing cytology specimens for next‐generation sequencing in peripheral lung cancer
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Yitong Xu, Chenglong Wang, Xizi Jiang, Yao Zhang, Hongbo Su, Jun Jiang, Hongjiu Ren, Xueshan Qiu
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Molecular biomarker testing for non–small cell lung cancer: consensus statement of the Korean Cardiopulmonary Pathology Study Group
Sunhee Chang, Hyo Sup Shim, Tae Jung Kim, Yoon-La Choi, Wan Seop Kim, Dong Hoon Shin, Lucia Kim, Heae Surng Park, Geon Kook Lee, Chang Hun Lee
Journal of Pathology and Translational Medicine.2021; 55(3): 181. CrossRef
Targeting non-small cell lung cancer: driver mutation beyond epidermal growth factor mutation and anaplastic lymphoma kinase fusion
Quincy S. Chu
Therapeutic Advances in Medical Oncology.2020;[Epub] CrossRef
Concomitant Mutations in EGFR 19Del/L858R Mutation and Their Association with Response to EGFR-TKIs in NSCLC Patients

Hengrui Liang, Caichen Li, Yi Zhao, Shen Zhao, Jun Huang, Xiuyu Cai, Bo Cheng, Shan Xiong, Jianfu Li, Wei Wang, Changbin Zhu, Weiwei Li, Jianxing He, Wenhua Liang
Cancer Management and Research.2020; Volume 12: 8653. CrossRef
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Hyun Min Koh, Dae Hyun Song
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PD‐L1 expression in ROS1‐rearranged non‐small cell lung cancer: A study using simultaneous genotypic screening of EGFR, ALK, and ROS1
Jongmin Lee, Chan Kwon Park, Hyoung‐Kyu Yoon, Young Jo Sa, In Sook Woo, Hyo Rim Kim, Sue Youn Kim, Tae‐Jung Kim
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Targeted Next-Generation Sequencing Validates the Use of Diagnostic Biopsies as a Suitable Alternative to Resection Material for Mutation Screening in Colorectal Cancer
Hersh A. Ham-Karim, Henry Okuchukwu Ebili, Kirsty Manger, Wakkas Fadhil, Narmeen S. Ahmad, Susan D. Richman, Mohammad Ilyas
Molecular Diagnosis & Therapy.2019; 23(3): 383. CrossRef
Small lung tumor biopsy samples are feasible for high quality targeted next generation sequencing
Hidenori Kage, Shinji Kohsaka, Aya Shinozaki‐Ushiku, Yoshihisa Hiraishi, Jiro Sato, Kazuhiro Nagayama, Tetsuo Ushiku, Daiya Takai, Jun Nakajima, Kiyoshi Miyagawa, Hiroyuki Aburatani, Hiroyuki Mano, Takahide Nagase
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Utility of BRAF VE1 Immunohistochemistry as a Screening Tool for Colorectal Cancer Harboring BRAF V600E Mutation: Jeong-Hwa Kwon, Byung-Kwan Jeong, Yong Sik Yoon, Chang Sik Yu, Jihun Kim; J Pathol Transl Med. 2018;52(3):157-163. Published online March 29, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4132/jptm.2018.03.28

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Abstract PDF Supplementary Material

Background
BRAF mutation has been recognized as an important biomarker of colorectal cancer (CRC) for targeted therapy and prognosis prediction. However, sequencing for every CRC case is not cost-effective. An antibody specific for BRAF V600E mutant protein has been introduced, and we thus examined the utility of BRAF VE1 immunohistochemistry for evaluating BRAF mutations in CRC.
Methods
Fifty-one BRAF-mutated CRCs and 100 age and sexmatched BRAF wild-type CRCs between 2005 and 2015 were selected from the archives of Asan Medical Center. Tissue microarrays were constructed and stained with BRAF VE1 antibody.
Results
Forty-nine of the 51 BRAF-mutant CRCs (96.1%) showed more than moderate cytoplasmic staining, except for two weakly stained cases. Six of 100 BRAF wild-type cases also stained positive with BRAF VE1 antibody; four stained weakly and two stained moderately. Normal colonic crypts showed nonspecific weak staining, and a few CRC cases exhibited moderate nuclear reactivity (3 BRAF-mutant and 10 BRAF wild-type cases). BRAF-mutated CRC patients had higher pathologic stages and worse survival than BRAF wild-type patients.
Conclusions
BRAF VE1 immunohistochemistry showed high sensitivity and specificity, but occasional nonspecific staining in tumor cell nuclei and normal colonic crypts may limit their routine clinical use. Thus, BRAF VE1 immunohistochemistry may be a useful screening tool for BRAF V600E mutation in CRCs, provided that additional sequencing studies can be done to confirm the mutation in BRAF VE1 antibody-positive cases.

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Laurenția Nicoleta Galeș, Mihai-Andrei Păun, Ioana Butnariu, Laurentiu Simion, Loredana Sabina Cornelia Manolescu, Oana Gabriela Trifănescu, Rodica Maricela Anghel
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The Major Role of NF-κB in the Depth of Invasion on Acral Melanoma by Decreasing CD8⁺ T Cells: Hermin Aminah Usman, Bethy S. Hernowo, Maringan Diapari Lumban Tobing, Reti Hindritiani; J Pathol Transl Med. 2018;52(3):164-170. Published online April 20, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4132/jptm.2018.04.04

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Abstract PDF

Background
The tumor microenvironment including immune surveillance affects malignant melanoma (MM) behavior. Nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) stimulates the transcription of various genes in the nucleus and plays a role in the inflammatory process and in tumorigenesis. CD8+ T cells have cytotoxic properties important in the elimination of tumors. However, inhibitory receptors on the cell surface will bind to programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), causing CD8+ T cells to lose their ability to initiate an immune response. This study analyzed the association of NF-κB and PD-L1 expression levels and CD8+ T-cell counts with depth of invasion of acral MM, which may be a predictor of aggressiveness related to an increased risk of metastasis.
Methods
A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Anatomical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran/Hasan Sadikin Hospital using 96 cases of acral melanoma. Immunohistochemical staining was performed on paraffin blocks using anti–NF-κB, –PD-L1, and -CD8 antibodies and invasion depth was measured using dotSlide-imaging software.
Results
The study showed significant associations between the individual expression of NF-κB and PD-L1 and CD8+ T-cell number, with MM invasion depth. NF-κB was found to be a confounding variable of CD8+ T-cell number (p < .05), but not for PD-L1 expression (p = .154). Through multivariate analysis it was found that NF-κB had the greatest association with the depth of invasion (p < .001), whereas PD-L1 was unrelated to the depth of invasion because it depends on the number of CD8+ T cells (p = .870).
Conclusions
NF-κB plays a major role in acral MM invasion, by decreasing the number of CD8+ T cells in acral MM.

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The Roles of Vitamin D Receptor (VDR) and CD8+ T‐Lymphocytes in Acral and Mucosal Melanoma Invasion Depth
Hermin Aminah Usman, Fitria Sholihah, Birgitta M. Dewayani, Octavianus Giovani
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Hui-Min Liu, Ming-Yan Cheng, Meng-Han Xun, Zhi-Wei Zhao, Yun Zhang, Wei Tang, Jun Cheng, Jia Ni, Wei Wang
International Journal of Molecular Sciences.2023; 24(4): 3755. CrossRef
Clinical features, molecular pathology, and immune microenvironmental characteristics of acral melanoma
Jianping Gui, Zhen Guo, Di Wu
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High Expression of COX-2 Associated with the Depth of Invasion on Acral Melanoma by Increasing TGF-β1
Nastassa Gipsyianti, Afiati Aziz, Bethy S Hernowo, Hermin A Usman
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More than just acral melanoma: the controversies of defining the disease
Sara S Bernardes, Ingrid Ferreira, David E Elder, Aretha B Nobre, Héctor Martínez‐Said, David J Adams, Carla Daniela Robles‐Espinoza, Patricia A Possik
The Journal of Pathology: Clinical Research.2021; 7(6): 531. CrossRef
CD103+ T Lymphocyte Count Linked to the Thickness of Invasion on Acral Melanoma without E-Cadherin Involvement
Fauzan Ali Zainal Abidin, Hermin Aminah Usman, Sri Suryanti, Bethy S Hernowo
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Translational pathology, genomics and the development of systemic therapies for acral melanoma
Yian Ann Chen, Jamie K. Teer, Zeynep Eroglu, Jheng-Yu Wu, John M. Koomen, Florian A. Karreth, Jane L. Messina, Keiran S.M. Smalley
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Cytologic Diagnosis of Noninvasive Follicular Thyroid Neoplasm with Papillary-like Nuclear Features and Its Impact on the Risk of Malignancy in the Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology: An Institutional Experience: Milim Kim, Joung Eun Kim, Hyun Jeong Kim, Yul Ri Chung, Yoonjin Kwak, So Yeon Park; J Pathol Transl Med. 2018;52(3):171-178. Published online April 3, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4132/jptm.2018.04.03

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Abstract PDF

Background
This study was performed to analyze cytologic diagnosis of noninvasive follicular thyroid neoplasm with papillary-like nuclear features (NIFTP) and its impact on the risk of malignancy (ROM) in the Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology (TBSRTC).
Methods
Five thousand five hundred and forty-nine cases of thyroid fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) diagnosed between 2012 and 2014 were included in this study. Diagnostic categories based on TBSRTC were compared with final surgical diagnoses, and the ROM in each category was calculated both when NIFTP was included in malignant lesions and when excluded from malignant lesions.
Results
Of the 5,549 thyroid FNAC cases, 1,891 cases underwent surgical resection. In final diagnosis, 1,700 cases were revealed as papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), and 25 cases were reclassified as NIFTP. The cytologic diagnoses of NIFTP were non-diagnostic in one, benign in five, atypia of undetermined significance (AUS) in 14, follicular neoplasm in two, and suspicious for malignancy in three cases. Collectively, NIFTP/encapsulated follicular variant of PTC (EFVPTC) were more frequently classified as benign, AUS, or follicular neoplasm and less frequently categorized as malignant compared to conventional PTCs. Exclusion of NIFTP from malignant diagnoses resulted in a slight decrease in malignancy rates in non-diagnostic, benign, AUS, follicular neoplasm, and suspicious for malignancy categories without any statistical significance.
Conclusions
The decrease in the ROM was not significant when NIFTP was excluded from malignant lesions. In thyroid FNACs, NIFTP/EFVPTCs were mostly classified into indeterminate categories. Therefore, it might be feasible to separate NIFTP/EFVPTC from conventional PTC on FNAC to guide clinicians to conservative management for patients with NIFTP/EFVPTC.

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Man Him Matrix Fung, Ching Tang, Gin Wai Kwok, Tin Ho Chan, Yan Luk, David Tak Wai Lui, Carlos King Ho Wong, Brian Hung Hin Lang
Thyroid®.2025; 35(2): 166. CrossRef
Spatial transcriptomics reveals prognosis‐associated cellular heterogeneity in the papillary thyroid carcinoma microenvironment
Kai Yan, Qing‐Zhi Liu, Rong‐Rong Huang, Yi‐Hua Jiang, Zhen‐Hua Bian, Si‐Jin Li, Liang Li, Fei Shen, Koichi Tsuneyama, Qing‐Ling Zhang, Zhe‐Xiong Lian, Haixia Guan, Bo Xu
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K Amita, HB Rakshitha, M Sanjay, Prashantha Kalappa
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Detailed fine needle aspiration cytopathology findings of noninvasive follicular thyroid neoplasm with papillary‐like nuclear features with nuclear grading correlated to that of biopsy and Bethesda category and systematic review
Sevgiye Kaçar Özkara, Gupse Turan
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Non-Invasive Follicular Thyroid Neoplasm with Papillary-Like Nuclear Features Is Not a Cytological Diagnosis, but It Influences Cytological Diagnosis Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Elina Haaga, David Kalfert, Marie Ludvíková, Ivana Kholová
Acta Cytologica.2022; 66(2): 85. CrossRef
Noninvasive follicular thyroid neoplasm with papillary-like nuclear features: its updated diagnostic criteria, preoperative cytologic diagnoses and impact on the risk of malignancy
Hee Young Na, So Yeon Park
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Usage and Diagnostic Yield of Fine-Needle Aspiration Cytology and Core Needle Biopsy in Thyroid Nodules: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Literature Published by Korean Authors
Soon-Hyun Ahn
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Comprehensive DNA Methylation Profiling Identifies Novel Diagnostic Biomarkers for Thyroid Cancer
Jong-Lyul Park, Sora Jeon, Eun-Hye Seo, Dong Hyuck Bae, Young Mun Jeong, Yourha Kim, Ja Seong Bae, Seon-Kyu Kim, Chan Kwon Jung, Yong Sung Kim
Thyroid.2020; 30(2): 192. CrossRef
Differences in surgical resection rate and risk of malignancy in thyroid cytopathology practice between Western and Asian countries: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Huy Gia Vuong, Hanh Thi Tuyet Ngo, Andrey Bychkov, Chan Kwon Jung, Trang Huyen Vu, Kim Bach Lu, Kennichi Kakudo, Tetsuo Kondo
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Noninvasive follicular neoplasm with papillary like nuclear features: A comprehensive analysis with a diagnostic algorithm
Chanchal Rana, Shreyamsa Manjunath, Pooja Ramakant, Kulranjan Singh, Suresh Babu, Anand Mishra
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Noninvasive follicular thyroid neoplasm with papillary‐like nuclear features and the risk of malignancy in The Bethesda System for the Reporting of Thyroid Cytopathology
Danielle Elliott Range, Xiaoyin “Sara” Jiang
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Janusz Kopczyński, Agnieszka Suligowska, Kornelia Niemyska, Iwona Pałyga, Agnieszka Walczyk, Danuta Gąsior-Perczak, Artur Kowalik, Kinga Hińcza, Ryszard Mężyk, Stanisław Góźdź, Aldona Kowalska
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Sevgiye Kaçar Özkara, Büşra Yaprak Bayrak, Gupse Turan
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Case Studies

Duodenal Adenocarcinoma of Brunner Gland Origin: A Case Report: Ji Hye Moon, Kyoungbun Lee, Han-Kwang Yang, Woo Ho Kim; J Pathol Transl Med. 2018;52(3):179-182. Published online December 27, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4132/jptm.2017.10.09

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Abstract PDF

We report a case of adenocarcinoma originating from the duodenal Brunner glands in a 47-year-old female patient. The lesion was 0.8 cm in extent and located at the posterior wall of the first part of the duodenum. Histologically, the tumor showed transition from non-neoplastic Brunner glands through dysplastic epithelium into adenocarcinoma. The carcinoma cells were strongly positive for MUC6 protein, which is an epithelial marker for the Brunner glands. Tumor protein p53 was overexpressed in the carcinoma cells, but not in the non-neoplastic or dysplastic epithelium. Dystrophic calcification was predominant. This is the first case report of duodenal adenocarcinoma of Brunner gland origin in Korea.

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Aitoshi Hoshimoto, Atsushi Tatsuguchi, Takeshi Yamada, Sho Kuriyama, Ryohei Hamakubo, Takayoshi Nishimoto, Jun Omori, Naohiko Akimoto, Katya Gudis, Keigo Mitsui, Shu Tanaka, Shunji Fujimori, Tsutomu Hatori, Akira Shimizu, Katsuhiko Iwakiri
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Erdheim-Chester Disease Involving Lymph Nodes and Liver Clinically Mimicking Lymphoma: A Case Report: Yeoun Eun Sung, Yoon Seo Lee, Jieun Lee, Kyo Young Lee; J Pathol Transl Med. 2018;52(3):183-190. Published online December 27, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4132/jptm.2017.10.16

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Abstract PDF

Erdheim-Chester disease (ECD) is a rare non-Langerhans cell histiocytosis and multisystem disease. First described in 1930, there are no more than 750 cases reported. The etiology remains unknown, but a majority of cases of ECD and Langerhans cell histiocytosis were found to have clonal mutations involving genes of the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway. We recently encountered a 53-year-old male patient with extensive ECD involving the systemic lymph nodes, pleura, liver, and long bones clinically mimicking malignant lymphoma. Biopsies were performed at multiple sites, including a pleural mass, an external iliac lymph node, bone marrow, and the liver. Based on histopathological and immunohistochemical findings of positivity for CD68 and negativity for CD1a and S-100, the patient was diagnosed with ECD. Interferon-α was administered as the first-line treatment, but the patient rapidly progressed to hepatic failure after 2 months of treatment. We report this rare case of ECD clinically mimicking malignant lymphoma and diagnosed by careful pathological review.

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Brief Case Reports

Post-transplant Amputation Traumatic Neuroma of the Hilum and Extrahepatic Duct in a Liver Donor: Na Rae Kim, Hyun Yee Cho, Dong Hae Chung, Keon Kuk Kim, Jae Hee Cho, Seung Joon Choi; J Pathol Transl Med. 2018;52(3):191-194. Published online August 4, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4132/jptm.2017.01.20

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Biliary tree traumatic neuroma following laparoscopic cholecystectomy: A case report and literature review
Hemn Kaka Ali, Dana Gharib, Marwan Hassan, Ari Abdullah, Deari Ismaeil, Omar Ghalib Hawramy, Dlshad Ahmed, Dilan Hiwa, Berun Abdalla, Fahmi Kakamad
Medicine International.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Hilar Biliary Amputation Neuroma Following Liver Transplant: A Case Report and Review of the Literature for this Diagnostic and Therapeutic Challenge
Sarang Thaker, Najib Nassani, Bartlomiej Lukasz Radzik, Christine Chan, Wadih Chacra, Sean Koppe, Grace Guzman, Adam E. Mikolajczyk
Transplantation Direct.2022; 8(12): e1405. CrossRef

Expression of CD34 and β-Catenin in Malignant Rhabdoid Tumor of the Liver Mimicking Proximal-Type Epithelioid Sarcoma: Woo Cheal Cho, Fabiola Balarezo; J Pathol Transl Med. 2018;52(3):195-197. Published online July 7, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4132/jptm.2017.05.15

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An Unusual Case of Metastasis of an Epithelioid Sarcoma to the Pleura and Bronchus: A Case Report and Literature Review
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Secretory Carcinoma Arising in a Fibroadenoma: A Brief Case Report: Sharon Lim, Min Keun Shim, Eun Yoon Cho, Soo Youn Cho; J Pathol Transl Med. 2018;52(3):198-201. Published online October 4, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4132/jptm.2017.08.01

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Breast Carcinoma within Fibroadenoma: A Systematic Review
Abdulwahid M. Salih, Lana R.A. Pshtiwan, Mohammed Gh. Hamasaeed, Sami S. Omar, Shaban Latif, Shadi H. Sidiq, Bushra O. Hussein, Hunar A. Hassan, Diyar A. Omar, Sarhang S. Abdalla, Hemn A. Hassan, Yousif M. Mahmood, Marwan N. Hassan, Dahat A.
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Aberrant CD3 Expression in a Relapsed Plasma Cell Neoplasm: Jai-Hyang Go; J Pathol Transl Med. 2018;52(3):202-205. Published online December 21, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4132/jptm.2017.09.05

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Very unusual expression of multiple aberrant T‐cell markers in plasmablastic plasma cell myeloma
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Case Study

Merkel Cell Carcinoma Metastatic to Pleural Fluid: A Case Report: Ye-Young Rhee, Soo Hee Kim, Eun Kyung Kim, Se Hoon Kim; J Pathol Transl Med. 2018;52(3):206-209. Published online November 23, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4132/jptm.2017.11.10

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130 Download
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Abstract PDF

Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a rare aggressive neuroendocrine carcinoma of the skin that shows locoregional or distant metastasis. Metastasis of MCC to body cavity effusion is extremely rare; only three cases have been reported so far. Metastatic MCC in effusion cytology shows small blue round cells with fine stippled chromatin like other small blue round cell tumors such as small cell lung carcinoma or lymphoma. The diagnosis of metastatic MCC can grant patients good chances at recently advanced therapeutic options. Here, we present a case of metastatic MCC to pleural effusion with characteristic single file-like pattern.

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Pleural Metastasis of Merkel Cell Carcinoma
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Derrame pleural por carcinoma de células de Merkel
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A rare case of pleural localisation of both metastatic Merkel cell carcinoma and chronic lymphocytic leukaemia
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Merkel cell carcinoma with pleural effusion
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Archivos de Bronconeumología (English Edition).2021; 57(11): 715. CrossRef

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